Barmbek

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Barmbeck around 1800

Barmbek , spelling until September 27, 1946 Barmbeck , was a village in northeast Hamburg , a suburb from 1874 to 1894 and a district until 1951. Since 1951, the area has been divided into the districts of Barmbek-Nord , Barmbek-Süd and Dulsberg .

Limits

As with many villages, the exact demarcation to the neighboring towns was not originally specified. Only to well the Hospital of the Holy Spirit belonging Eilbek was to the lower reaches of the Wandse , here Eilbek , called a natural border. The border to Hinschenfelde was determined on July 14, 1365 in a comparison between the hospital as the landlord of Barmbeks and the owners of Hinschenfeldes, the brothers Henneke and Emeke von Strutz, “dat de helffte des Moeres, de presented to the Barnebeker Felt, and dat holdt, dat de Kyfhorn is healed, forward, de scholen blifen eternally by Dorpe Barnebeke and by the Huse des hilligen Geist tho Hamborch ”. The Kiefhörn road is still the border from Dulsberg to Wandsbek today .

After Winterhude , the village boundary was first agreed between the farmers of both villages in 1726. At that time it ran in the eastern part of today's city ​​park . With the construction of the railway line at the beginning of the 20th century, this became the district boundary in the north, while the Saarlandstraße now forms the border south of Hellbrookstraße to Osterbek . The borders to Alsterdorf , Steilshoop and Bramfeld were set in 1773, whereby a small piece of the Alsterdorf district fell to Barmbek in the course of the hospital construction .

The long controversial border between Barmbek and Uhlenhorst was established in 1744 by an agreement between the Hospital of the Holy Spirit as Barmbek landlords and the Hamburg town council on the west side of today's Bachstrasse . The trench dug for this purpose, however, was thrown back by the Barmbek people who wanted to continue grazing their cattle beyond this border. However, she finally prevailed. During the Nazi era, when the entire area was already built on, the border was moved to Winterhuder Weg , where it is still located today.

With effect from May 11, 1951, the district administration in the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (1949) divided the former districts of Barmbeck-Südwest and -Südost differently and the districts of Barmbek-Süd and Dulsberg were created.

history

Barmbek was first mentioned in a document as Bernebeke on September 8, 1271 , when the Archbishop of Bremen Hildebold von Wunstorf confirmed half ownership of a hoof in the village to the Hamburg cathedral chapter . The settlement of the area is much older, as the grave mounds formerly on the Rönnheide prove. A find from 1927 shows that Germanic settlers grew wheat in Barmbek around 800 BC. The name Barmbek was derived from the river Bernebeke, today's Osterbek . As early as 1350, the Hospital of the Holy Spirit had the rights to seven to eight hooves in the village. By contract of March 28, 1355, the hospital also bought the remaining lands and rights of Barmbek and the neighboring Eilbeck from the financially distressed Count von Holstein for 150 silver marks. Dulsberg districts were first mentioned in a document dated July 14, 1365, according to which, among other things, the wood "Kyfhorn" (where the Kiefhörn street is today) "was kept forever by Dorpe Barnebeke and by the Huse des hilligen Geist tho Hamborch ”(see above under limits).

Back then, Barmbek was a typical North Elbe village with initially ten and finally twelve hooves and eight kätner positions . The land cultivated by the Hufnern consisted of various reclaimed tubs , each of which was divided into individual elongated fields. From the fact that the two oldest tubs around the village on the Redder as well as the tubs "Stüff", "Achter in Stiegen" and "Hagelsteins Kamp" in the area around today's Von-Essen-Strasse and "Up dem Uhlen Kamp" , "Spillstücke" and "Lütje Uhlen Kamp" were each divided into ten fields, it can be concluded that there were initially ten Hufner. The second youngest hoof (later No. 11) appears for the first time in the tubs north of the Osterbek that were reclaimed in the late 14th and early 15th centuries. In the case of the youngest hooves, the land is then distributed among twelve hooves (the youngest hoof being the later number 4, which initially had less land than the other hooves). It is assumed that this 4th hoof was created between the middle of the 14th century and the beginning of the 16th century, when the village of Hartzloh had to be abandoned after a plague outbreak and the only surviving farming family, the Herkensee (later Harckensee), moved to Barmbek and there built a new farm right next to the 5th farm, which was managed by a relative. Many tubs had names that can still be found in street names today: In addition to the above-mentioned "Up den Uhlen Kamp" (= Eulenkamp) z. B. also "Up den Imhof" (= Immenhof), "Pennbusch" (= Pfenningsbusch) and "Diellau" (= Tieloh). In the 16th century the eight Kätnerstellen were created, which were given arable land outside the Gewanne on the other side of Oberaltenallee between Lerchenfeld and around today's Marschnerstrasse. In the distribution of Ellernholz (today Winterhude and part of the local city ​​park ), the Lohkoppeln on the Osterbek and the Rönnheidkoppeln from 1752, both the Hufner and the Kätner received shares, with the Kätners each being granted half as much land as the Hufnern.

