Lelewel Palace
Lelewel Palace on the left side of the street at the end
(center of the picture, in front of the building on the crossing Długa Street)
Palais Lelewel left side of the street at the end
(center of the picture, in front of the building on the crossing Długa Street)
The Palais Lelewel was built in 1755 by Ephraim Schröger on behalf of Constance Lölhöffel von Löwensprung born. Jauch built in the Rococo style in Warsaw . The palace was named according to the Polonized form of her name later used by Constance von Lölhöffel: Lelewel . The palace was on Miodowa Street, also called Pałacowa Street in the 18th century because of its palaces.
Previous buildings
Originally there was a wooden palace on the property that belonged to Krzysztof Gembicki († 1659). Gembicki was last castellan of Gniezno and voivode of Inowrocław . The building was destroyed by Swedish and Brandenburg troops during the Khmelnytskyi uprising . In 1662 the new owner Stanisław Razicki built a new wooden palace. The complex subsequently came into the possession of the voivode of Sieradz Aleksander Kazimierz Szembek (1682–1756). He had a new brick building built from 1739 to 1740, of which only the floor plan is included in the overall schematic plan that was preserved for later extensions. From him in 1752 the builder of the Lelewel Palace acquired the property that extended to Długa Street on the rear side.
extension
Schröger, who was probably chosen as the architect because he previously worked for Joachim Daniel Jauch in the Saxon Building Authority, built the front building and the wing structures in the courtyard for the client while retaining the existing corps de logis . The complex "was undoubtedly built on the model of Parisian hotels" ( cf. Hôtel particulier ), which were known from the engravings of the architectural works of Mariette (1727 or 1738) and JF Blondel (1752). Schröger made clever use of the irregularities of the floor plan in his planning. The designs for the interior were also preserved. A mural was planned for the back of the stairwell. The model of this wall decoration, which only deviates in details, was the staircase to the Apartment des Princes in the Palace of Versailles , which was probably known from an engraving in the third volume of Mariette's L'Architecture française in Warsaw, published in 1738 . The ingeniously designed street view initially remained a torso - the left courtyard building was only completed later by the architect Simon Gottlieb Zug (1733–1807) after Constance von Lölhöffel had sold the palace in 1787. Her husband had died in 1763.
Schematic overall plan
Street front
Right wing construction
Courtyard portals
Stairwell
Stairwell
room
There are numerous stylistic similarities with the Episcopal Palace in Skierniewice , which was also built by Schröger . These and additional historical studies justify the attribution of the Palais Lelewel to Ephraim Schröger. “In the drafts for the Palais Lelewel, an architect of high quality is revealed within the framework of the rococo style of the Saxon building authority, who mastered the difficult task with great skill and showed his independent inventiveness. Despite their different stylistic character due to the time they were created, the designs are entirely worthy of Schröger's later significant achievements. "
In terms of architectural history, the Lelewel Palace is interesting for the influences in Schröger's work, which he received at the Saxon Building Authority and from which he later developed into one of the most important early classical architects in Poland alongside Zug .
Remodeling and destruction
In 1787 the wealthy merchant Henryk Jarzewicz acquired the palace from Constance von Lölhöffel. He had the group of buildings completed by Simon Bogumil Zug according to Szreger's plans. It was redesigned in the neoclassical style. From 1850 to 1851, the individual parts of the building were fundamentally rebuilt for the Lesser family and structurally connected to one another. The construction of the Szembek Vojwoden was abandoned. The buildings were destroyed in the Second World War.
Builder
Constance Jauch (1722–1802) married the Royal Polish Councilor and personal physician to King August III in Warsaw in 1741 . , Heinrich Lölhöffel von Löwensprung (1705–1763). She was the daughter of Joachim Daniel von Jauch (1688–1754), who as electoral Saxon major general, royal Polish colonel and director of the Saxon Building Department in Warsaw had accumulated a considerable fortune and bequeathed it to his only daughter.
See also
Literature and Sources
- Walter Hentschel: The Saxon architecture of the 18th century in Poland , text volume, Berlin 1967, p. 425ff; Photo book, Berlin 1967, fig. 578ff
- Stanislaw Lorentz: The Architect of the Visitinerinnen in the years 1754–1762 (Polish: Architect PP Wizytek z lat 1754–1762 ), in: Biuletyn Historii Sztuki 21, 1959, pp. 376–383
Web links
- Miodowa Street in Warsaw (Polish)
- Długa Street in Warsaw (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Krzysztof Gembicki ( Memento of the original dated December 6, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Aleksander Kazimierz Szembek ( Memento of the original dated December 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Miodowa 21/23
- ^ Walter Hentschel: The Saxon architecture of the 18th century in Poland. Textband, Berlin 1967, p. 426
- ↑ Hentschel, p. 430
- ↑ Miodowa 21/23 with illustration of the state of the building in 1939
Coordinates: 52 ° 14 ′ 54.6 ″ N , 21 ° 0 ′ 22.3 ″ E