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Calendar overview 1724
Map with all linked sites: | 1724 | |
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 Leipzig's Nikolaikirche . |
 the name Benedict XIII. on. |
| 1724 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 1172/73 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1716/17 (turn of the year 10/11 September) |
| Bengali solar calendar | 1129/1130 (beginning of April 14th or 15th) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2267/68 (southern Buddhism); 2266/67 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 73rd (74th) cycle
Year of the wood dragon甲辰 ( at the beginning of the year water rabbit 癸卯) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 1086/87 (turn of the year April) |
| Dangun era (Korea) | 4057/58 (October 2/3) |
| Iranian calendar | 1102/03 |
| Islamic calendar | 1136/37 (turn of the year 19/20 September) |
| Jewish calendar | 5484/85 (September 17-18) |
| Coptic calendar | 1440/41 (September 10-11) |
| Malayalam calendar | 899/900 |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 2034/35 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 2035/36 (turn of the year October) |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1780/81 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Southern and Western Europe
- January 14 : King Philip V of Spain thanks - perhaps in the expectation that the French crown could be free - in favor of his 16-year-old son Louis from that but already on August 31 to the smallpox dies. Philipp then takes over the crown again. As a result, he suffers from depression.
Holy Roman Empire
- May 15 : Maximilian II. Emanuel of Bavaria , Joseph Karl von Pfalz-Sulzbach , Hereditary Prince of the Electoral Palatinate , Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg , Archbishop of Trier , and Clemens August I of Bavaria , Archbishop of Cologne , found the Catholic Wittelsbach House Union . Maximilian's sons, Duke Ferdinand Maria and Johann Theodor von Bayern, Bishop of Regensburg, are also involved in the union. In it, the mutual succession in the Wittelsbach houses, the joint leadership of the imperial vicariate and details of its administration and - in the event of war - the formation of a joint army of 30,000 men are decided. This alliance, which represents a total of four votes , temporarily forms a southern German counterweight to the House of Habsburg .
- The Codex Augusteus , an important and influential collection of the laws of the Electorate of Saxony because of its size and reliability , is published in Leipzig . The editor, the lawyer and the Leipzig town clerk Johann Christian Lünig has this collection of laws "commercial appeal" in honor of Elector Friedrich August I named. The first, two-volume edition covered the period from 1255 to 1724. The work is still important for the legal history of Electoral Saxony today .
- Elector Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia makes a new division of the district in Pomerania . Among other things, the district of Rummelsburg i. Pom. founded.
Poland
- July 16 : Rioting by the citizens of Thorner under the leadership of Mayor Johann Gottfried Rösner against the Jesuit college in the Prussian royal part is punished by the Polish government with 14 death sentences and the displacement of Protestant fellow citizens. The Thorner blood court of December 7th caused a sensation in Europe.
Russia / Ottoman Empire / Persia
- May 7th : Peter I crowns his second wife Katharina as Russian tsarina and appoints her co-regent.
- June 23 : Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Constantinople , with which they recognize their respective territorial gains in the wake of the Russo-Persian War and the subsequent invasion of Persia by the Ottomans .
- In the summer there is a deep rift between Catherine and the Tsar. Katharina's chamberlain and asset manager Willem Mons , with whom she may have had a sexual relationship , was officially beheaded on November 27 for bribery and embezzlement, his severed head allegedly placed on Katharina's work table. The imperial couple finally reconciled at least externally.
- Peter the Great falls seriously ill with bladder and kidney disease with liver atropia after wading through ice-cold water on November 5 to rescue shipwrecked sailors. At the end of the year, it became clear that he would not survive the disease.
economy
- May 9th : King Friedrich Wilhelm I orders that “in front of and on the bridges over the Spree near the residences no raft Holtz nor large ship vessels should be laid” .
- September 24th : The Paris Stock Exchange is founded.
- In the French city of Cognac , the winemaker Rémy Martin founded the house of the same name for cognac production.
- The Haller Löwenbräu is founded in Schwäbisch Hall in Hohenlohe .
science and technology
- January 28 : The Russian Academy of Sciences and today's St. Petersburg State University , the first university in Russia , are founded by Peter I by ukase with headquarters in St. Petersburg .
