Johann Christian Jauch senior

Johann Christian Jauch senior around 1840 (portrait of Otto Speckter )

Timber store between Bankstrasse and the city dike (pencil drawing by Ebba Tesdorpf 1884)

Fraction of the city dyke against Hamburg during the February flood of 1825 (lithograph by Friedrich Thöming)

Johann Christian Jauch Sr. (* January 11, 1765 in Lütau ; † January 14, 1855 in Hamburg , ± Jauch family crypt in the Hammer cemetery ), actually Johann Christian Barthold Wilhelm Jauch , was a Hanseatic merchant.

Origin and family

Jauch is the progenitor of the Hanseatic branch of the Jauch family .

Jauch's grandfather was Johann Christian Jauch (1702–1778), first canon and vice dean of the Bardowick cathedral monastery . His father, Johann Georg Jauch (1727–1799), factory owner and merchant in Lauenburg / Elbe , kidnapped Anna, the daughter of the Hamburg Senate Syndicate and Lord of Horst, Johann Baptista Mutzenbecher (1691–1759), grandniece of the electoral Saxon officer in 1754 Hamburg Senator Matthias Mutzenbecher (1693-1735), and married her. After the death of his first wife, he married Johann Christian's mother, Catharina Louise Seetzen (1739–1788), daughter of the Royal British and Electoral Brunswick-Lüneburg Court of Lauenburg Albrecht Ludolf Seetzen.

Jauch was the descendant of the militant Reformation theologian Salomon Gesner and the first Protestant Mayor of Hamburg, Johann Wetken , who was instrumental in introducing the Reformation in Hamburg.

Jauch married in 1801 Charlotte Fagel (1772–1841), daughter of the ship's master to Lauenburg Jürgen Christian Fagel, with whom he had seven children.

His grandson was the representative of the notables in the Hamburg citizenship August Jauch (1861–1930). His great-grandson was Otto von Feldmann (1873–1945), head of the operations department in the Turkish Supreme Army Command during the First World War. The Hanseatic philanthropist Auguste Jauch (1822–1902) was his daughter-in-law. The television presenter Günther Jauch (* 1956) is one of his descendants .

Jauch's cousin was Lübeck's mayor, poet and enlightener Christian Adolph Overbeck (1755–1821), and his nephew was Albert August Wilhelm Deetz (1798–1859), a member of the Frankfurt National Assembly . His great-great-nephew was Ludwig Gümbel , shipbuilding engineer , professor at the TH Berlin and significantly involved in building up the German submarine fleet.

Life

Jauch joined his great-uncle Carl Daniel Jauch's (1714–1795) timber shop in Hamburg, which he had been running there since 1752 after moving his business from Lüneburg to Hamburg. He acquired citizenship in Hamburg in 1799, initially continued the trading business as the JC Jauch timber dealer, then relocated it to Stadtdeich 9, the family's Hamburg headquarters at Holzhafen, and built the company into the dominant timber wholesale business in the Hanseatic city with extensive business relationships in Poland and to Russia. In addition to the aforementioned Stadtdeich 9 belonged Moritz Jauch (1804–1876) Stadtdeich 3 and Johann Christian Jauch junior (1802–1880) Stadtdeich 189, while the unmarried third son Carl Daniel Jauch (1806–1866) lived with his father.

In 1832 Jauch became a major citizen of Hamburg. In 1841 he took his sons into the company and until five days before his death he was a partner and senior manager of the timber business JC Jauch & Sons . Due to the fire in the city of Hamburg in 1842 and the years of rebuilding the destroyed parts of the city, the already wealthy family achieved considerable wealth . In 1846 his son Johann Christian Jauch junior (1802–1880) and his grandson Carl Jauch (1828–1888), who ran his own timber business, bought the Wellingsbüttel estate near Hamburg as a country residence and hunting ground.

Jauch was from 1820 to 1833 dike jury and elder dike jury of Hammerbrook . He directed the protective measures at the Hammerbrooker dike breach during the February flood of 1825 .

Jauch was an art-loving man. His wife's nephew, the Hamburg-born painter, lithographer and school professor Johann Carl Koch , was in close contact with him . a. Made engravings after paintings by Jauch's nephew Friedrich Overbeck (1789–1869). A regular guest in his house was Theodor Avé-Lallemant (1806–1890), who was important for Hamburg's musical life and who later married Jauch's daughter Wilhelmine (1809–1893). In 1820 he was one of the citizens who successfully funded the construction of the St. Georg General Hospital , the first municipal hospital in Hamburg.

Hamburg, Stadtdeich 9
office of JC Jauch & Sons
1891 Jauchsche foundation
"Home for old men"
destroyed 1943 ( Operation Gomorrah )
(watercolor Ebba Tesdorpf around 1880)

Jauch's house Stadtdeich 9

After the acquisition of the house Stadtdeich 9 (also known as Stadtdeich 10) - "Jauch'sches Haus" - the area was extended to Bankstrasse and Schleusenstrasse through the purchase of numerous plots, so the "eighth Jauch sin Plank" for the east subsequent part of the city dyke became the common place name.

