1754

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Heads of State · Nekrolog · Music Year

Calendar overview 1754
1754
Dorothea Christiane Erxleben
Dorothea Christiane Erxleben becomes Germany's first
female doctor with a doctorate .
Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria
Maria Anna of Austria , Queen of Portugal , dies.
Acadia 1754
The French and Indian War
begins in North America with the conflict over Acadia .
1754 in other calendars
Armenian calendar 1202/03 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar 1746/47 (turn of the year 10/11 September)
Bengali solar calendar 1159/60 (beginning of April 14th or 15th)
Buddhist calendar 2297/98 (southern Buddhism); 2296/97 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar 74th (75th) cycle

Year of the Wood Dog甲戌 ( at the beginning of the year water tap癸酉)

Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) 1116/17 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea) 4087/88 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar 1132/33 (around March 21)
Islamic calendar 1167/68 (turn of the year 17th / 18th October)
Jewish calendar 5514/15 (September 16/17)
Coptic calendar 1470/71 (September 10-11)
Malayalam calendar 929/930
Seleucid era Babylon: 2064/65 (turn of the year April)

Syria: 2065/66 (turn of the year October)

Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) 1810/11 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

North America

North America during the French and Indian War 1754–1763
  • April 17th : North American colonies: The French drive British troops out of the area of ​​what is now Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania, where they wanted to build a fort , and build Fort Duquesne there .
  • May 28 : The battle of Jumonville Glen begins the French and Indian War in North America. British militias from the colony of Virginia , allied with the Iroquois , under the command of the young officer George Washington, defeat a French force. The French commander Joseph de Jumonville dies under circumstances that have not yet been fully clarified. Probably after the battle he is slain by the Seneca leader Tanaghrisson to prevent a peace agreement between the British and the French.
  • On July 3, outnumbered French forces from Fort Duquesne lock Washington's forces in the hastily built Fort Necessity and force their surrender to free withdrawal.
Benjamin Franklin's cartoon from May 9th , with which he promotes the unity of the colonies
  • June 19 to July 11 : Representatives of the British colonies in North America and the Iroquois League in the city of Albany in the colony of New York meet at the Albany Congress : The negotiations include the termination of the British-Iroquois Covenant Chain , which has existed since 1677 Alliance against the French in New France , headed by the Mohawks . Because of the looming French and Indian War, the British want to negotiate the relationship between the British colonies and the Indian tribes and the French and are making a first attempt to conclude a union treaty. The alliance with the Iroquois is restored after concessions by the British. However, the plan for closer political cooperation between the colonies is proving difficult. Virginia, the largest of the British colonies, is boycotting Congress, and North, South Carolina and New Jersey are not sending participants. A draft of a political union of the colonies , prepared by Benjamin Franklin in the lead, was approved by the delegates who had traveled, but not ratified by a single colony. Nevertheless, the Albany Congress is generally regarded as the forerunner of the union of the United States that was actually completed later with the American Revolution .

Ottoman Empire

Osman III
  • December 13th : Mahmud I , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire , dies of heart disease. His successor will be his 55-year-old half-brother Osman III. who had been imprisoned in the Kafes Princes' Prison since he was five and was not prepared for a possible government. The constant latent mortal danger and isolation in detention have affected his mental health as well as his intellectual abilities. The sword girdle takes place on December 22nd.

Asia

Europe

economy

science and technology

Natural sciences

Teaching and Research

Zedler's Universal Lexicon

Culture

Visual arts

Music and theater

World premieres
First edition of the libretto from 1755
Title page of the libretto
  • The libretto Il ciclope of Pietro Metastasio premiered in private at the Viennese court. The composer of the first setting is not known.
Others
Il Leucippo , opera by JA Hasse, performance on September 19, 1754 on the Frankfurt Roßmarkt by the Thurn und Taxis opera company of Girolamo Bon

society

religion

Sports

Historical maps and views

Colonization of the world by Europe in 1754

Born

January to April

Talleyrand as a young man

May to August

Archduke Ferdinand Karl 1762
The Duke of Berry (i.e. the future Louis XVI) at the age of three with his younger brother, the Count of Provence

September to December

Paul I. as a child
Portrait of Frederick of Württemberg as a youth

Exact date of birth unknown

Died

First half of the year

Maria Teresa Felicita d'Este, posthumous portrait painting by Rosalie Grossard

Second half of the year

Tomb of Maria Anna of Austria
Karl Philipps grave plate in the Marienkirche of the Marienberg Fortress in Würzburg

Exact date of death unknown

Web links

Commons : 1754  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files