- May 9th : In the presence of the Cologne Elector Clemens August as Prince-Bishop of Münster and his court state, the construction of the Münster Canal towards the Netherlands begins in the children's house near Münster .
Culture
literature
- April 1 : Jonathan Swift publishes Drapiers Letters .
- The Patriot , an important moral weekly , appears in the first year in Hamburg.
Music and theater
- January 14th : The world premiere of the drama Il Vespasiano by Attilio Ariosti takes place at the King's Theater in London.
- February 1 : Pietro Metastasio's libretto Didone abbandonata is performed for the first time in Naples in the setting by Domenico Sarro . The work, dedicated to Viceroy Michael Friedrich von Althann , was set to music over 60 times by the 19th century. Maria Anna Benti and Nicolo Grimaldi will sing the main roles at the premiere.
- February 20 : Giulio Cesare in Egitto , an Italian opera by Georg Friedrich Handel with the libretto by Nicola Francesco Haym , is successfully premiered at the King's Theater in London's Haymarket. The mezzo-soprano Senesino sings the title role, Cleopatra is played by Francesca Cuzzoni . Margherita Durastanti , Gaetano Berenstadt and Giuseppe Maria Boschi also sing .
- April 7th : The world premiere of the St. John Passion by Johann Sebastian Bach takes place on Good Friday in the Nikolaikirche in Leipzig.
- April 18th : The world premiere of the opera Calphurnia by Giovanni Battista Bononcini takes place at the King's Theater in London.
- May 18th : The church cantata Whoever believes and is baptized by Johann Sebastian Bach will be premiered on the occasion of the feast of Ascension in Leipzig.
- August 28 : The world premiere of Antonio Caldara's opera Andromaca takes place at the Teatro della Favorita in Vienna.
- October 29th : The church cantata Out of deep need I scream to you by Johann Sebastian Bach has its world premiere under the direction of the composer in Leipzig. It is based on 200 years earlier incurred hymn of the same name by Martin Luther .
- October 31 : The world premiere of the opera Tamerlano by Georg Friedrich Handel takes place at the King's Theater in London. The libretto for this opera seria by Handel is also by Nicola Francesco Haym.
- November 4th : World premiere of the opera Gianguir, imperatore del Mogol by Antonio Caldara at the Hoftheater in Vienna
- December 9th : Premiere of Colley Cibbers Caesar in Egypt
- December 26th : Tommaso Albinoni's setting of Metastasios Didone abbandonata is premiered at the Teatro San Cassiano in Venice .
Others
- The potato is of Jonas Alströmer in Sweden introduced.
- The white ash from America is imported into Europe.
society
- July 13 : Auguste Marie Johanna von Baden-Baden marries Duke Ludwig I of Orléans and becomes Duchess of Orléans as Jeanne de Bade .
- November 1st : As a result of the losses in the War of the Spanish Succession, the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm I donated the Great Military Orphanage as an education and training facility for soldiers' children and military orphans.
- December 24th : Benjamin Franklin arrives in London to buy what he needs to set up his own print shop.
- The 16-year-old Hereditary Prince Franz Stephan of Lorraine comes to the Austrian court of Charles VI. where it should receive the final educational and social polish. Here he becomes the emperor's constant hunting companion and meets Princess Maria Theresa of Austria .
religion
- February 12th : The Wendish seminar for the training of young Catholic priests in Upper Lusatia is founded.
- March 20th : The conclave 1724 for the election of the successor of Pope Innocent XIII , who died on March 7th . meets in the Vatican.
- May 29th : Pietro Francesco Orsini is elected Pope after 71 days of conclave and takes the name Benedict XIII. on. The enthronement takes place on June 4th .
- The Brunnen monastery is founded near Endorf .
- The Romanian Orthodox Stavropoleos Monastery in Bucharest is founded. It was built in the Brâncoveanu style by the Greek monk Ioanichie Stratonikeas and is now considered one of the most beautiful and important architectural monuments in the Romanian capital.
- The German printer Johann Christoph Sauer emigrated to America, where he later published the first Bible in German.
Disasters
- Extreme drought in Switzerland from March to June: The Emme has dried up, mills are shut down, springs dry up.
- When the city fire in Balingen in winter, 272 families are homeless.
