1753
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Calendar overview 1753
Map with all linked sites: | 1753 | |
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 ceiling fresco in the stairwell of the Würzburg residence . |
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| 1753 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 1201/02 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1745/46 (turn of the year 10/11 September) |
| Bengali solar calendar | 1158/59 (beginning of April 14th or 15th) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2296/97 (southern Buddhism); 2295/96 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 74th (75th) cycle
Year of the water tap癸酉 ( at the beginning of the year water monkey 壬申) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 1115/16 (turn of the year April) |
| Dangun era (Korea) | 4086/87 (October 2/3) |
| Iranian calendar | 1131/32 (around March 21) |
| Islamic calendar | 1166/67 (turn of the year 28/29 October) |
| Jewish calendar | 5513/14 (September 28-29) |
| Coptic calendar | 1469/70 (September 10-11) |
| Malayalam calendar | 928/929 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 2063/64 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 2064/65 (turn of the year October) |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1809/10 (turn of the year April) |
In 1753 , the equilibrium of the great powers of Europe achieved in the Peace of Aachen in 1748 continued, but there are first signs of the soon following reversal of the alliances , a merger of France and Austria on the one hand and Great Britain and Prussia on the other. In India there are already armed conflicts between France and Great Britain in the ongoing Second Carnatic War , and the colonies in America are on the verge of the outbreak of the French and Indian War .
Events
Politics and world events
- Although the Braunschweig Palace is not yet completed, the residence of the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel is being relocated to Braunschweig by Duke Karl I of Wolfenbüttel .
- The Karabakh Khanate conquers the Ardabil Khanate , which ceases to exist after only six years .
economy
- September 20 : The Bavarian-Austrian coinage convention is closed. With this coin agreement to harmonize their currencies , the Electorate of Bavaria and Austria agree to mint the Convention Thaler, of which 10 pieces from the Cologne mark will be minted. The convention thaler was thus a heavier and more valuable thaler than the thalers after the Leipzig foot and other thalers. Furthermore, the division of the thaler into cruisers is determined.
science and technology
- January 11th : The late scientist Sir Hans Sloane bequeathed his collection to the English state in his will. The British Museum now has its foundation. The British Museum Library is also founded at the same time .
- The work Species Plantarum by Carl von Linné becomes the basis of the botanical nomenclature . In two volumes, on which he worked for almost twenty years, the Swedish botanist describes all known plant species and for the first time gives a two-part name for each species .
- Denis Diderot publishes the scientific-philosophical work De l'interprétation de la nature ( On the Interpretation of Nature ), in which he deals with the scientific methodological and philosophical problems of his time.
- The Swedish Queen Luise Ulrike of Prussia founds the Kongliga Svenska Vitterhets-academien as an alternative to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences founded in 1739 .
Culture
education
- The Academia de Bellas Artes de Santa Bárbara is founded in Valencia .
Visual arts
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- William Hogarth publishes the rococo- related art theory book The Analysis of Beauty . In the same year he published one of his most famous pictures, the engraving Absurd Perspectives .
- After around a year of work, Giovanni Battista Tiepolo completed the ceiling fresco in the stairwell of the Würzburg Residence , the largest continuous ceiling fresco in the world.
Music and theater
- January 8th : The world premiere of the opera Attilio Regolo by Niccolò Jommelli based on the libretto by Pietro Metastasio takes place at the Teatro delle Dame in Rome.
- February 5 : The baroque opera Solimano by Johann Adolph Hasse, based on a libretto by Giovanni Ambrogio Migliavacca , is premiered in a splendid and highly regarded performance at the Court Theater in Dresden. Angelo Amorevoli sings the title role , two other leading roles are occupied by Teresa Albuzzi-Todeschini and Giuseppe Belli . The famous Giuseppe Galli da Bibiena is responsible for the set design and equipment. The opera is sold out until the twelfth performance. Migliavacca later wrote another version of the Solimano libretto .
- May 31 : The libretto L'isola disabitata by Pietro Metastasio is set to music by Giuseppe Bonno on the occasion of the name day of King Ferdinand VI. first performed by Spain in Aranjuez. The idea for the work comes from the singer Farinelli, who is a friend of Metastasio . Metastasio regards it as one of his most successful works.