The tying of the old tub began in the late 1760s but was never fully completed. The tubs on the Alten Wöhr, the Rade and the Mesterkamp were completely linked. The part of Lämmersieth that faces the village center, the old parts of the Dulsberg site on today's Krausestrasse and the “Up den Stiegen” (between Hamburger Strasse and later von Essen's Vogelweide) were linked. On the "Olen Enn" (the former border to the submerged village of Hartzloh, which is reminiscent of the street of the same name), the Heidhörn and parts of the Rübenkamps, assignments also took place. From the land of the Kätner, the Imhof south of today's Stückenstrasse and the Kätnerkamp were linked in their favor. The amalgamation failed for other winnings because a decade-long inheritance dispute over the 5th Hufe, which had previously belonged to the Harckensee family, made it impossible to include the fields of this farm, which were often in the middle of the winnings. For example, twelve tubs from Dulsberg to Steilshooper Straße remained unconnected. Later, individual farmers achieved more productive arable land for their farms through internal land swaps, for example on the southwestern Langenfort, on the Stellbergterrain and in the 19th century in the northern and eastern Feldmark. From 1784, large parts of the common pasture were distributed to the Vollhufner and the Kätner, now called Halbhufner. Care was taken to ensure that sufficiently large pieces were created so that every farmer could create a large cow pasture. The majority of the pastures were created on the Ellerholzweiden and in the Wischof. But also south of Alten Wöhr (10th Hufe), on Bramfelder Straße on the site of today's shipbuilding research institute (2nd Hufe) or Techniker Krankenkasse (11th Hufe) and later on Habichtstraße, where the Köster Foundation is today is located, (12th hooves) pastures were created.

While Hamburg was part of the French Empire (1811-1814), Barmbek was a Mairie , which also included Eilbeck , Hohenfelde , Lübschenbaum, Uhlenhorst , Schürbek, Mundsburg , Kuhmühle and Schlachterhof. Subsequently, the hospital was able to maintain sovereignty over Barmbek until 1830. Only then did it transfer to Hamburg. Until the 19th century, the courtyards of the twelve Hufner were grouped around the old village square on Hufnerstrasse. Only Hufe 5 has been a few meters away from the village square on the market since the fire of 1578. Two hundred years later, the 11th Hufe followed, which was also relocated to the site of today's Dehnhaide train station on the market after a fire . In 1840, Johann Hinrich Harckensee was the first hoof to move the fourth hoof from the village center to the north of Barmbeker at Bramfelder Strasse 43, roughly where the DRK rescue station is today. He was followed in 1880 by Otto Deseniss, who moved into a villa at Bramfelder Straße 15 (roughly at the level of Straße Flachsland), where he also ran a gardening business. He sold the old farmhouse of the 9th Hufe from 1627, but it burned down in 1884. In 1890 Heinrich Dreckmann relocated his farm, the 12th Hufe, from the old village square to the border to Bramfeld, where he built the "Habichtshof" north of today's Habichtstrasse (at that time still path no. 207 ) on the Hellbrookweiden, which - through destruction in the second World War 2 mutilated - stood there until 2008. As early as 1883, when Heinrich's father Jochim Hinrich Dreckmann was still running the farm in the center of the village, Heinrich Dreckmann had built a garden house on the Hellbrookweiden in which he lived with his wife and, from 1884, the first-born son Hans Dreckmann .

The Sophienkirche was built on former farmland of the 2nd Hufe.