- During the great city fire in Hollfeld , the entire upper city and the old rectory were cremated.
nature and environment
- May 17 : A physical explosion occurs west of the Krafla volcano in Iceland . The force of the collision of magma and groundwater causes a crater 320 meters in diameter. The eruptions of the volcano continued until 1729 .
- May 22nd : Total solar eclipse in Switzerland and southern Germany.
Born
First half of the year
- January 3 : Franz Singer , Austrian master builder († 1789 )
- January 7 : Friedrich Wilhelm Pestel , legal scholar († 1805 )
- January 7th : Wichard von Möllendorff , Prussian Field Marshal General († 1816 )
- January 9 : Wilhelm Graf zu Schaumburg-Lippe , Army Commander in the Seven Years War († 1777 )
- January 15 : Friedrich Adam Widder , German mathematician († 1784 )
- January 16 : Per Krafft the Elder , Swedish painter († 1793 )
- January 20 : Philippe-Henri de Ségur , French general and minister († 1801 )
- February 16 : Christian Ludwig Stieglitz , German lawyer, councilor and mineral collector († 1772 )
- February 26 : Gottfried Heinrich Bach , the first-born son from Johann Sebastian Bach's second marriage to Anna Magdalena Wilcke († 1763 )
- February 27 : Levin Gideon Friedrich von Apenburg , Prussian cavalry officer († 1794 )
- February 27 : Friedrich Michael , Imperial Field Marshal, Count Palatine and Duke of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld and Count of Rappoltstein († 1767 )
- March 3 : Franz Xaver Karl Palko , German history and portrait painter and etcher († 1767 )
- March 6 : Henry Laurens , American businessman and political leader in the American War of Independence († 1792 )
- March 7 : Joseph Benda , Bohemian-German musician († 1804 )
- March 8 : Ernst Friedrich , Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld († 1800 )
- March 12 : Benedict Strauch , German educator and Catholic theologian († 1803 )
- March 18 : Dionysius van de Wijnpersse , Dutch Reformed theologian and philosopher († 1808 )
- March 24th : Adrian Andreas Pfannenschmidt , German entrepreneur († 1790 )
- March 24th : Wilhelm Heinrich Schultze , German Protestant clergyman († 1790 )
- March 26 : Christiana Regina Hetzer , first landlady of the Gohliser Schlösschen in Leipzig († 1780 )
- March 29 : Friedrich Christoph Schmincke , German librarian and historian († 1795 )
- March 30th : Jacob Albrecht von Sienen , German Mayor († 1800 )
- April 5 : Maria Amalia , Archduchess of Austria († 1730 )
- April 15 : Frederick VI. , Landgrave of Hessen-Homburg († 1751 )
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- April 22 : Immanuel Kant , German philosopher († 1804 )
- April 24th : Philipp von Westphalen , confidante and employee of Duke Ferdinand of Braunschweig († 1792 )
- May 6 : Georg Christian Adler , German preacher, author and archaeologist († 1804 )
- May 7 : Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser , Austrian field marshal († 1797 )
- May 22nd : Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne , French explorer († 1772 )
- June 7 : Franz Anton Maulbertsch , also Maulpertsch, Austrian painter († 1796 )
- June 8 : John Smeaton , English engineer († 1792 )
- June 14 : Johann Friedrich Knöbel , German architect and builder active in Dresden and Warsaw († 1792 )
- June 15 : Maria Franziska von Pfalz-Sulzbach , Countess Palatine and Duchess of Birkenfeld († 1794 )
- June 30 : Johann Julius Walbaum , German doctor and naturalist († 1799 )
Second half of the year
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- July 2 : Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock , German author and poet († 1803 )
- July 13 : Heinrich Carl von Schimmelmann , German politician († 1782 )
- July 17 : Paulus Mako , Hungarian Jesuit and university professor († 1793 )
- July 18 : Maria Antonia von Bayern , art patron and composer, painter and poet († 1780 )
- August 16 : Marcantonio Colonna , Italian bishop and cardinal († 1793 )