- November 19 : The world premiere of the opera La Fête de Cythère by Michel Blavet takes place in the Château de Berny .
- The play La locandiera by Carlo Goldoni , also known as Mirandolina after the main character, premieres in Venice. It is considered one of Goldoni's masterpieces and will be set to music and filmed several times over the next few centuries.
- The first part of Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach's musical textbook, An attempt on the true way of playing the piano, appears.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Marpurg publishes the first part of his music theory textbook Abhandlung von der Fuge .
society
- March 1st : Sweden adopts the Gregorian calendar , the previous day was February 17th July. .
religion
Sigismund III. Christoph von Schrattenbach is elected Prince Archbishop of Salzburg to succeed Andreas Jakob von Dietrichstein , who died on January 5th . The decision will only be made on the 13th election day in the 50th ballot against Joseph Maria von Thun and Hohenstein , the Bishop of Gurk. On May 7th, the new archbishop moved into the city of Salzburg , where he was ordained bishop on December 16th .
- June 23 : Mikael Bedros III. Kasbarian is elected third Armenian Catholic Patriarch of Cilicia . He succeeds the late Hagop Bedros II Hovsepian .
- November 7th : Louis-Joseph de Montmorency-Laval becomes Bishop of Orléans .
Disasters
- May 1st : The city of Suhl in the county of Henneberg in Saxony burns down almost completely . Only the building ensemble around the lower Malzhaus, the Kreuzkirche, two mills and a few houses, including some pipe smiths and hammer mills on the outskirts, are spared. In addition to the public buildings, a total of 542 private houses with 220 auxiliary buildings, 490 stables and 161 barns burn down. So that the rifle and barch manufacturers do not migrate after the fire, they receive a state construction advance. Several well-known master builders are involved in the reconstruction of the city, including Gottfried Heinrich Krohne from Weimar.
- A famine in France leads to riots in several provinces.
Born
January to May
- January 7th : Augusta Louise zu Stolberg-Stolberg , German nobleman and letter writer, Goethes Gustchen († 1835 )
- January 9 : Luísa Todi , Portuguese opera singer († 1833 )
- January 11 : Charlotte Buff , German administrator's daughter, role model for Lotte in Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther († 1828 )
- January 13 : Johann Christian Stark the Elder , German physician († 1811 )
- January 26 : Elizabeth Hamilton, Countess of Derby , British noblewoman († 1797 )
- January 31 : Kaspar Friedrich Lossius , German Protestant clergyman, educator and writer († 1817 )
- January: Charles Stuart , British general and politician († 1801 )
- February 2 : Catherine Hübscher , Alsatian laundress, Duchess of Danzig († 1835 )
- February 3 : Cay Wilhelm von Ahlefeldt , provost of Preetz Monastery († 1838 )
- February 11 : Jonas Galusha , American politician († 1834 )
- February 12 : François-Paul Brueys d'Aigalliers , French admiral († 1798 )
- February 16 : Friedrich Gustav Arvelius , Estonian-Baltic German writer and educator († 1806 )
- February 24 : Henri-Pierre Danloux , French painter († 1809 )
- February 24 : Gerhard Philipp Heinrich Norrmann , German lawyer and university professor († 1837 )
- March 1 : Leopold Heinrich Wilhelm Lentze , German clergyman († 1828 )
- March 8 : William Roscoe , English lawyer, biologist and historian († 1831 )
- March 9 : Jean-Baptiste Kléber , French general († 1800 )
- March 12 : Jean-Denis Lanjuinais , French politician († 1827 )
- March 12 : Justus Christian Loder , German-Baltic physician († 1832 )
- March 12 : Franz Volkmar Reinhard , German Protestant theologian († 1812 )
- March 13 : Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon-Penthièvre , Duchess of Chartres and Duchess of Orléans († 1821 )
- March 13 : James Gunn , American politician († 1801 )
- March 26 : Benjamin Thompson , British military and experimental physicist († 1814 )
- March 31 : Johann Martin von Abele , German publicist and historian († 1805 )
- April 3 : Jean-François Delacroix , French revolutionary († 1794 )
