Wellingsbüttel mansion
Coordinates: 53 ° 38 ′ 34 " N , 10 ° 4 ′ 18" E
The mansion Wellingsbuettel is the manor of the former 1296, first mentioned and to 1806 rich free manor Wellingsbuettel whose area 1937 by the law Greater Hamburg according Hamburg was incorporated. Today it is the center of the Hamburg district Wellingsbüttel, named after Gut Wellingsbüttel, in the Wandsbek district . The changing owners of Gut Wellingsbüttels from the beginning of the 15th to the beginning of the 20th century were successively the Archbishops of Bremen , Dietrich Reinkingk , the Barons von Kurtzrock, King Friedrich VI. from Denmark and Norway , Hercules Roß, the Hamburg citizens Jauch , the banker's widow Cäcilie Behrens and Otto Jonathan Hübbe. At the beginning of the 19th century, Wellingsbüttel was the seat of Duke Friedrich Karl Ludwig of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck , ancestor of almost all European royal families of the 20th century. Among the Hamburg citizens Jauch , Gut Wellingsbüttel and the manor house became a center of the Hanseatic way of life in the 19th century. The listed ensemble of men's and gatehouse at the Alster is today in the midst of the under nature conservation standing Alstertales . The gatehouse houses the Alstertal Museum .
History of the Wellingsbüttel estate
In Bremen ownership / imperial immediacy of the property
Wellingsbüttel, first mentioned in a document in 1296 , came into the possession of the Bremen archbishops in 1412 , who pledged it mainly to the canons of Hamburg . 1430–1484 it was in pledge possession of the Harvestehude monastery . After the Reformation , the last canon Heinrich Banskow was expropriated. 1542 Wellingsbuettel was until 1572 the brothers Hans Hinrich and Kalenberg as grace Lehn , not hereditary verlehnt that a first "Lusthaus after the Alster built out". From 1572 to 1627 it was lent to the Danish governor of Schleswig-Holstein Hinrich von Rantzau on Breitenburg and his sons. After various other leanings, in 1643 the Chancellor of the last Archbishop of Bremen, Dietrich Reinkingk , received the estate as a man's fief , i.e. with the possibility of bequeathing it.
With the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 the estate came to Sweden . Queen Christine confirmed Reinkingk's possession in 1649 and elevated the estate to an allodial property . This made Wellingsbüttel a free, inheritable property that was no longer subject to any feudal lord . Wellingsbüttel attained a very peculiar position in constitutional law under the lawyer Reinkingk. Reinkingk, now Count Palatine and thus authorized to seek justice from the Emperor , regarded his property as an imperial direct property that had no judge more than the emperor himself.
Owned by the v. Kurtzrock / Development of the buildings
In 1673 Theobald von Kurtzrock bought the Wellingsbüttel estate. He was imperial resident in Bremen and Thurn and Taxic postmaster . The von Kutzrocks directed the fortunes of the estate until 1806. Around 1750, Theobald Joseph von Kurtzrock, Minister of the Lower Saxony District and Chief Postmaster of Hamburg, had the manor house built in Wellingsbüttel. In 1757 Georg Greggenhofer , the prince-bishop's court architect from Eutin, created the half-timbered gatehouse for him. After a dispute about the imperial immediacy of the estate, the Danish Crown Prince had the estate occupied in 1806, so that the landlord Clemens August von Kurtzrock was forced to give it to King Friedrich VI. from Denmark and Norway for sale.
In the fiefdom of the Duke of Holstein-Beck / elevated to the status of a chancellery
In 1810 the Danish king enfeoffed his relative, Duke Friedrich Carl Ludwig of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, with the estate. The Duke had been the Royal Prussian Lieutenant General and then entered the Russian service. In 1810 he became a Danish general . He is the ancestor of the British Royal Family - of both Elizabeth II and her husband Philip Mountbatten, the Duke of Edinburgh , the Danish Royal Family , the Norwegian Royal Family , the former Greek Royal Family and Queen Sophia of Spain . Duke Friedrich Karl Ludwig died in 1816. Wellingsbüttel was raised to the status of a chancellery while he was in possession . A chancellery that was directly subordinate to the Royal Danish Chancellery in Copenhagen was withdrawn from local jurisdiction, exercised its own patrimonial jurisdiction and had sovereign rights over the other local estates.
The heyday of the chancellery among the Hamburg citizens Jauch
After the Hamburg merchant Hercules Roß had initially acquired the property, it was auctioned in 1846 by Johann Christian Jauch junior (1802–1880) and his son Carl Jauch (1828–1888). The Jauch were citizens of Hamburg. Johann Christian Jauch junior ran the leading timber wholesaler JC Jauch & Söhne in Hamburg with his father Johann Christian Jauch senior (1765–1855) and his brothers . Due to the fire in the city of Hamburg in 1842 and the years of rebuilding the destroyed parts of the city, the family had achieved considerable wealth .
