Johann Friedrich Knöbel

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Representation of the Saxon Garden in Warsaw after Knöbel, 1763
The Brühl Palace in Młociny near Warsaw
Reinhardtsgrimma Castle near Dresden (built 1765/67)

Johann Friedrich Knöbel ; Polish: Jan Fryderyk Knöbel (born June 14, 1724 in Dresden ; † September 26, 1792 ibid) was a German architect who worked mainly in Dresden and Warsaw . He was a representative of the Saxon Baroque style and developed this style further in Warsaw.

Life

Knöbel was born on June 14th, 1724 (according to other sources he was born on June 10th or 11th and was baptized on June 14th). His father was a parchment maker . From 1739 he was trained under Johann Christoph Knöffel , later also under the French Zacharias Longuelune . In 1750 he took up a position as a conductor at the Dresden Oberbauamt. Around the same time he married Christiana Charlotta (called Clara); his eldest son Julius Friedrich Knöbel was born in Dresden in 1753. The couple had four more children. A granddaughter of Knöbel, Juliane Adelheid († 1844), was the wife of the clergyman Martin Stephan . Her son Martin Stephan (Knöbel's great-grandson) emigrated to Missouri in 1838 with what is probably the largest evangelical emigration movement of the 19th century, organized and led by his father of the same name (where the “Apostolic Lutheran Episcopal Church of Stephansburg” was founded with the 665 emigrants) Returned to Dresden in 1840, studied architecture here until 1844 and returned to the USA in 1847.

In 1753 Knöbel went to Warsaw as a master builder . There he initially supported the then director of the Polish-Saxon building authority in Warsaw, Joachim Daniel von Jauch . After Jauch's death in 1755, he took over his post (also: "Oberbauamtskonduktor") and remained in this position until the end of Saxon rule in Poland. One of Knöbel's important clients was Heinrich von Brühl , for whom he (at the beginning still together with Jauch) carried out modifications to the Brühl city palace and built the rural palace in Młociny . He was also responsible for the construction of the Laurentius Church in the Warsaw district of Wola . Knöbel further developed Knöffel's Rococo style in Poland, which is particularly evident in the work to complete the Grodno Castle (construction of the chapel) and in many details of the no longer existing Brühl Palace in Warsaw (e.g. on the wings of the courtyard of honor and the gate) was recognizable.

In 1765 Knöbel returned to Dresden. There he became a royal architect and master builder; as a member of the main building commission, he influenced the architectural design of many buildings. He designed the building of the Dresden Gewandhaus together with Johann George Schmidt . Two days before his death, he asked for his recall because of his health.

Buildings (selection)

  • Park in place of today's Ulica Foksal in Warsaw
  • Additions to the New Castle in Grodno (1752)
  • Laurentius Church on Ulica Wolska 140a in Warsaw (construction completed in 1755)
  • Brühl Palace in Młociny (1752–1758)
  • Reconstruction of the Brühl Palace in Warsaw (1754–1759)
  • Reinhardtsgrimma Castle with English Park (1765–1767)
  • Dresden Gewandhaus (1768–1770)
  • Construction of the (no longer existing) castle in Berreuth

literature

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b c d e acc. Thomas Bottle, Johann Friedrich Knöbel ( Memento of the original from February 6, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 1.6 MB) in the Grimmschen Heimatblatt , issue 5, Heimatverein Reinhardtsgrimma e. V. (Ed.), Reinhardtsgrimma 2010  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.reinhardtsgrimma.de
  2. ↑ a b c according to Ekhart Berckenhagen, Architectural Drawings, 1479–1979: from 400 European and American architects from the holdings of the Berlin Library. Catalog for the exhibition in the special exhibition hall of the State Museums in Berlin-Dahlem in 1979 and for the exhibition in the Kunstgewerbemuseum Cologne (Overstolzenhaus) 1980, volume 84 of the publications of the Berlin Art Library , Die Bibliothek, 1980
  3. ↑ Julius Friedrich Knöbel (1753–1818) grew up in Warsaw and in 1777 - like his father - became court conductor in Dresden.
  4. ↑ Renate Schönfuß-Krause: Cross addiction became cross curse (t). The emigration of Saxon Old Lutherans - between utopia and reality. Part I . In: Altenburg History and House Calendar 2018 . E. Reinhold Verlag , Altenburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-95755-033-0 .
  5. ↑ according to Hermann Aubin, Otto Brunner, Wolfgang Kohte, Deutsche Ostforschung: Results and Tasks since the First World War , Volume 20, S. Hirzel, 1942
  6. ↑ according to Rex Rexheuser (Ed.), The Personnel Unions of Saxony-Poland 1697–1763 and Hanover-England 1714–1837. A comparison , with the support of the German Historical Institute in Warsaw , ISBN 3-447-05168-X , Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2005, p. 195
  7. ↑ according to Viktor Kauder, Kurt Lück (red.), German-Polish neighborhood , issue 178 of the publications of the Göttingen working group , issue 3, Holzner, 1957

Web links

Commons : Johann Friedrich Knöbel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Knöbel, Johann Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Knöbel, Jan Fryderyk
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Saxon architect
DATE OF BIRTH June 14, 1724
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH September 26, 1792
Place of death Dresden