- April 28 : Franz Carl Achard , German physicist and chemist († 1821 )
- May 1 : Jacques-Alexis Thuriot de la Rozière , French politician († 1829 )
- May 8 : Miguel Hidalgo , Mexican priest and revolutionary († 1811 )
- May 13 : Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot , French politician and scientist († 1823 )
- May 15 : Christian Friedrich Krüger , German Minister of State († 1840 )
- May 25 : Johann Michael Feder , Catholic clergyman and university professor († 1824 )
- May 26 : Johann Friedrich Anthing , German silhouetteur († 1805 )
- May 31 : Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud , politician during the French Revolution († 1793 )
June to September
- June 8 : Jean Dagobert d'Aigrefeuille , French lawyer, theologian and civil servant († 1816 )
- June 9 : Robert Nares , English clergyman and philologist († 1829 )
- June 10 : William Eustis , American politician († 1825 )
- June 14 : Ludwig I , Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine († 1830 )
- June 17th : George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham , English nobleman and politician († 1813 )
- June 18 : Samuel John Galton , British arms manufacturer and banker († 1832 )
- June 24 : William Hull , American politician and officer († 1825 )
- June 26 : Antoine de Rivarol , French writer († 1801 )
- June 29 : Samuel J. Potter , American politician († 1804 )
- July 4th : Jean-Pierre Blanchard , French balloonist († 1809 )
- July 18 : Maria Anna von Pfalz-Zweibrücken , Countess Palatine von Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen and Duchess in Bavaria († 1824 )
- July 19 : Richard Potts , American lawyer and politician († 1808 )
- July 25 : Santiago de Liniers , French officer in the service of the Spanish military, viceroy of the viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata († 1810 )
- August 10 : Edmund Randolph , US Secretary of State († 1813 )
- August 12 : Johann Konrad Holzach , Swiss theologian and headmaster († 1826 )
- August 17 : Josef Dobrovský , Czech philologist and Slavist († 1829 )
- August 19 : Matwei Ivanovich Platov , Russian general († 1818 )
- August 20 : Philipp Jacob Piderit , German physician († 1817 )
- 23 August : August Maria Raimund zu Arenberg , Austrian officer in French service († 1833 )
- August 24 : Louis-Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux , French politician and member of the board of directors († 1824 )
- August 24 : Alexander Mikhailovich Rimsky-Korsakov , Russian general, governor general of Lithuania († 1840 )
- August 24 : Caroline Rudolphi , German educator, poet and writer († 1811 )
- September 2 : Maria Josepha of Savoy , Countess of Provence († 1810 )
- September 11 : Giovanni Antonio Antolini , Italian builder, architect and engineer († 1841 )
- September 11th : Friedrich August Baumbach , German composer and Freemason († 1813 )
- September 12 : Bernhard Vinzenz Adler , Bohemian physician († 1810 )
- September 16 : Märta Helena Reenstierna , Swedish landlady and author of diaries († 1841 )
- September 22 : Friedrich Arnold Wilhelm Adolf Carl Arndts , German lawyer († 1812 )
- September 23 : Joseph von Weber , German scientist and Catholic clergyman († 1831 )
- September 25 : Georg Wilhelm Sigismund Beigel , German diplomat, librarian, natural scientist and mathematician († 1837 )
- September 29 : Johann Gottfriedschicht , German composer, Gewandhauskapellmeister and Thomaskantor († 1823 )
October to December
- October 4 : Anna Heinel , German dancer († 1808 )
- October 8 : William Jones , American politician († 1822 )
- October 8th : Sophie Albertine of Sweden , abbess of the empire-direct and free-worldly monastery Quedlinburg († 1829 )
- October 15 : Elizabeth Inchbald , English actress, writer and playwright († 1821 )
- October 17 : Johann Rudolf Dolder , Swiss politician († 1807 )
- October 18 : Joseph Bloomfield , American politician († 1823 )
- October 19 : Caroline Ulrike Amalie von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld , dean in the imperial free secular imperial monastery of Gandersheim († 1829 )
- October 23 : Anna Marie Nanny Adamberger , Austrian actress († 1807 )
