Johann III. (Bremen)

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Johann III. , also Johann Rode von Wale (also Rhode , rufus ) (* around 1445 in Bremen ; † December 4, 1511 at Burg Vörde , today Bremervörde ) was Archbishop of Bremen from 1497 to 1511 .

biography

Johann III's coat of arms, title page of the Missale secundum ritum ecclesie Bremense , 1511

Rode's father Heinrich Rode was a councilor in Bremen from 1484 to 1496, his maternal grandfather was the mayor Borchard Vagedes . He grew up in Bremen and studied in Rostock from 1465 . Between 1468 and 1485 Rode was dean of the Bremen Cathedral , then he was provost . During his time as dean of the Bremen church, he was enrolled at the University of Erfurt from 1468, where he was elected rector in 1470. In 1474 he was awarded a doctorate by both universities.

On January 30th 1497 Rode was elected Archbishop of Bremen and henceforth as Johann III. designated; Because of his bourgeois (“urban”) origins, he was the second (and last) bourgeois after Burchard Grelle to be elected bishop in Bremen. As soon as he took up his post, he found that he could not assert himself in Bremen without military power, so he turned to Heinrich I of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel . For this he took his 12-year-old son Christoph von Braunschweig-Lüneburg as coadjutor .

When Magnus I of Sachsen-Lauenburg made Old Saxon claims to sausages in the late 1400s and attacked the country, Johann III called. the cities of Bremen and Hamburg and drove Magnus and his supporters, also with the help of the Dithmarscher , out of the country. Magnus then called the Great Guard , also known as the Black Guard , from Holland and East Frisia to help. She was only turned away before Bremen. At Verden they conquered the crossing over the Weser, devastated the Bremen area, especially the monasteries, and part of the Lüneburg area, and then tried to penetrate the Wursten country via Lehe (now a district of Bremerhaven ) . There they were repulsed at Weddewarden , whereupon the Black Guard marched into the land of Hadeln . Peace negotiations then took place at the beginning of 1500: the dukes of Saxony-Lauenburg kept Land Hadeln, the Wurster came under the rule of the archbishop, but largely retained their independence. The Black Guard was signed by the Danish king who wanted to conquer Dithmarschen with it. There she was defeated by the Dithmarschers at the Battle of Hemmingstedt .

Johann III. tried in vain to regain lost rights of the archbishopric. Among other things, he had the " Vörder Register " ( Registrum bonorum et Iurium Castri Vorde citra et ultra Oestam , kept in the Royal Archives in Stade) created from 1498 to 1500, which outlines the districts of the Bremen Abbey and the sovereign claims. The districts listed are: the Börden Oerel, Lamstedt, Mulsum, Bargstedt, Ahlerstedt, Oldendorf, Selsingen, Heeslingen, Sittensen, Elsdorf and Altenwalde, as well as the large march district with the courts in the three parishes Osten, Großenwörden and Horst, the court of Vieland and the country sausages.

The of Johann III. The purchase of the densely wooded Wingstberge , an old Billungian property, led decades later (and after his death), in 1544, to the feud of his nephew Johann Rode against Johann's successor Christoph von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, because he was on the pretext that the property was Kirchgut, wanted to turn it to his own son Karsten Hillen.

In 1502, Johann III. replace the old north aisle of the nave in Bremen Cathedral with the north aisle hall that is still preserved today.

In 1503 he concluded a 5-year armistice with the East Frisians on the Leher Thingplatz near the Geeste ferry.

Commemoration

  • There is a figural tombstone of his in the Bremen Cathedral.
  • The Johann-Rode Street in Bremen- Borgfeld was named after him.

Goods and rights registers (selection)

Directory that Johann III. created:

  • 1498–1500: Registrum bonorum et Iurium Castri Vorde citra et ultra Oestam.
  • Around 1500: Registrum bonorum et Iurium Ecclesiae Bremensis.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. See the entry of Johannes Rode's matriculation in the Rostock matriculation portal
  2. Heidemarie Gieschen: History of the Bremervörde District Court . On: Website of the Bremervörde District Court , from 2002; Retrieved December 7, 2011.
  3. The Becoming of the City of Lehe →  1503 . Chronological list of historical events in Lehe (Bremerhaven) and the surrounding region, on the website www.lehe.de; Retrieved December 7, 2011.
  4. digitized version
predecessor Office successor
Heinrich XXVII. from Schwarzburg Coat of arms of the Archdiocese of Bremen.png
Archbishop of Bremen
1497–1511
Christoph of Braunschweig-Lüneburg