Under the Jauch, the estate experienced its heyday. In contrast to the wealthy landlords, the situation of the residents of the village of Wellingsbüttel was desolate. The village and its poor burden had already been separated from the estate under the ownership of Duke Friedrich Carl Ludwig von Holstein-Beck. Many small farmers who have been self-employed since then fell into poverty, lost their land in bankruptcy proceedings or sold it to the Jauch. By 1876, the Jauch acquired eight surrounding properties, including the country house “Grüner Jäger” and the Gasthof Sander, which is valued by Hamburg day trippers. With the exception of the country house “Grüner Jäger”, which they used as a hunting lodge, the Jauch had all buildings laid down on the land they had acquired. They added the land with which they enlarged the estate, in which the former country estate of the Hamburg family Sillem on the Alster had already been incorporated, from an initial 110 ha to 250 ha to the estate park.
Agriculture, which in any case was not particularly productive, took a back seat under the Jauch - Wellingsbüttel turned into a Hanseatic country seat and became the scene of extensive hunts and social events. The hunt-loving Jauch had a deer park laid out behind the manor house - as they did next to their town house on the Stadtdeich in Hamburg, where there was even a bear kennel, which at the same time increased Wellingsbüttel's attraction as a popular country party for Hamburgers. In order to expand the hunting opportunities, the Jauch leased the scenic Duvenstedter Brook in addition to the actual estate and released pheasants there. The servants brought to Wellingsbüttel by the Jauch, especially the cooks required for the large housekeeping, have become the first parents of a number of families now resident in Wellingsbüttel.
In 1883, the future colonel and free corps leader Hans Jauch († 1965) was born on Wellingsbüttel .
Change of the good to a villa suburb of Hamburg
In 1888 the banker's widow Behrens acquired the estate from the heirs of Carl Jauch (1828–1888), rebuilt the manor house, but died in 1891. The Hamburg merchant Otto Jonathan Hübbe, who in 1910 transferred it to Alsterthal- Terrain-Gesellschaft mbH , became the new owner which was incorporated into the Alsterthal-Terrain- Actien-Gesellschaft (ATAG) in 1912 . Co-partners were the former landowners of the neighboring estates in Poppenbüttel and Sasel . The aim was the settlement of the Alstertal and the silver plating of the property of the landowners who had brought their goods to ATAG. However, the company failed - ATAG went bankrupt after the First World War . The last agricultural areas disappeared after the Second World War, Wellingsbuettel urbanized final and is now a villa suburb of Hamburg.
The mansion, which came into the possession of the city of Hamburg, housed part of the Hansa-Kolleg founded in 1962 from 1964 to 1996, when the city sold the property . The Hansa-Kolleg, which also included a dormitory, was the only all-day school in the city where adults could take a secondary school leaving certificate. The Hansa-Kolleg has been located in Barmbek- Süd since 1996 .
In front of the Hansa-Kolleg, a part of the Strenge elementary school with grades 1 to 4, which had been located in Wellingsbüttel since 1934, has been located in the manor house since the Second World War.
Buildings
Theobald Joseph v. Kurtzrock built the Wellingsbüttel manor around 1750 and the gatehouse in 1757 . The mansion , whose builder is unknown, is not entirely preserved in its original form. In 1888 the architect Martin Haller added one storey to it. The mansion is a nine-axis baroque building with a central projection , behind which the central hall of the mansion is located. The gate house was designed by Georg Greggenhofer . The plan was carried out by the master mason Leptien. The gatehouse is to be assigned to the brick baroque. It has a roof turret and a clock. Today the gatehouse has become the cultural center of the Alstertal due to its use as a local museum and event location. Both buildings are under monument protection , listed in the Hamburg monument list under the numbers (formerly) 141 and (today) 506 .
tourism
- The Alstertal Museum of the Alsterverein in the Torhaus Wellingsbüttel, Wellingsbüttler Weg 75a, 22391 Hamburg,
- The Wellingsbüttel Citizens' Association with its Torhaus culture group has committed itself to the City of Hamburg to preserve the part of the gatehouse it uses and to fill the building with cultural life. Every year around 35 to 45 events such as concerts of all kinds, poetry and author readings, exhibitions, lectures, seminars and courses, cinema screenings, trips to literary and historical sites and art tours are offered. The artisans' Christmas market and an Easter market that is currently being planned complete the offer.
- The manor house is used as a senior citizens' residence. This includes partial use as a public café with a garden terrace and - in the basement - as a beauty and wellness farm.
location
Wellingsbüttler Weg 75, D-22391 Hamburg-Wellingsbüttel
Literature and Sources
- Natalie Bombeck, Jauch's ancestors were Wellingsbüttelers , in: Hamburger Abendblatt from January 25, 2007
- Fiege, Hartwig, History of Wellingsbüttels - From the Holstein village and estate to the Hamburg district , Neumünster 1982, ISBN 3-529-02668-9
- Fiege, Hartwig, About the Wellingsbüttel landowner family Jauch in: Yearbook of the Alsterverein 1984, Hamburg 1984
- Rackowitz, Dorothee, and Caspar von Baudissin: 700 years Wellingsbüttel 1296-1996 , Hamburg 1993 ISBN 3-925-80006-9
Web links
- Culture group Torhaus Wellingsbüttel
- Alstertal Museum in the Wellingsbüttel gatehouse
- By bike from Jungfernstieg in Hamburg via Ohlsdorf and the Wellingsbüttel gatehouse to the Mellingburger Schleuse
- Torhaus Wellingsbüttel - picture gallery
- Cafe in the manor house
- History of the Hansa-Kolleg
- Friedrich Karl Herzog von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck on thepeerage.com , accessed on September 10, 2016.