- August 17 : Gottlieb Friedrich Riedel , German painter and engraver († 1784 )
- August 23 Abraham Yates , American lawyer and politician († 1796 )
- August 25 : George Stubbs , English painter and scientist († 1806 )
- August 26 : Johann Philipp Jakob von Horn-Goldschmidt , Vicar General in Cologne († 1796 )
- August 29 : Friedrich Wilhelm Gottfried Arnd von Kleist , Prussian major general († 1767 )
- August 29 : Giambattista Casti , Italian poet and satirist († 1803 )
- August 30 : Wolfgang Ferdinand von Dörnberg , Prussian Minister of Justice († 1793 )
- September 3 : Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester , British general, governor of the province of Québec († 1808 )
- September 5 : Adam Gottlob Schirach , Sorbian pastor, physics theologist and writer († 1773 )
- September 11th : Johann Bernhard Basedow , German educator and writer († 1790 )
- September 27 : Anton Friedrich Büsching , German geographer († 1793 )
- October 8 : Johann Cassar , Austrian master stonemason and sculptor († after 1785)
- October 12 : Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood , British Admiral († 1816 )
- October 17 : Johann Siegfried Hufnagel , German pastor and entomologist († 1795 )
- November 18 : Johannes Daniël van Lennep , Dutch philologist († 1771 )
- November 18 : Johann Georg Schulthess , Swiss clergyman († 1804 )
- November 20 : Noël Lemire , French engraver († 1801 )
- November 24th : Maria Amalia of Saxony , first Queen of Naples and Sicily, then Queen of Spain († 1760 )
- November 24th : Vincenzo Maria Altieri , Cardinal of the Catholic Church († 1800 )
- December 1 : Dismas Hataš , Czech composer († 1777 )
- December 10 : Giacomo Maria Brignole , last doge of the Republic of Genoa († 1801 )
- December 10 : Karl Theodor , Elector Palatinate († 1799 )
- December 13 : Franz Ulrich Theodor Aepinus , astronomer, mathematician, physicist and natural philosopher († 1802 )
- December 17th : Johann Gerhard Reinhard Andreae , natural scientist, chemist and court pharmacist in Hanover († 1793 )
- December 20 : Johann Nikolaus Seip , German Lutheran theologian († 1789 )
- December 24th : Johann Conrad Ammann , Swiss doctor, natural history and art collector († 1811 )
- December 25th : John Michell , English natural philosopher and geologist († 1793 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Jean d'Arcet , French chemist († 1801 )
- John Thomas , American doctor and major general († 1776 )
- Johann Hinrich Klapmeyer , organ builder († 1792 )
Died
January to April
- January 2 : Anselm Schnaus , Abbot of the Waldsassen Monastery (* 1670 )
- January 5 : Polycarp Marci , German lawyer and librettist (* 1654 )
- January 12 : Daniel Müller , lawyer and mayor of Lübeck (* 1661 )
- January 26th : Wolferdus Senguerdius , Dutch natural philosopher (* 1646 )
- February 3 : Innocent Metz , Bavarian Benedictine and painter (* around 1640 )
- February 5 : Mary Cowper , English lady-in-waiting and diary writer (* 1685 )
- March 4 : Eleonore Juliane von Brandenburg-Ansbach , Duchess of Württemberg-Winnental (* 1663 )
- March 7th : Michelangelo Conti di Poli, under the name of Innocent XIII. Pope (* 1655 )
- March 8 : Enrico Zuccalli , actually Johann Heinrich Zuccalli, Swiss architect and builder (* 1642 )
- March 9 : Ernst Friedrich I , Duke of Saxony-Hildburghausen (* 1681 )
- March 10 : Urban Hjärne , Swedish doctor, alchemist, geologist, writer and naturalist (* 1641 )
- March 12 : François-Louis de Clermont-Tonnerre , Bishop of Langres (* around 1666 )
- March 15 : Maria Johanna von Savoyen , Duchess of Savoyen, Countess of Geneva and regent (* 1644 )
- March 19 : Johanna Eleonora Petersen , German theological writer and one of the leading figures of radical Pietism (* 1644 )
- March 19 : Johann Christian Thomae , German historian (* 1668 )
- March 22nd : Joseph Bernhard , Hereditary Prince of Saxony-Meiningen (* 1706 )
- March 25th : Lemle Moses Reinganum , "court Jew" from the Palatinate (* 1666 )