- October 24 : Marian Dobmayer , German priest and theologian († 1805 )
- November 4 : Wilhelm Gottlieb Becker , supervisor of the Dresden Antikengalerie, the Münzkabinett and the Green Vault († 1813 )
- November 11 : Félix María Calleja del Rey , Spanish officer and general, viceroy of New Spain († 1828 )
- November 15 : Johann Nicolaus Schrage , German Protestant theologian († 1795 )
- November 16 : James McHenry , American politician († 1816 )
- November 17 : Francesc Antoni de la Dueña y Cisneros , Bishop of Urgell and Co-Prince of Andorra († 1821 )
- November 20 : Louis-Alexandre Berthier , Marshal of France († 1815 )
- November 24 : Christian Gotthold Eschenbach , German physician, chemist and university lecturer († 1831 )
- November 27 : Henry Tazewell , American politician († 1799 )
- December 3 : Samuel Crompton , British inventor († 1827 )
- December 3 : Franz Xaver von Leibes , German Catholic clergyman and university professor († 1828 )
- December 5 : Johann Gottlieb Drasdo , German Lutheran theologian († 1819 )
- December 7th : Ignaz Ambros von Amman , German cartographer and national geometer († 1840 )
- December 7th : Samuel Gottlieb Bürde , German poet († 1831 )
- December 10 : Melchior Ludolf Herold , German hymn composer and priest († 1810 )
- December 10 : Louis-Philippe de Ségur , Count of Segur d'Aguesseau, French diplomat († 1830 )
- December 19 : John Taylor Gilman , American politician († 1828 )
- December 21 : Maximilian Thomas von Aicher , Bavarian officer († 1831 )
- December 28 : Johann Friedrich Hahn , German poet († 1779 )
- December 28 : Johan Wikmansson , Swedish composer († 1800 )
- December: Johann Christian Adami the Younger , German theologian
Exact date of birth unknown
- Marie Thérèse Péroux d'Abany , French writer († 1821 )
- Ahmad al-Ahsā'ī , founder of Shaykhism († 1826 )
- Johann Georg Bäßler , German Reformed church musician and composer († 1807 )
- Anna Christine Henke , German actress († 1827 )
- Mary Hoare , English painter († 1820 )
- Joseph Martin Kleber , German lawyer († 1816 )
- Karoline Krüger , German actress († 1831 )
- Nathaniel Mitchell , American politician († 1814 )
- Juan de Sámano , Spanish officer and colonial administrator, viceroy of New Granada († 1821 )
- Friedrich Josef Anton von Schreckenstein , baron and local researcher in Immendingen († 1808 )
- Marianne vom und zum Stein , abbess of Wallenstein Abbey († 1831 )
- Hilary Szpilowski , Polish architect († 1827 )
- Eleonore Sophie Auguste Thon , German writer († 1807 )
- Kitagawa Utamaro , Japanese color woodcut artist († 1806 )
- Thomas Wignell , American actor and theater manager († 1803 )
- Philipp Yung , German scholar († 1823 )
Died
First half of the year
- January 2 : Ólafur Gíslason , Evangelical Lutheran Bishop of Skálholt in the south of Iceland (* 1691 )
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- January 5 : Andreas Jakob von Dietrichstein , Prince Archbishop of Salzburg (* 1689 )
- January 7th : Friedrich Girtanner , Mayor of St. Gallen and Envoy of the Diet (* 1664 )
- January 13 : Jakob Hendrik Croeser , Dutch doctor (* 1691 )
- January 14 : George Berkeley , Irish theologian and philosopher (* 1685 )
- January 19 : André Joseph Panckoucke , French writer and bookseller (* 1703 )
- January 20 : Anna Maria Antonie , Princess of Liechtenstein (* 1699 )
- January 20 : Henriette Christine von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , Abbess of the Imperial Free Secular Empire Gandersheim (* 1669 )
- January 20 : Johann Heinrich Schramm , German Reformed theologian (* 1676 )
- January 23 : Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon , French aristocrat, writer and conspirator (* 1676 )
- February 3 : Charles Hector de Saint George Marquis de Marsay , French officer, watchmaker, quietist and radical pietist soul guide, translator and writer (* 1688 )
- February 4th : Anna Emerentia von Reventlow , German countess, benefactress and prioress of the Uetersen monastery (* 1680 )
- February 9 : Carl Hårleman , Swedish architect and politician (* 1700 )
- February 16 : Giacomo Facco , Venetian violinist, conductor and composer (* 1676 )
- February 22 : Eleonore Maria Anna von Löwenstein-Wertheim , Countess of Hesse-Rotenburg (* 1686 )