From the beginning of the 19th century, the Barmbeck farmers - Hufner as well as Kätner - increasingly sold individual areas to third parties, partly as residential properties, partly for commercial purposes. As early as 1797, Johann Wilhelm Hinsch's widow sold a plot of land for the 1st Hufe on Hamburger Strasse to Gerhard Heinrich von Essen, who set up his bird garden there and later also bought a field for the 8th Hufe. In 1841, her son Heinrich Hinsch sold the previous seed land to the city for the building of the insane asylum, sanatorium and nursing home in Friedrichsberg , for which the city also acquired lands of the 3rd, 5th, 9th and 10th Hufe. In 1863 Heinrich Eggers sold 945 square rods on the Rönnhaide to the Hamburger Schützengesellschaft, which set up its first shooting range there, after which the street is now called "Beim Alten Schützenhof". In 1866, the entire land of the 5th Hufe was parceled out and auctioned, the now landless farm was then used as the inn "Barmbecker Hof". When Heinrich Behrmann took over the 2nd Hufe in 1869, he gave a good 1,370 square rods on the Rönnheide on Weidestrasse to his brothers, who sold the area to the Roman Catholic Church in 1897 to build the Sophienkirche . In the last third of the 19th century, 38 building sites on today's Beimoorstrasse were given to traders from the possession of 1. Hufe. Around 1870, the owners of Hufen 6, 7 and 11 sold areas north of the Osterbek to Johann Hinrich Wilhelm Maurien, who founded the New York Hamburger Gummi-Waaren Compagnie with business partners and later bought additional properties to expand the business. From 1874 the gas works on the Osterbek was built on land on Hufen 4, 6, 7, 10 and 12 as well as two Kätner. In 1888 Ernst HE Langhein's widow sold the 11th Hufe area on the Mesterkamp to the Straßen-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft , which set up a depot there that still serves as a bus depot for the elevated railway today . The rare case of a new farm was founded in 1891, when Johann Jochim Lembcke's heirs gave a good 19 hectares of the 10th Hufe in the eastern Feldmark to his second son Adolph, who set up a new farm at Bramfelder Straße 86. In 1897 the city acquired 3.58 hectares of the 9th Hufe on Steilshooper Straße to build the covering shop.

The New-York Hamburger Gummi-Waaren Compagnie was founded on the areas of hooves 6, 7 and 11.

At the turn of the 20th century, the Aerar of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg acquired the full hoof rights of eleven of the twelve Hufen as well as a large part of their remaining lands. The only remaining farm, the 12th Hufe, which was then managed by Heinrich Dreckmann, was given a plot of land on what is now Emil-Janssen-Straße to compensate for the loss of common pasture use. In detail, the Aerar, comparable in its tasks to today's state company for real estate and real estate , acquired the following areas including the full-time rights: 1898: 29.77 hectares of the 2nd Hufe (Heinrich Behrmann retained a total of 165 ares with the farm in the village center and the Menckwiese ), the 4th hoof, of which Otto Harckensee, however, kept land on Lämmersieth, on the Nadel on Steilshooper Straße and on the Dulsberg, the 7th hoof, of which after the transfer of 38 hectares to the Gummi-Waaren Compagnie and others Practically only the Hufner rights remained for the gas works, 42 hectares of the 8th Hufe (about 2.6 hectares - half of it at Langenfort - were retained by Wilhelm Eggers, the last Hufner, and built on them with apartments on his own account) , 33.5 hectares of the 9th Hufe, after Otto Deseniss had cut off 5.3 hectares for himself and built apartments and 33.6 hectares of the 11th Hufe, from the previously separated areas in the north of Barmbek which were later used for the construction of the sports field on Steilshooper Strasse, for Hinrich Voss' margarine factory and for residential construction on the Stellberg terrain; 1899: 5.96 hectares of the 1st hoof and approx. 30 hectares of the 6th hoof, whose farm Lisa Witt, the granddaughter of the last full-hoofed farmer there, Hermann Witt, sold to the city in 1962; 1900: 21.62 hectares of the 3rd hoof, the landless (see above) 5th hoof and 15.54 hectares of the 10th hoof as well as 16.94 hectares separated from this by Adolph Lembcke in 1891.

