Georges Palante

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Georges Toussaint Léon Palante (born November 20, 1862 in Saint-Laurent-Blangy ( Pas-de-Calais , France), † August 5, 1925 in Hillion , Côtes-d'Armor ) was a French philosopher , author and anarchist .

Georges Palante 1914

Life

Palante attended various schools and universities, including the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Arras (1879) and in Paris in 1881 . He received a scholarship in philosophy at the University of Douai (1883 to 1885). As a philosophy teacher he had a job in Aurillac in 1885 and from 1886 to 1888 at the high school of Châteauroux .

Palante was influenced early on by Friedrich Nietzsche and was one of the first "Left Nietzscheans " internationally. Max Stirner and Sigmund Freud should be mentioned among the later influences . The book La philosophie du bovarysme by Jules de Gaultier is also said to have made a great impression on him. In 1893 Palante translated the work La Question sociale est une question morale by the German pedagogue and philosopher Theobald Ziegler . In 1900 he began to publish his first work in magazines. Among other things, he wrote for the Revue philosophique de France et de l'étranger until 1916 , and from 1911 to 1923 he represented Gaultier at the Revue du Mercure de France . From 1901 various essays and studies appeared that often dealt with problems of individualism , such as Combat pour l'individu (1904), Sensibilité individualiste (1908), Pessimisme et individualism (1914) and others.

In 1908 Palante ran in the municipal elections in Saint Brieuc , but was not elected. Another candidacy, in 1919, was also unsuccessful. Palante was married twice and had one daughter. He died by suicide in 1925 .

A student of Palante, the successful writer Louis Guilloux , designed the main character "Cripure" of the biographical novel Black Blood, which has been translated into several languages, after his teacher.

Think

Palante's worldview was shaped by a "radical individualism". He saw the established society as a "straitjacket" for the individual within the state. He rejected democracy and theocracy as a form of society and government. He was suspicious of any form of coexistence maintained through violence and abuse of power. Because of his doubts that an “ideal (free) society” could ever arise, or that the individual could become the bearer of one, Palante was seen close to nihilism .

Palante's ideas influenced authors such as Louis Guilloux, Jean Grenier, and Michel Onfray . Onfray, the now world-famous philosopher of hedonistic materialism , began his steep career as an extra- and counter-academic thinker in 1989 with a monograph on the completely forgotten "Nietzschéen de gauche" Palante.

Fonts (selection)

  • L'esprit administratif. In: Revue Socialiste (1900)
  • Le dilettantisme social et la philosophy du “Surhomme”. In: Revue Philosophique (1900)
  • Précis de sociologie , Alcan (1901)
  • Les dogmatismes sociaux et la libération de l'individu. In: Revue Philosophique (1901)
  • La mentalité du révolté. In: Mercure de France (1902)
  • Combat pour l'individu , Paris, Alcan (1904)
  • Anarchism et individualism. In: Revue philosophique (1907)
  • La Sensibilité individualiste. Paris, Alcan (1909)
  • Jules de Gaultier. In: Revue des Idées (1910)
  • Les antinomies entre l'individu et la société , Paris, Alcan (1912)
  • Pessimisme et individualisme , Alcan (1914)
  •  The most important works newly edited:   
  • Œuvres Philosophiques , Paris: Coda 2004, 891 pp. ISBN 2-84967-000-6 (Préface de Michel Onfray)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ An ironic "philosophical" name, formed from Critique de la raison Pure
  2. ↑ Louis Guilloux: Black Blood. Berlin (GDR): Verlag Volk und Welt 1973 (French orig. Le Sang Noir , 1935)
  3. ↑ Cf. his Contre-histoire de la Philosophie , laid out in eight volumes, which arose from lectures he held at the “People's University” in Caen, which he founded and was open to all
personal data
SURNAME Palante, Georges
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Palante, Georges Toussaint Léon (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French philosopher, author and anarchist
DATE OF BIRTH November 20, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Saint-Laurent-Blangy , France
DATE OF DEATH August 5, 1925
Place of death Hillion