Hospital St. Georg (Hamburg)

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St. Georg around 1720, copper engraving by Johann Balthasar Hempel (?), The hospital (C) is in the background to the left of the church

The St. Georgs Hospital in Hamburg was originally an asylum for leprosy sufferers, which was founded around 1200 outside the city walls of that time and named after St. George . Later it also took in other sick and needy people, was converted into a purely poor housing estate in the 17th century and existed in this form until 1951. Although it is eponymous for today's St. Georg district , it is not identical to the St. Georg General Hospital ( today Asklepios Klinik St. Georg ), which was only newly founded at the beginning of the 19th century.

history

The first documentary mention comes from the year 1220, when Albrecht von Orlamünde bequeathed three acres of land to the hospital "for perpetual possession". The foundation probably goes to Adolf III. von Holstein , who had participated in the 3rd Crusade , as a result of which the hitherto unknown disease had been introduced to Europe.

The hospital was located around today's St. Georgstrasse and was only connected to the city by a narrow alley, today's Spitalerstrasse . A regulation from 1296 issued by the council , hereditary citizenship and cathedral chapter stipulated, among other things, that the sick were not allowed to enter the city in order to protect the population from infection. A strip of land between the Lange Reihe and the Outer Alster belonged to the hospital , later extensive land holdings in Berne , Klein Borstel and Langenhorn were donated. The property was managed by tenants who had to transfer the income to the hospital. In the course of the Reformation it came under the patronage of the Hamburg Council and in 1830 was united with the rest of the Hamburg region to form the rulership of the Geestlande .

Since the 16th century, the hospital increasingly housed other sick, old and poor people. In 1564 a plague and poor cemetery was created, from which the stone gate cemeteries emerged around 1800 . In 1606 the last sick people were moved to the newly opened " Pesthaus " on Hamburger Berg in St. Pauli and the hospital building was henceforth used as a poor housing estate. In 1951 the hospital was abolished as an independent foundation, the last remaining building was demolished in 1973.

literature

  • Wolfgang Berger: The St. Georgs Hospital in Hamburg. The economic management of a medieval large household , Christians 1972, ISBN 3-7672-0192-5 .
  • Dieter Boedecker: The development of the Hamburg hospitals from the foundation of the city up to 1800 from a medical point of view, Kurt Heymann Verlag Hamburg 1977, p. 11–63.
  • Johann Balthasar Hempel: Detailed message from the H. Ritter Georgio, and what bears the name of him, but in particular from the Gestiffte St. Juergens near Hamburg , Hamburg 1722 ( full text online )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jürgen Karsten: Berne - Behren - Berne. A chronicle of its historical development . Hamburg 1996, p. 10 f .
  2. ^ Franklin Kopitzsch , Daniel Tilgner (ed.): Hamburg Lexikon. 4th, updated and expanded special edition. Ellert & Richter, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-8319-0373-3 , p. 645 f.

Coordinates: 53 ° 33 ′ 21.6 ″  N , 10 ° 0 ′ 27.6 ″  E