The urbanization of Barmbek also progressed through the sales to the city and previously to private individuals. In 1885, for example, master bricklayer Gustav Grupe, who had made money in the United States , bought the lands of Hufen 1, 3 and 12 on Kleine Hartzloh on Fuhlsbüttler Strasse and Hufe 4 on Alten Teichweg and Langenrehm, built houses on them and then sold them. Other master masons followed suit. But Heinrich Dreckmann, the last full-time man (and later especially his children), built rental apartments in the entire Barmbek area and sold other parts of his property to third parties for the purpose of building housing. The last classic farmhouse was the house of 10. Hufe in Hufnerstraße 1 until 1943 and was inhabited by Alma and Heinrich, the son of the last Vollhufner, Lembcke. It was destroyed in the bombing of Operation Gomorrah on July 30, 1943.

Old fire station Barmbek in Bachstrasse.
New fire and rescue station in Barmbek on Maurienstraße.

After the professional fire brigade had to come from the city center, Barmbek received its own fire station on Bachstrasse in 1895. In 1991 it was replaced by the new fire and rescue station on Maurienstraße.

Peasant bailiffs

The full terms of office of the early bailiffs are not known. The year then indicates the year in which the activity is proven. In addition, it is not always known from which court these bailiffs come.

  • 1528 Carsten Mundt (probably 6th hoof)
  • 1568 Change from Eggert Mundt to Lutke Hinsch
  • 1574 Hans von Bargen (probably 10th hoof)
  • 1598 Jacob Framhein
  • 1601–1602 Hans Jenefeld (9th hoof)
  • 1602 Albert Bostel (1st hoof)
  • 1627 Hans Bostel (1st hoof)
  • 1655–1667 Albert Bostel (1st hoof)
  • 1668–1686 Peter Timmermann (foreman on the first hoof)
  • 1687–1734 Hans Bostel (1st hoof)
  • 1734–1751 Albert Bostel (1st hoof)
  • 1751–1772 Johann Hinsch (1st hoof)
  • 1772–1780 Diedrich Framhein (9th hoof)
  • 1781–1791 Johann Wilhelm Hinsch (1st hoof)
  • 1791–1803 Hermann Kramp (3rd hoof)
  • 1803–1825 Eggert Reese (5th hoof)
  • 1825–1841 Johann Hermann Deseniss (9th hoof, from 1830 on behalf of the City of Hamburg)
  • 1843–1879 Hermann Deseniss (9th hoof)
  • 1880–1894 Heinrich Behrmann (2nd hoof)

Population development

For the numbers from the 1950s, see the individual district articles. The numbers mentioned here were taken from the book “Bauer Eggers' Linden are still standing. First Barmbek history tour "taken.

  • 1773 = 443 inhabitants
  • 1810 = 750 inhabitants
  • 1838 = 1,200 inhabitants
  • 1855 = 1,800 inhabitants
  • 1867 = 6,042 inhabitants
  • 1874 = 9,468 inhabitants
  • 1880 = 16,057 inhabitants
  • 1885 = 22,379 inhabitants
  • 1890 = 32,827 inhabitants
  • 1894 = 38,347 inhabitants
  • 1900 = 48,201 inhabitants
  • 1905 = 71,000 inhabitants
  • 1910 = 93,241 inhabitants
  • 1915 = 129,419 inhabitants
  • 1920 = 131,679 inhabitants
  • 1925 = 150,590 inhabitants
  • 1935 = 188,363 inhabitants
  • 1939 = 223,000 inhabitants
  • 1944 = 15,000 inhabitants
  • 1948 = 68,000 inhabitants

The jumps in the number of inhabitants can be explained by the following events, among others: At the turn of the year 1860/61, the nocturnal gate lock was lifted, so that it became lucrative to settle in the outskirts of the city, which also included Barmbek. Construction of the Speicherstadt began in 1882 , which meant that a large number of residents of the southern old town and Grasbrook had to look for new apartments outside the inner-city area. In addition to the Hammerbrook and Eimsbüttel , the south of Barmbek was also one of the influx areas. The customs connection in 1888, which led to an increased influx of workers to Hamburg in general, and the elevation of Barmbek to a district in the following years as well as the opening of the suburban railway in 1906 and the elevated railway in 1912, each of which had several stops in Barmbek, led to a further significant increase in population, which was further promoted by the brisk new construction activity in the north of the district and on the Dulsberg in the 1920s. The population peaked shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War with over 220,000 residents. After Operation Gomorrah , which destroyed large parts of the district, the population fell briefly to just 15,000.

religion

For the development of religious communities from the 1950s, see the individual district articles.

