Hospital of the Holy Spirit (Hamburg)
The Hospital of the Holy Spirit ( domus sancti spiritus ) in Hamburg was originally a medieval inn for the poor and pilgrims and was one of the largest landowners in the region until the 19th century. After several moves and mergers, it is now based in the Poppenbüttel district and, with around 1,100 residents and 600 employees, is Hamburg's largest nursing home.
history
Hospital to the Holy Spirit
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The hospital was probably founded in the first third of the 13th century by citizens of the parish of St. Nikolai as a hostel for "passing pilgrims as well as sick, old and poor people". It was first mentioned in a document in 1247 on the occasion of the purchase of several Hufen land in the village of Eilbek east of the city . The hospital itself was located in the far west of the city near the city wall on the corner of Rödingsmarkt and Graskellerbrücke. ( Location ) It housed between 50 and 100 arms each.
The hospital's assets mainly consisted of donated and acquired property, including the Heiligengeistfeld in front of Millerntor acquired in 1393 , but also entire villages such as Barmbek , Eilbek or the area of today's Hohenfelde belonged to the hospital until the 19th century. It was administered in the Middle Ages by a provisional and two councilors, since the Reformation by the College of the Elderly , the church elders of the main Hamburg churches. In the course of the reorganization of the Hamburg rural area after the end of the French era , in 1830/31 the sovereign administration of the Hospitalland was initially transferred to the newly formed rulership of the Geestlande . In the following decades, the hospital gradually parted from the majority of its property under private law in order to use the proceeds for the construction of the Oberaltenstift on Mühlendamm .
In 1883 the hospital was moved from the city center to a new building designed by Hugo Stammann and Gustav Zinnow on Eilbeker Richardstraße, which was destroyed in 1943 during Allied air raids . ( Location ) The hospital building on Rödingsmarkt, built by Carl Ludwig Wimmel in 1835 , was used until 1906 by the Hamburg tax administration used, then demolished and replaced by the new building of the Oberfinanzdirektion by Albert Erbe , which has been preserved to this day . Today only the name of the Heiligengeistbrücke reminds of the original location.
Maria Magdalenen Monastery
The Maria Magdalenen Monastery of the Franciscan Order , founded in 1210, was founded in 1231 by Count Adolf IV of Holstein after, according to legend , he had made a corresponding vow against the Danish King Waldemar II in the Battle of Bornhöved in 1227 ; he himself entered this monastery in 1239 , was ordained a priest and from 1245 until his death in 1261 belonged to the Kiel monastery of the order. His youngest son Ludwig also became a Franciscan. The provincial chapter of the Saxon Franciscan Province ( Saxonia ), to which the convent belonged, met repeatedly in the Hamburg monastery , for example in 1281, 1386, 1406, 1463 and 1522. The boatmen's guild and 15 brotherhoods maintained lively contact with the Franciscans and had chapels and altars in the monastery church some of which they had donated. The respected Schonenfahrer Society celebrated regular services in the church, and numerous citizens were buried there.
At Easter 1523, the Rostock Franciscan Stephan Kempe , who was close to the Reformation of Martin Luther, preached in the monastery church . He met with approval from the population and was tolerated by his Hamburg confreres. In 1529 the brothers voluntarily handed over their monastery to the city after the council decided to dissolve all monasteries in Hamburg. The building passed into the administration of the senior elders and offered refuge to needy virgins and widows. The former Franciscans who remained in the monastery received a lifelong pension.
Until the 19th century, the monastery was located on the site of today's stock exchange on Adolphsplatz, named after the founder of the monastery. ( Location ) In 1839, it was first relocated to the Glockengießerwall near today's main station and in a classicist new building by Hamburg's first building director Carl Ludwig Wimmel housed. ( Location ) An inscription on the house Glockengießerwall 1 reminds of this temporary location. The buildings of the former Franciscan monastery were demolished in order to rebuild the stock exchange in 1839. After the construction of the Hamburg Central Station in 1901, the monastery moved into a building complex designed by Hugo Groothoff in Eilbek, in the immediate vicinity of the aforementioned new building of the Heilig Geist Hospital. ( Location ) Like this, the monastery was also destroyed in the Hamburg fire storm in 1943 .
The Franciscans returned to Hamburg in 1958 and founded the Franziskus-Kolleg , an international Catholic student residence, near the university . From 1970 they also worked for a number of years in the pastoral care of the parish of St. Marien in Altona.
Oberaltenstift
The Oberaltenstift on Mühlendamm in Hohenfelde was established in 1867-69 on the decision of the Oberaltenkollegium based on plans by Albrecht Rosengarten . Financed from the proceeds from the sale of the former hospital property, the four-wing building complex offered inexpensive living space for elderly couples and single people as well as for widows with children. It was also destroyed by bombs in 1943.
Today's hospital
After the three previous facilities had been completely destroyed in World War II, the first new buildings were erected in Poppenbüttel ( Lage ) from 1950 , and new buildings and extensions have been made since the 1970s. In the immediate vicinity there was also a nursing home run by the Altendank Foundation , which was founded in 1864 to mark the 100th anniversary of the Neue Sparcasse and which was merged with the hospital in 1988.
Today, the Hospital of the Holy Spirit Foundation with Oberalten-Stift, Marien-Magdalenen-Kloster and Altendank includes over 1000 care places in home and short-term care, assisted living and offers for dementia sufferers .
The chairmanship of the administrative board remains with the chairman of the senior council.
gallery
The Holy Spirit Church around 1800
The old hospital on Alsterfleet around 1880
New construction of the hospital in Eilbeker Richardstraße 85 around 1900, architects: Hugo Stammann and Gustav Zinnow
The old monastery in the city center 1837
The monastery church around 1800
Maria Magdalenen Monastery at Eilbeker Richardstrasse 77 (1901–1943), architect: Hugo Groothoff
Barmbeker history board on the Eilbekufer
The Oberaltenstift on Mühlendamm around 1910, architect: Albrecht Rosengarten
literature
- Matthias Gretzschel : Citizenship and charity. 775 years of the Hospital of the Holy Spirit. Convent Verlag, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-934613-36-5 .
- Frank Hatje : "In honor of God, for the best of poverty". Hospital of the Holy Spirit and Mary Magdalene Monastery in the history of Hamburg from the Middle Ages to the present. Convent Verlag, Hamburg 2002 ISBN 3-934613-47-0 .
- Dieter Boedecker: The development of the Hamburg hospitals from the foundation of the city until 1800 from a medical point of view, Kurt Heymann Verlag Hamburg 1977, pp. 64–111.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Hamburg-Lexikon , p. 353 f.
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^ Hans-Joachim Schmidt : Economy of the convents and relation to the population. In: Volker Honemann (Ed.): From the beginnings to the Reformation. Paderborn 2015, pp. 165–193, here p. 179.
On Adolf's vow: Volker Honemann: Franziskanische Geschistorschreibung . In: Volker Honemann (Ed.): From the beginnings to the Reformation. Paderborn 2015, pp. 730–844, here p. 767. - ^ Hans-Joachim Schmidt: Economy of the convents and relation to the population. In: Volker Honemann (Ed.): From the beginnings to the Reformation. Paderborn 2015, pp. 165–193, here p. 184.
- ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Werl 1999, p. 259.269.273.
- ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Werl 1999, p. 467.
- ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Werl 1999, p. 593.697.
- ↑ Hermann Hinrichsen: The past from Eilbek and Hohenfelde , M + K Hansa-Verlag Hamburg undated, p. 99 f.
- ↑ http://www.hzhg.de/impressum , accessed on March 3, 2014.
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