- February 23 : Willem Frans Cox , Dutch priest in the German Order (* 1691 )
- before March 19: Johann Georg Stengg , Styrian architect and builder (* 1689 )
- March 21 : Franz Ernst Brückmann , German physician and natural scientist (* 1697 )
- April 11 : Lorenz Strahlborn , Lübeck piece and bell caster
- April 27th : Marcus Tidemann , Lübeck merchant and councilor (* 1675 )
- May 1st : Johann Gottfried von Hahn , doctor and medical advisor in Breslau, royal Prussian councilor and landowner on Leonhardwitz in the Neumarkt district (* 1694 )
- May 19 : Jacques Aubert , French violinist and composer (* 1689 )
- May 27 : Anton Heinrich Walbaum , German pietist and councilor of the Duke of Saxony-Saalfeld (* 1696 )
- May 28 : Sóror Maria do Céu , Portuguese nun, poet and playwright (* 1658 )
- June 3 : Johann Philipp Anton von und zu Frankenstein , Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (* 1695 )
- June 13 : Marie Huber , Swiss translator, editor and author of theological works (* 1695 )
- June 16 : John von Collas , German-French scientist, builder and landowner in East Prussia (* 1678 )
- June 30 : Conrad Iken , German Protestant clergyman (* 1689 )
Second half of the year
- July 14 : Adam Friedrich von Glafey , German archivist, philosopher and legal historian (* 1692 )
- July 18 : Johann Dietrich Busch , German organ builder (* 1700 )
- 4th August : Gottfried Silbermann , German organ builder (* 1683 )
- August 5 : Johann Gottfried Auerbach , German painter (* 1697 )
Richmann dies in the presence of his assistant (who survived the incident) when his apparatus is struck by lightning during one of their electrical thunderstorm experiments in Saint Petersburg. The incident caused a sensation in Europe and reinforced the opponents of the lightning rod in their conviction of the dangerousness of the new technology. The picture shows a dramatized representation of this 19th century incident.
- August 6 : Georg Wilhelm Richmann , Baltic German physicist (* 1711 )
- August 7th : Markus Gattinger , Bavarian blacksmith (* 1713 )
- August 19 : Balthasar Neumann , German architect and builder (* 1687 )
- August 28 : Francesco Paolo Supriano , Neapolitan cellist and composer (* 1678 )
- September 4 : Philipp Millauer , German builder (* 1710 )
- September 5 : Joachim Oporin , German Protestant theologian (* 1695 )
- September 7th : Johann Ludwig Kübel , Mayor of Heilbronn (* 1684 )
- September 9 : Bertrand François Mahé de La Bourdonnais , French admiral (* 1699 )
- September 11th : Johann Joseph Wratislaw von Mitrowitz , Bishop of Königgrätz (* 1694 )
- September 16 : Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff , German soldier, landscape designer, interior decorator, theater director, painter and architect in Prussia (* 1699 )
- September 24th : Georg Gebel the Younger , German composer (* 1709 )
- October 7th : Herman Kaau-Boerhaave , Dutch medic (* 1705 )
- October 19 : Christian Rudolf Schmidt , Nassau carpenter (* 1708 )
- October 20 : Georg Dietloff von Arnim-Boitzenburg , Prussian statesman and leading minister (* 1679 )
- November 4th : Johann Nikolaus Bach , German composer and organist (* 1669 )
- November 9 : Karl August , Prince of Nassau-Weilburg (* 1685 )
- November 19 : Christian Friedrich Börner German Lutheran theologian (* 1683 )
- November 24th : Johann Georg Weber , German Lutheran theologian (* 1687 )
- December 3 : Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington , British nobleman, architect and garden designer (* 1694 )
- December 24th : Josef Amonte , Austrian painter (* around 1703 )
- December 25th : Augustin Buddeus , German medic (* 1695 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Hagop Bedros II. Hovsepian , Patriarch of Cilicia of the Armenian Catholic Church (* around 1689 )
- Hölster Heinke , Dutch mugger
- Pierre Joseph du Plat , electoral Hanoverian officer and cartographer (* 1691 )
- Giuseppe Sardi , Roman architect (* around 1680 )
Web links
Commons : 1753 - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files
- Austrian newspapers from 1753 in AustriaN Newspaper Online (ANNO) of the Austrian National Library