In the western part of the city dyke, merchants from the city center had built their richly furnished country houses after 1700, which also included city dyke 9. Since the timber trade with France, England, Spain and Portugal was carried out from here, timber merchants and sawmill owners gradually moved to the city dike. The city dyke was now also called Krondiek or Kronendeich, because in the part facing the city, "rich, fine people" lived in contrast to the poorer surroundings like the southern Hammerbrook . The noisy through traffic was kept away by a barrier post to which only the dyke jury had a key. In 1825, riding was also banned on the city dike. While this brought the residents of the western, urban properties in particular the desired tranquility, it caused some hardship for most of the residents. The Jauch themselves drove unhindered over the adjacent Bankstrasse and Schleusenstrasse, up to which their property extended, onto their property.

Jauch's son Johann Christian (1802–1880) put on a kennel to the left of the house for the bears he brought with him from his trips to Russia, and to the right a deer park that extended to Bankstrasse, which existed until 1879.

The poet Friedrich Hebbel wrote to his partner Elise Lensing , who had lived in Stadtdeich 43 for many years, after her departure in 1844:

"It can only reassure me that I don't know you among cats, snakes and bears, like on the city dike, but among people."

- Friedrich Hebbel : Complete works. Historical-critical edition

In 1891 Jauch's daughter-in-law, the Hamburg benefactor Auguste Jauch , and her son Hermann dedicated the house to a monastery home for old men as a free place to live for needy workers . In 1933 the house was extensively renovated by the family.

Stadtdeich 9 (sometimes also referred to as Stadtdeich 10) was added to the list of cultural monuments in the Hamburg district of Hamburg-Mitte in 1933 under number 107 . In 1947, after its destruction in Operation Gomorrah during World War II.

Pedigree

Ancestors of Johann Christian Jauch senior (excerpt)
6th generation of ancestors	Hieronymus Rhüden (1542–1620) Lüneburg city superintendent and pastor to St. Johannis (Lüneburg) ⚭ around 1580 Anna Elebek (1558–1630) daughter of councilor Peter Elebek, last of the Lüneburg patrician family	Dr. iur. Peter Claassen (1558–1637) First Canon of the Ratzeburg Monastery ⚭ around 1590 Anna Kahrstedt (1574–1601) daughter of the mayor of Ratzeburg and land rent master Andreas Kahrstedt	Salomon Gesner (1559–1605) Professor and Rector of the University of Wittenberg and Provost at the Castle Church in Wittenberg ⚭ 1586 Margareta Andrae († after 1622)	Bernhard Werenberg (1577–1643) Professor at the Academic Gymnasium in Hamburg ⚭ 1615 Margarete Langermann (1588–1651) great-great-granddaughter of the first Protestant Mayor of Hamburg, Johann Wetken
5th generation of ancestors	Georg Rhüden (1592–1670) First Canon and Vice Dean at Bardowick Cathedral ⚭ 1614 Clara Claassen (1595–1668)		Heinrich Janichius (1595–1655) archdeacon at the main church Sankt Katharinen (Hamburg) ⚭ 1630 Maria Gesner (1592 – after 1656)	Jacob Werenberg (1616–1681) pastor to St. Hippolyt in Amelinghausen ⚭ 1652 Anna Laubengeist
4th generation of ancestors	Dr. iur. Barthold Rhüden (1630-1693) lawyer to Hamburg ⚭ 1659 Anna Margareta Janichius (1634-1708)			Jacob Philipp Werenberg (1655–1705) pastor to St. Hippolyt in Amelinghausen ⚭ NN
Great grandparents	Barthold Rhüden (1669–1753) First Canon and Vice Dean at Bardowick Cathedral ⚭ 1709 Johanne Ottilie Werenberg (* around 1690)
Grandparents	Johann Christian Jauch (1702–1778) First Canon and Vice Dean at Bardowick Cathedral ⚭ 1725 Clara Maria Rhüden (1710–1775)
Johann Christian Jauch senior (1765–1855)

Literature and Sources

German Gender Book Volume 200, 13. Hamburger, pp. 337–416, ISBN 3-7980-0200-2 , Volume 209, 15. Hamburger, pp. 31–52, ISBN 3-7980-0209-6 , each with further references

