Joachim Daniel Jauch

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Joachim Daniel Jauch

Joachim Daniel Jauch (born March 22, 1688 in Güstrow ; † May 3, 1754 in Warsaw ; ± Capuchin Church ), often referred to as Joachim Daniel von Jauch , was a German engineer officer , architect and builder active in the Kingdom of Poland at the time of the Wettins .

biography

family

Godfather gift from August the Strong from 1731 to August Jauch (National Museum Krakow)
Capuchin Church in Warsaw
Jauch's burial place

Jauch was the youngest of fourteen children of the “First Lacquay and Taffeldecker” of Hereditary Prince Karl of Mecklenburg-Güstrow , Christian Jauch the Elder. Elder , and Ingborg Nicolai, maid and confidante of the Duchess Magdalen Sibylla von Mecklenburg-Güstrow. Jauch's eldest brother was the Lüneburg superintendent Johann Christopher Jauch , his brother-in-law was the Electoral Saxon Colonel and Building Director of the Electorate of Saxony Johann Christoph von Naumann .

Jauch was married to Eva Maria Münnich, whose origins differ in the literature. Some of the authors assume that she was a daughter of the later Imperial Russian General Field Marshal, Turkish conqueror and Prime Minister Burkhard Christoph von Münnich, who worked at the Saxon building authority as superior and predecessor of Jauch from 1716 to 1721 .

Jauch's only son August (* 1731), godchild of August the Strong , died early. His daughter Constance (1722–1802) married the Royal Polish Councilor and personal physician to King August III. , Heinrich Lölhöffel von Löwensprung and became ancestor of the Lelewel family, which is important for Poland (Polonized for: Lölhöffel). Jauch's great-grandchildren are the Polish freedom fighters Joachim Lelewel and Jan Pawel Lelewel . One of his descendants is the author of “Quo Vadis” and Nobel Prize winner for literature Henryk Sienkiewicz .

Coming from a Protestant family, Jauch converted to the Catholic Church three days before his death and was buried in the Capuchin Church with a pontifical office with a large participation of the Warsaw population .

Act

Military career

Jauch's magnificent barge at a ship revue in 1730 on the Vistula

Jauch is said to have initially entered the service of the States General . In 1705 he was a lieutenant in the Saxon service and was employed in the Dresden city ​​lighting set up and directed by his brother-in-law Johann Christoph von Naumann . In 1711 he took part in the siege of Stralsund as captain of the engineer corps in the Great Northern War . In 1720 he became a major , in 1729 a lieutenant colonel , in 1734 a colonel and in 1746 major general of the Saxon military. In addition, he held corresponding ranks with partly different promotion dates in the Polish Crown Army and achieved the rank of colonel in this. He took on the role of commander of the Crown Artillery and the Vistula Flotilla in the Polish Army, without, however, having been involved in acts of war after 1711, apart from his participation in the maneuver at Zeithain in 1730 on the Prince's staff. At the end of the maneuver, Jauch acted as admiral of the royal fleet on the royal ship Bucentaur .

Director of the Saxon Building Department in Warsaw

The autonomous Jauch Palace
in Solec / Warsaw

Jauch followed his brother-in-law Johann Christoph von Naumann to Warsaw in 1713 , where he set up the Saxon building authority for August the Strong . After his return to Dresden around 1715, Burkhard Christoph von Münnich took on a leading position in the Saxon construction industry in Poland until around 1720 . Jauch stayed with the Saxon construction industry in Warsaw and in 1720 became head of the Saxon construction department there, since 1733 under August III. with the official title of director of the building authority. His personal conductor (assistant) was Ephraim Schröger .

The accumulation of pay for Jauch's high ranks in the Saxon and Polish armies with his earnings from his no less remunerated high civilian position was typical of Prime Minister Count Brühl's regime, which was not burdened by thrift considerations, and enabled Jauch to accumulate a considerable fortune that it after his death in 1754 allowed his daughter Constanze to have the Lelewel Palace built in Warsaw in 1755 .