Evangelical Lutheran Churches

The Holy Spirit Church , which was demolished in 2008, was the first parish church in Barmbek.

Barmbek originally belonged to the district of the Jacobikirche in the old town . After the Hamburg ramparts were built in 1629, the chapel of St. George's Hospital initially served as the parish church for the areas outside the walls. Since the middle of the 18th century, the Dreieinigkeitskirche, newly built in St. Georg, was also the parish church for the village of Barmbek. Due to the huge catchment area, there was practically no church life in Barmbek with the exception of going to church on Sundays. With the establishment of the parish of St. Gertrud in Uhlenhorst in 1883, the pastoral situation improved somewhat, but by 1900 the new parish already had over 100,000 members. In 1902 the first Barmbeck parish church was built with the Heiligengeistkirche on the old village square. The Kreuzkirche had already been built on the corner of Marschnerstrasse and Holsteinischer Kamp. Although it belonged to the Hamburg regional church , as a staff congregation with a Lutheran-Orthodox orientation, it did not have its own congregation area, but was visited by believers from all over Hamburg. The increase in population soon led to new church buildings: in 1920 the Church of the Resurrection in Barmbek-Nord was consecrated, so that the division of Barmbek into three parts of the city (Barmbek-Nord, Barmbek-Süd and Dulsberg ) began shortly after the First World War. In 1929 the second Lutheran church for Barmbek-Süd followed with the Bugenhagenkirche at Schleidenpark. With the construction of the Frohbotschaftskirche, Dulsberg left the Barmbek parish in the mid-1930s and got its own congregation. After the Second World War, a third Lutheran church was built in Barmbek-Süd with the new Kreuzkirche on Wohldorfer Strasse, which replaced the previous building that had been destroyed in the war. In the north of Barmbek, two other churches were added, the St. Gabriel Church on Hartzlohplatz and the St. Bonifatius Church on Lämmersieth. The Dulsberg also received a second Lutheran church, the Bonhoeffer Church. Due to the decline in parish members, the three parishes in Barmbek-Süd have now merged as well as the two Dulsberg parishes. The three Lutheran congregations in the north of Barmbek, however, have retained their independence to this day.

Roman Catholic churches

The Sophienkirche , built in 1900, was the first Catholic church in Barmbek.

Since the introduction of the Reformation by Johannes Bugenhagen , Hamburg has been shaped by Lutherans. For the next few centuries, the city's few Catholics could not practice their faith publicly. It was not until 1811 that the Catholics were granted a place of worship again with the “Little Michel” . It is not known whether Catholics lived in Barmbek at the time, but it seems rather doubtful. After the Marienkirche in St. Georg was erected in 1893 as the first Catholic church building after the Reformation, the Barmbeck Catholics were parish there. The Marienkirche is today the cathedral of the Archdiocese of Hamburg . Due to the urbanization of Barmbek, workers from Catholic areas in Germany also moved there. The first Roman Catholic church in Barmbek was consecrated as early as 1900 ; it stands diagonally across from the Bugenhagen Church, which was built later. The St. Sophien Church was donated by the founder of the German-American Petroleum Company (now part of the Esso Group), Wilhelm Anton Riedemann , whose wife was called Sophie. A Dominican monastery has been attached to the Sophienkirche since 1962 . In the 1920s, the second Catholic parish church was built on Lämmersieth in the north of Barmbek with the St. Franziskus Church, whose municipality also includes the Dulsberg.

Judaism

Memorial plaque for the Barmbeck synagogue Schewes Achim in Gluckstrasse.

It is not known when Jews first moved to Barmbek. At the beginning of the 20th century there was a house synagogue on Hamburger Strasse. In 1920, the Hamburg Jewish Community opened the Schewes Achim synagogue on Gluckstrasse (German: Brüdereintracht). As with the major Christian denominations, the background was that the number of parishioners in Barmbek had increased significantly with increasing settlement and they no longer wanted to be expected to walk into the city (to the main synagogue on Bornplatz in the Grindelviertel ). In 1938 the building had to be sold under pressure from the ruling National Socialists and in 1943 it fell victim to the bombing war. The property is currently used by an evangelical free church.

economy

Until well into the 19th century, Barmbek was a typical farming village with a corresponding economic structure.