References and comments

↑ Christian Schlöpken, Chronicon or description of the city and the Bardewick monastery , Lübeck 1704, p. 429: donut heads were not ordered. The deans were usually lawyers who acted as Princely Braunschweig-Lüneburg Chancellor in Celle . The actual management of the monastery lay with the senior citizens, who for this reason have held the title of Vice-Dean since time immemorial
↑ Frank-Michael Wiegand, Die Notabeln: Investigations on the history of the electoral law and the elected citizenship in Hamburg 1859-1919 , 1987, p. 271: The Notabelnabeln were not freely elected, but sent by the Notabeln and formed “a counterweight to the tendency the sole rule of certain classes of the people "
^ Cousin of the Federal President Theodor Heuss , great-nephew of the naturalist Theodor Gümbel and the geologist Wilhelm von Gümbel
↑ "The import of construction timber on a larger scale in Hamburg is almost exclusively in the hands of two companies, namely Messrs. JC Jauch & Sons and Klinckrath & Martens, of which the former is particularly of great importance in this field", in: Arthur Freiherr von Hohenbruck, The wood export of Austria to the west and north. 1869, p. 78.
^ HWC Huebbe, Vom Hammerbrook. 1. Breakthrough of the city dike in 1825 , in communications from the Association for Hamburg History Volume 5, Hamburg 1883, p. 7f
^ Collection of the regulations of the Freyen Hanseatic City of Hamburg, Volume 6 , 1819, p. 327
↑ See Wolfgang Rudhard, Das Bürgerhaus in Hamburg , 1975, p. 109 (fig.)
↑ See Hamburgische Rath- und Burgerschlusse , 1849, p. 44
^ Anne-Marie Thede-Ottowell, Vom alten Stadtdeich , Hamburg 1998, p. 12, ISBN 3-9803705-6-9
↑ Thede-Ottowell p. 5ff
↑ Thede-Ottowell p. 9
↑ Thede-Ottowell p. 12
↑ "Elise Lensing" in: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Ed.): Hamburgische Biografie: Personenlexikon , Volume 2, 2003, p. 247.
^ Richard Maria Berner: Friedrich Hebbel. Complete Works, Historical-Critical Edition, Part 3, Volume 3, 1905, p. 91.
^ Isabel Sellheim : The family of the painter Friedrich Overbeck (1789-1869) in genealogical overviews. Neustadt an der Aisch 1989, ISBN 3-7686-5091-X
↑ On her great-grandfather Laurens Niebuhr, Mayor of Hamburg, married with a daughter Wetken: F. Ge Buek, Die hamburgischen Oberalten, their bourgeois efficacy and their families , 1857, p. 101
^ Wilhelm Sillem: Wetken . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 42, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1897, pp. 231-238., Volume 42 (1897), pp. 231-238; Wetken himself was married to a daughter of the Hamburg mayor Johann von Spreckelsen .

personal data
SURNAME	Jauch, Johann Christian senior
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Hanseatic merchant
DATE OF BIRTH	January 11, 1765
PLACE OF BIRTH	Luetau
DATE OF DEATH	January 14, 1855
Place of death	Hamburg

[1] Christian Schlöpken, Chronicon or description of the city and the Bardewick monastery , Lübeck 1704, p. 429: donut heads were not ordered. The deans were usually lawyers who acted as Princely Braunschweig-Lüneburg Chancellor in Celle . The actual management of the monastery lay with the senior citizens, who for this reason have held the title of Vice-Dean since time immemorial

[2] Frank-Michael Wiegand, Die Notabeln: Investigations on the history of the electoral law and the elected citizenship in Hamburg 1859-1919 , 1987, p. 271: The Notabelnabeln were not freely elected, but sent by the Notabeln and formed “a counterweight to the tendency the sole rule of certain classes of the people "

[3] Cousin of the Federal President Theodor Heuss , great-nephew of the naturalist Theodor Gümbel and the geologist Wilhelm von Gümbel

[4] "The import of construction timber on a larger scale in Hamburg is almost exclusively in the hands of two companies, namely Messrs. JC Jauch & Sons and Klinckrath & Martens, of which the former is particularly of great importance in this field", in: Arthur Freiherr von Hohenbruck, The wood export of Austria to the west and north. 1869, p. 78.

[5] HWC Huebbe, Vom Hammerbrook. 1. Breakthrough of the city dike in 1825 , in communications from the Association for Hamburg History Volume 5, Hamburg 1883, p. 7f

[6] Collection of the regulations of the Freyen Hanseatic City of Hamburg, Volume 6 , 1819, p. 327

[7] See Wolfgang Rudhard, Das Bürgerhaus in Hamburg , 1975, p. 109 (fig.)

[8] See Hamburgische Rath- und Burgerschlusse , 1849, p. 44

[9] Anne-Marie Thede-Ottowell, Vom alten Stadtdeich , Hamburg 1998, p. 12, ISBN 3-9803705-6-9

[10] Thede-Ottowell p. 5ff

[11] Thede-Ottowell p. 9

[12] Thede-Ottowell p. 12

[13] "Elise Lensing" in: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Ed.): Hamburgische Biografie: Personenlexikon , Volume 2, 2003, p. 247.

[14] Richard Maria Berner: Friedrich Hebbel. Complete Works, Historical-Critical Edition, Part 3, Volume 3, 1905, p. 91.

[15] Isabel Sellheim : The family of the painter Friedrich Overbeck (1789-1869) in genealogical overviews. Neustadt an der Aisch 1989, ISBN 3-7686-5091-X

[16] On her great-grandfather Laurens Niebuhr, Mayor of Hamburg, married with a daughter Wetken: F. Ge Buek, Die hamburgischen Oberalten, their bourgeois efficacy and their families , 1857, p. 101

[17] Wilhelm Sillem: Wetken . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 42, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1897, pp. 231-238., Volume 42 (1897), pp. 231-238; Wetken himself was married to a daughter of the Hamburg mayor Johann von Spreckelsen .