In spite of his decades-long stay in Poland, Jauch did not speak Polish and used Polish secretaries to accomplish his extensive tasks in the building industry, in the military and at court.

architect

Constitution of May 3, 1791
in Jauch's Senatorial Hall from 1733
in the Warsaw Royal Castle
Storming of the Warsaw Arsenal, which had been converted by Jauch, in the November Uprising of 1830
General Józef Sowiński fell in 1833 in Jauch's Church of St. Lorenz in Wola from 1753

Jauch's creative achievements as an architect lag behind those of his well-known Dresden colleagues. The scope of Jauch's activity is only partially characterized by the listing of the buildings he built, converted or designed. He was characterized by a high level of organizational talent, which the king needed to expand the Saxon Axis in Warsaw and to make numerous changes to the royal wing and other places. In addition to managing the building authority with over 50 employees and organizing the work, Jauch, as the royal representative, carried out all purchase and lease negotiations. In this way, Jauch contributed significantly to the baroque expansion of Warsaw during the Saxon period and is considered a co-designer of the Dresden Baroque . His documentation activities are also significant, to which the Dresden State Archives owe numerous preserved recordings of buildings in Poland. The involvement of Jauch in all construction projects and his documentation activities cause difficulties to this day in the delimitation of which buildings were built or converted according to Jauch's own designs. In addition, Jauch was responsible for the maintenance of all royal buildings in Poland . He was responsible for monitoring and maintaining the connection between Dresden and Warsaw. Jauch played an important role as the arranger of all kinds of festivities, as he was responsible for organizing the countless festivals and illuminations of the Polish court, many of which are testified by plans and reports.

and display information about the image
Jauch's conception for the reception of the Turkish ambassador
Mehmed Said Efendi at the Polish court in 1731

Ennoblement

No evidence has been found for Jauch's ennoblement. Probably incorrectly in the Polish nobility registers since around 1730 it has been assigned to the nobility resident in Poland .

Works

Overview

Minimum scope:

Remarkable

  • One of the great events of the Zeithain pleasure camp in 1730 was the final fireworks display lasting several hours on the Elbe near Riesa, “whereby human life was spared as little as money; for in a whale and four dolphins, which spewed flames and transformed the Elbe, as it were, into a sea of ​​fire, there were construction prisoners who had forfeited their lives and who managed the fire department in the belly of those monsters - which was not always the case, because several burned - given freedom. One of the brightest pieces of that fireworks display, next to the spitting of fire just mentioned, was supposed to be a vivat of a size never seen before. August even had the commanding lieutenant colonel Jauch come and impressed him with the colossal depiction of that Vivat. - Jauch did as he was commanded. There was nothing wrong with the Vivat's size, but the more wrong with the way it was written, because FIFAT was burning - in brilliant fire. "The result was general laughter, only not from August the Strong, who ordered Jauch to" pick up some shy man, who A clever cloak could put a clever cloak around the stupid prank. ”An honorable FAUSTA IUBILA FECERUNT AUGUSTI TEMPORA was filtered out of the shameful FIFAT and“ August did not fail to give his distinguished guests an understanding ”, while Jauch was given the joke name Fifat until the end of his life .

Portraits

  • Oil painting by the Saxon court painter Johann Samuel Mock around 1730 in the Museum of Warsaw
  • Oil painting by an unknown painter around 1720 in his descendants' possession, ill. S. O.

literature

  • Walter Hentschel: The Saxon Architecture of the 18th Century in Poland , 2 volumes, Berlin 1967.
  • Walter Hentschel: The central building projects August the Strong: a contribution to the role of the client in the German Baroque , Berlin 1969.
  • Walter Hentschel:  Jauch, Joachim Daniel. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , p. 368 ( digitized version ).
  • Wacław Husarski: Jan Joachim Daniel Jauch, dyrektor budowli za czasow saskich (Johann Joachim Daniel Jauch, building director in Saxon times) . In: Prace Komisji Historii Sztuki w Polsce, 2. 1918, pp. 54–59 (with further attributions).
  • Walter May: The Saxon building industry under August II. And August III. in Poland . In: Dresdner Hefte 50 (Poland and Saxony. Between proximity and distance) , 2/1997, ed. from the Dresdner Geschichtsverein e. V.
  • Polski Slownik Biograficzny , Volume IX / 1, p. 97
  • Martin Stolzenau: A Güstrower created magnificent buildings in Poland: the architect Joachim Daniel Jauch (1684 to 1754) rose to the service of Saxon . In: "Schweriner Volkszeitung / Güstrower Anzeiger", 2006, vol. 61, 2 (3. 1), p. 16

