Saxon Palace
The Saxon Palace (Polish : Pałac Saski ) was a Baroque palace in Warsaw from the beginning of the 18th century. The palace and the gardens were redesigned and expanded after 1715 in the late Baroque and Rococo styles on the Saxon axis between the baroque Saxon Garden and the Sächsischer Platz (today Piłsudski-Platz ) during the Saxon period . Towards the end of the Second World War, the palace went under in 1944 as part of the planned destruction of Warsaw by the German Wehrmacht . A reconstruction is planned.
history
Around 1600 there was that of King Sigismund III on the site of the Saxon Palace . Wasa built Warsaw's city fortifications. A first castle was built there by Tobias Morsztyn in the early Baroque style. His son Jan Andrzej Morsztyn had Tylman van Gameren expand the Morsztyn Palace from 1661 to 1664, for which he received the approval of King John II Casimir . The castle was rebuilt again between 1669 and 1673. King August II acquired the castle in 1713 and had it redesigned in the course of the construction of the Saxon axis . The expansion was carried out by the Saxon architects Carl Friedrich Pöppelmann and Joachim Daniel von Jauch until 1724. August II also had the Saxon Square and the Saxon Garden , the latter laid out in 1713 by Johann Christoph von Naumann .
In 1748 two new wings of the castle were built. During this time, the Brühlsche Palais north of the Saxon Garden was built. The palace remained the property of the Wettins until 1817 and then housed the government authorities of Congress Poland until 1831 . In 1837 it was sold to the Russian merchant Iwan Skwarzow and rebuilt by Wacław Ritschel and Adam Idzkowski in the classicist style in the spirit of Russian classicism, in particular the middle section was removed and replaced by a column wall. After the First World War, the General Staff of the Polish Army had its headquarters here, and in particular the Biuro Szyfrów (BS) (German: "Chiffrenbüro"), which succeeded in 1932, the German Reichswehr and later the Wehrmacht with the help of the rotor -Cipher machine ENIGMA to decipher encrypted message traffic (see also: deciphering of ENIGMA ).
After the Warsaw Uprising in 1944, the palace was systematically destroyed by the German Wehrmacht. Only a fragment of the column facade has survived, in which the tomb of the unknown soldier has been located since 1918 .
Reconstruction plans
The building was originally to be rebuilt between 2007 and 2009 and cost around 75 million euros. The heated debate about alternative uses, however, contributed to the delay in implementation. The planned move of the city administration into the premises of the reconstructed palace was criticized by many as excluding the public, alternative proposals included a conference center, museum uses as well as luxury apartments and restaurants. In 2006, archaeological work was carried out in the exposed cellars of the palace. Around 19,000 historical objects were found, including coins and porcelain. Most of the foundations should be dismantled and replaced with new ones. In the end, the city administration of Warsaw was supposed to move into the palace. In 2009 the Warsaw magistrate temporarily abandoned the construction plans and postponed them indefinitely.
In September 2018, the Polish government announced that it would rebuild the Saxon Palace as the future seat of the Senate.
See also
literature
- Hentschel, Walter: The Saxon architecture of the 18th century in Poland. 2 vols., Berlin, Henschelverlag Art and Society, 1967.
swell
- ↑ http://histmag.org/?id=734
- ↑ PiS chce przenieść Senate i MSZ do pałaców . ( rp.pl [accessed on September 21, 2018]).
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 14 ′ 27.7 " N , 21 ° 0 ′ 41.2" E