Mills

Atypical for a village of this size, Barmbek did not have its own mill for a long time, which, however, gave the farmers the advantage of not being forced to mill, but being able to choose their miller. However, it is assumed that there was a mill in the pre-documentary period. This is supported by old field names. The fields and meadows to be assigned to this mill can later be found at the lands of Hufe 7. It is unclear whether this farm emerged from the mill or whether the Hufner acquired the lands after the mill no longer existed. Only in 1769 was a windmill built on the Friedrichsberg, which burned down in 1864. Later, in the area of ​​today's Barmbek railway station, the two Barmbek bakers Köpke and Hass built another windmill, which also fell victim to the fire in 1888 and was then rebuilt as a steam mill at Bramfelder Straße 51 (there is now a specialist shop for Roof and facade requirements).

Craft

In the house built by Heinrich Dreckmann from 1901 to 1903 at Bramfelder Straße 108 there was a forge.

A blacksmith has been found in Barmbek since 1615. Hinrich Mildehöved, a farmer from the 10th farm, built a cottage on the market that he rented to a blacksmith. In 1649 the landlords bought this forge, which they also initially rented out and sold in 1766 to Hermann Ohle from Winterhude , whose descendants ran it until the end of the 19th century. Later blacksmiths were added in Haferkamp and - north of Osterbek - in Bramfelder Straße 108. There is now a plumbing shop on the latter property. From the end of the 17th century bakers were added, for example on the market, on Dehnhaide and on Hamburger Strasse. The baker Köpcke, who built the windmill on the site of today's Barmbeck train station in the 19th century, had lived there since 1799. The farmers had previously baked their own bread. Other trades also settled in the 18th century, such as a wheelwright (1727 on Bramfelder Strasse south of Osterbek), a tailor (1768 in the “Up den Stiegen” on the east side of Hamburger Strasse) or a shoemaker (1782 at Piece street).

Hospitality

With the increasing traffic, the need for catering and accommodation facilities also increased. In 1796 Peter Kramp bought a plot of land on Hufnerstrasse from his relative Hermann Kramp, who was then Vogt, in order to set up an inn. In 1801 , Claus Diedrich Hinsch from Poppenbüttel followed , who set up a restaurant on a plot of land by the bridge over the Osterbek, which was east of Bramfelder Strasse . Around the same time, Hans Joachim Behrmann, the owner of the 2nd farm, sold 230 square rods on the Friedrichsberg on the border with Wandsbek to a Mr. Timm, who set up an accommodation facility there, which soon became notorious as a luxury hostel and caused considerable difficulties for the hospital administration . Heinrich von Essen's zoo on Hamburger Strasse became the first large excursion restaurant in Barmbek after his death in 1833.

Dues and services

As is customary in other regions, the Hufner and Kätner had to pay taxes to the landlord, i.e. the hospital to the Holy Spirit . For the year 1528, when the college of the upper elders took over the administration of the hospital, five bushels of rye have been handed down as the standard delivery of the Barmbeker Hufner. Anyone who also had to deliver grain to the cathedral chapter or the Johanniskloster was burdened with a lower fee to the hospital. Later there were further changes. B. the 11th hoof in the 17th century issued a bushel for a longer period of time because of fire damage, while the Kätner Bade had to deliver a bushel instead of the 8th hoof because he was cultivating fields of these hooves. The last Barmbeker Vollhufner who still fulfilled this obligation in kind was Heinrich Dreckmann from the 12th Hufe until 1917. In addition, the Hufner and the Kätner had to deliver a goose to Martini every other year , which was given to the senior and certain employees of the senior College and the hospital. This duty was converted into a cash payment in 1671. A levy that non-farming households also had to pay was the smoked chicken, due annually . In addition, taxes were also due for additional land or for a newly constructed courtyard building. In 1620 the Hamburg town council levied a "Turkish tax" amounting to three marks courant for Hufner and one mark courant and eight shillings for kätner, which was also payable by the Barmbek people.