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The National Museum in Cracow - Arts and Crafts Gallery  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. : “The wooden baroque cradle from around 1730 was a gift from King August II to Joachim Daniel von Jauch, the royal authorized representative for building matters, for the baptism of his son. According to tradition, in infancy she also served the later outstanding Polish historian Joachim Lelewel , who was a great-grandson of Joachim Daniel von Jauch. "@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.muzeum.krakow.pl  
  2. ^ Walter Hentschel: The Saxon architecture of the 18th century in Poland. Volume 1, Berlin 1967, p. 51.
  3. ↑ Ingborg Jauch mentioned in 1745 by Johann Stieber, Merck-worthy and edifying biography of ... Princess Magdalena Sibylla, widowed ruling Princess of Mecklenburg. Rostock 1745; Stieber's designation as the “ruling princess” does not correspond to the legal situation in Mecklenburg - it is just a contemporary courtoises abbreviation for (duchess and) wife of the ruling duke. In this respect, see Petra Dollinger: Women at the Ballenstedter Hof: Contributions to the history of politics and society at a princely court of the 19th century. Volume 2, 1999, p. 33.
  4. ↑ DGB p. 413f; see. List of ancestors Henryk Sienkiewicz, version of December 26, 2010, URL: [1] ; not recorded in the family tables of Ernst von Münnich, Arved Jürgensohn: The memoirs of Count Ernst von Münnich. 2006, ISBN 978-3-939119-37-1 , pp. 216ff.
  5. ↑ DGB p. 415f
  6. ↑ Hentschel Vol. 1, pp. 50f; Kuryer Polski 15th Maji 1754, Num.XLIII
  7. ↑ Friedrich Wilhelm Hansch: History of the Royal Saxon Engineer and Pioneer Corps. Dresden 1898, pp. 58, 60.
  8. ↑ Hentschel (see Lit.) vol. 1, p. 44f, different promotion dates with Stanislaw Loza: Architecti i budowniczowie w. Polsce. 1959, p. 133 (probably because of the different promotions in the Saxon and Polish armies), after Loza 1748 also general of the Crown Army
  9. ^ Gerhard Zwoch: The pleasure camp of Zeithain. Glaubitz 1998, ISBN 3-932913-19-1 , p. 19.
  10. ↑ Antoni Maśliński: Studia nad SZTUKA renesansu i baroku. Volume 3, 1989, p. 82: “W Obr. Jauch's Palais "
  11. ↑ Hentschel vol. 1, p. 44f.
  12. ↑ a b Hentschel vol. 1, p. 49.
  13. ↑ Hentschel vol. 1, p. 50.
  14. ↑ Rex Rexheuser: Staff Unions of Saxony-Poland 1697-1763 and Hanover-England 1714-1837: A Comparison. 2005, p. 212, calls Jauch “a counterexample” for the otherwise common integration of the Germans under August the Strong.
  15. ↑ Hentschel Vol. 1, pp. 45, 51.
  16. ^ Adam Boniecki : Herbarz Polski. Vol. 8, Warsaw 1905, p. 340
  17. ↑ Polska Encyclopedja Szlacheka. Vol. 6, Warsaw 1937, p. 194
  18. ^ Seweryn Uruski : Rodzina Herbarz Sylachty Polskiej. Vol. 6, Warsaw 1909, p. 29
  19. ↑ Emilian von Źernicki-Szeliga : The Polish nobility and the foreign noble families who joined the same. General directory. Hamburg 1900, vol. 1, p. 373
  20. ↑ after Hentschel vol. 1, p. 43ff, further attributions in Husarski (see lit.)
  21. ^ The great German anecdote lexicon. Erfurt 1843/44, Reprint Leipzig 1985, p. 302.
  22. ↑ DGB p. 411 (ill.)

Web links

Commons : Joachim Daniel von Jauch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Burkhard Christoph von Münnich Royal Polish Director of the building authority
1720 - 1754 		Johann Friedrich Knöbel
personal data
SURNAME Jauch, Joachim Daniel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jauch, Joachim Daniel von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German engineer officer and architect
DATE OF BIRTH March 22, 1688
PLACE OF BIRTH Guestrow
DATE OF DEATH May 3, 1754
Place of death Warsaw