- March 31 : Sophia von Sachsen-Weißenfels , Princess of Anhalt-Zerbst (* 1654 )
- April 4 : Michael Förtsch , German Lutheran theologian (* 1654 )
- April 22nd : Theodor Zwinger III. , Basel physician (* 1658 )
May to August
- May 21 : Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Mortimer , British politician (* 1661 )
- May 21 : Antonio Salvi , Italian librettist (* 1664 )
- May 28 : Michael Butterfield , English manufacturer of scientific instruments in Paris (* 1635 )
- before 7 June: Johann Hugo von Wilderer , German composer (* 1670 / 71 )
- June 17th : Benedetto Luti , Italian painter (* 1666 )
- June 22nd : Johann Theile , German composer, music teacher and conductor (* 1646 )
- June: John Barnwell , Irish colonist and settler in South Carolina, later representative of the Colony of South Carolina (* 1671 )
- before July 1st: Hermann Hövel , Mayor of Arnsberg (* 1644 )
- July 1 : Johann Baptist Homann , German cartographer, publisher and engraver (* 1664 )
- July 11th : Delarivier Manley , English author (* around 1663 )
- August 8 : Christoph Ludwig Agricola , German landscape painter (* 1665 )
- August 18 : Johann Philipp Franz von Schönborn , Prince-Bishop of Würzburg (* 1673 )
- August 20 : Antonio Francesco Peruzzini , Italian landscape painter (* 1643 or 1646 )
- August 23 : Sébastien Rasles , French lexicographer and Jesuit missionary with the Abenaki in North America (* 1657 )
- August 24 : Andreas Kneller , German composer (* 1649 )
- August 31 : Ludwig I , King of Spain (* 1707 )
September to December
- September 17th : Glikl bas Judah Leib , German merchant (* 1646 )
- September 20 : Ayuki , Khan of the Kalmyks on the Volga (* 1642 )
- September 20 : David von Krafft , Swedish painter (* 1655 )
- September 20 : Gurdon Saltonstall , Governor of the Colony of Connecticut (* 1666 )
- September 21 : Wilhelm II , Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg (* 1670 )
- October 2 : François-Timoléon de Choisy , French writer (* 1644 )
- October 2 : Nicolaus Wilckens , German lawyer and archivist (* 1676 )
- October 9 or 17 : Giovanni Battista Camessina , master builder and architect from the Grisons in Eichstätt (* 1642 )
- October 18 : Johann Osiander , German philologist, diplomat and Lutheran theologian (* 1657 )
- October 18 : Johann Leopold Donat von Trautson , Reichsgraf von Falkenstein, Baron zu Sprechenstein, educator, chamberlain and chief steward of Joseph I (* 1659 )
- October 26 : Johann Siegmund von Heyden , Prussian general of the cavalry, governor of Lippstadt and Drost zu Wetter, hereditary lord zu Bruch, Rhade, Lichtenwörde, Oedendael, Cliff and Crudenburg (* 1641 )
- October 27 : Leonard Goudhaire , Walloon master stonemason
- October 29 : William Wollaston , English philosopher (* 1659 )
- October 30 : Mary of Lorraine , Princess of Monaco (* 1674 )
- November 16 : Jack Sheppard , English robber, burglar and escapee (* 1702 )
- November 18 : Bartolomeu de Gusmão , Portuguese Jesuit priest, scientist and inventor in Brazil (* 1685 )
- November 24th : Ernst Ludwig I , Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (* 1672 )
- December 16 : Margarete von Rohr , German nobleman
- December 22nd : Johann Christoph Ettner , German physician and novelist (* 1654 )
- December 25th : Franz Konrad von Reinach , Knight of the Teutonic Order
- December 25th : William Trent , Scottish colonist and slave trader in New Jersey
Exact date of death unknown
- John Abell , Scottish composer and lutenist (* 1652 )
- Johann Konrad Ammann , Swiss doctor and teacher for the deaf (* 1669 )
- Guglielmo Borremans , Flemish painter in Campania, Calabria and Sicily (* 1672 )
- Henry Kelsey , English fur trader, sailor and explorer (* around 1667 )
- Daniel Quare , English watchmaker (* 1648 )
- Pietro Giacomo Rogeri , Italian violin maker (* 1665 )
- Franz Werner Tamm , German painter of the Baroque period (* 1658 )
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