In addition to the taxes, peasants of both categories also had to do manual and clamping services. In the 16th century, for example, the peasantry had to drive 100 strands of oak and peat from the village to Rödingsmarkt , where the hospital was located. At the same time, they were also required to plow the Heiligengeistfeld , which at that time still comprised the area from Rödingsmarkt to the border to Altona, i.e. practically the entire northern Neustadt and parts of St. Pauli . This service - which was very stressful for the village - was converted into a cash payment as early as 1598, from which the hospital then paid Hamburg carters.

pronunciation

Despite the final consonants c and k in the original notation, the preceding vowel e is pronounced long, since the c is an elongated c . So the pronunciation is [ -ˈbeːk ].

Web links

Coordinates: 53 ° 34 ′ 58 ″  N , 10 ° 2 ′ 28 ″  E

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hans Dreckmann , The document of July 14, 1365 . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 15 f.
  2. ↑ Hans Dreckmann, From the limits . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 18 ff.
  3. ^ Henny Wiepking, 400 years of Uhlenhorst , Verlag des Uhlenhorster Bürgererverein, Hamburg 1958, pages 4 ff.
  4. ^ A b Hans Dreckmann, The oldest documents . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 13 ff.
  5. ^ Henny Wiepking, Prehistoric Finds on Barmbeks Feldmark . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 11 f.
  6. ↑ As far as the hooves are numbered in this article, the counting follows Jacob Ramborger's land book from 1767, which was later adopted by other authors. The hooves managed by the then reigning farmer bailiff Johann Hinsch is referred to as the first hoof, the other numbers follow the position around the village square clockwise.
  7. ↑ a b c d e The owners of the Barmbeker farms and the whereabouts of the Hufenland . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 39 ff.
  8. ↑ Hans Dreckmann, The division of the field mark with naming of the field names in the oldest spelling, In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 31 ff.
  9. ↑ On the legal dispute see in detail: Hans Dreckmann, Zwei Schwierige Hofüberzüge, In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 84 ff.
  10. ↑ Hans Dreckmann, The coupling . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 34 f.
  11. ↑ a b Hans Dreckmann, division of the common pasture . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, page 38.
  12. ↑ Johann Delekta, Habichthof - A pearl in the crown of the Dreckmann family , in: Der Barmbeker. Bulletin for Barmbek • North and Hamburg district , issue 9/2010, page 14 ff.
  13. ↑ Hans Dreckmann and Henny Wiepking, "Three Barmbeker Farmhouses". In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 93 ff.
  14. ↑ The dates and names are quoted from Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, page 39.
  15. ↑ Peter Timmermann is the only known bailiff to date who became a farmer's bailiff in Barmbek as a landlord and not as the owner.
  16. ↑ Heinrich Pein von der 10th Hufe had been at his side as an adjunct since 1750 .
  17. ↑ During the French period, Reese was also Maire der Mairie Barmbeck.
  18. ↑ Gabriele Franke, Reinhard Saloch and Dieter Thiele: Bauer Eggers' Linden are still standing. First Barmbek history tour , VSA-Verlag , Hamburg 1986, ISBN 3-87975-361-X
  19. ^ Adolf Diersen: From the history of the Hammer Dreifaltigkeitskirche , Holzminden 1957, p. 9.
  20. ↑ Hermann Funke, Memories of an Old Barmbeker. Childhood, apprenticeship, wandering . Issue No. 3 of Groschenblätter. Shavings from the Barmbek history workshop , Hamburg, 1990, page 5.
  21. ↑ Hans Dreckmann, mills in Barmbek . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 16 f.
  22. ↑ a b Hans Dreckmann, The individual properties before 1830 . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 86 ff.
  23. ↑ Ironically, in 1823, of all people, the innkeeper at the time, a former sergeant named Ernst, was appointed Barmbeck police servant, because “In ample practice he recognizes the personality and talent of so many of these individuals that he was drawn into the interests of the village community, here and even the people of Hamburg Police can be useful ”, quoted from Gustav Bolland , Die Polizei im alten Barmbek , in: Hamburgische Geschichts- und Heimatblätter, year 1934, pages 162 ff.
  24. ↑ a b Hans Dreckmann, The taxes of the Barmbeck farmers . In: Hans Dreckmann, Henny Wiepking, Walter Lüdemann: Barmbek. From the village to the big city. A home book. Dammtor-Verlag, Hamburg 1965, pages 89 ff.