20th of December

The December 20 is the 354th day of the Gregorian calendar (the 355th in leap years ), thus remain 11 days by year end.

Historic anniversaries November · December · January

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events

Politics and world events

• 0069: In the year of the four emperors in Rome, Aulus Vitellius is chased out of the imperial office by Marcus Antonius Primus, brought before the people, killed and thrown into the Tiber . This makes Vespasian the undisputed ruler of the Roman Empire .
• 1046: The of King Heinrich III. convened Synod of Sutri begins. Pope Gregory VI has the opportunity to defend himself against the allegation of simony .

1256: Alamut is captured (picture from around 1430)

• 1256: An army of the Mongols under their Khan Hülegü takes the mountain fortress of Alamut after a siege of several weeks . With the loss of the Assassin's headquarters , the rule of this Ismaili group in Persia ends .
• 1626: Previously held in check by Wallenstein's troops, Gábor Bethlen , Prince of Transylvania , comes to an agreement with Emperor Ferdinand II after his campaign during the Thirty Years' War in the Peace of Pressburg .
• 1658: Sweden and Russia join the ceasefire agreement of Valiesar , allowed to keep the conquered territories he for three years after Russia. The formal end of the Russo-Swedish War did not take place until July 1, 1661 through the Peace of Kardis .
• 1712: In the Great Northern War , the Swedes defeat a Danish-Saxon army in the Battle of Gadebusch .
• 1803: France hands New Orleans over to the USA as part of the Louisiana Purchase .
• 1806: The Saxon Elector Friedrich August III. is proclaimed king and ruled from now on as Frederick Augustus I , the Kingdom of Saxony .
• 1808: French troops begin the second siege of Zaragoza during the Napoleonic Wars on the Iberian Peninsula .

1821: Monument to the National Assembly

• 1821: The first Greek National Assembly takes place in Nea Epidavros in the course of the Greek Revolution against the Ottoman Empire .
• 1830: In London Protocol , the European powers recognized by the Belgian Revolution , the independence of Belgium , but require strict neutrality of the country.
• 1838: The Boers reach the Zulu capital of Umgungundlovu , which was destroyed by the Zulu King Dingane .
• 1841: The Quintuple Treaty is signed in London , which aims to suppress the slave trade . While Great Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia subsequently ratify the treaty , this does not happen in France.
• 1860: South Carolina becomes the first state to fall away from the USA and gives rise to the formation of the Confederate States of America .
• 1873: With the constitution- amending Lex Miquel-Lasker , the German Empire receives state legislative competence over civil law .
• 1907: At the end of the Central American Peace Conference in Washington DC, Nicaragua , Costa Rica , El Salvador , Honduras and Guatemala agreed to establish the Central American Court of Justice , the first international court in legal history . Nicaragua's contractual withdrawal later ended the existence of the court in 1918.
• 1917: Felix Edmundowitsch Dzerzhinsky founds the Extraordinary All-Russian Commission for Combating Counterrevolution, Speculation and Sabotage ( Cheka ), Russia's first Bolshevik secret police , on behalf of Lenin .
• 1922: Cooperative member Stanisław Wojciechowski is elected second President of the Republic of Poland by the National Assembly . The first president, Gabriel Narutowicz , who was elected on December 9, 1922, was murdered by the fanatic Eligiusz Niewiadomski on December 16 after a smear campaign by the nationalist press .
• 1924: Adolf Hitler is released early from custody in Landsberg after his attempted coup .
• 1934: The law against insidious attacks on the state and the party and for the protection of party uniforms made the improper use of badges and party uniforms a criminal offense. It also restricts the right to freedom of expression .
• 1946: Christian Stock of the SPD becomes the first Prime Minister in Hesse .
• 1947: The democratically elected CDU party executive in the Soviet occupation zone is removed from the SMAD . The Union is changing into a bloc party .
• 1961: The first free elections take place in the Dominican Republic .
• 1963: In Frankfurt is the first Auschwitz trial opened against 22 defendants.

1971: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

• 1971: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto becomes President of Pakistan and initiates a careful democratization of the country .
• 1971: The two humanitarian organizations of young French doctors, Groupe d'Intervention Médicale et Chirurgicale en Urgence and Secours Médical Français , merge to form Médecins Sans Frontières . The organization provides emergency medical aid in crisis and war zones.
• 1973: A bomb attack of ETA comes Spanish Prime Minister Luis Carrero Blanco in Madrid killed.
• 1989: Operation Just Cause : US invasion troops march into Panama with the sole aim of arresting the ruler Manuel Noriega , who is involved in drug trafficking . This can elude immediate access and can go underground in the Vatican embassy.
• 1990: The first Bundestag elected for all of Germany meets for its constituent session in Berlin after reunification .
• 1999: Portugal returns the colony of Macau , which has been inhabited by the Portuguese for a good 450 years and occupied for 150 years, to the People's Republic of China .
• 2004: The German-Russian consultations between Vladimir Putin and Gerhard Schröder begin in Hamburg .
• 2007: In a speech in honor of the victims of the Sinti and Roma , the President of the German Federal Council, Ole von Beust, also commemorates the members of the independent group of Yeniche and other travelers for the first time .
• 2012: The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda sentenced former Rwandan Planning Minister Augustin Ngirabatware to 35 years in prison for his involvement in the genocide of the Tutsi .

business

1870: Cape Blanco Lighthouse

• 1870: At the westernmost point of the US state of Oregon is on the Pacific coast of Lighthouse Cape Blanco Lighthouse commissioned.
• 1924: With the Schilling Billing Act for currency reform in Austria , the replacement of the crown by the Schilling is resolved and this is finally introduced on March 1, 1925.

Frankfurt 1945

• 1945: The provisionally appointed mayor of Frankfurt , Kurt Blaum , issues the rubble confiscation order for the confiscation of all building rubble that has accrued in the Frankfurt city area. This means that the rubble recycling company founded by the city of Frankfurt am Main , the construction companies Philipp Holzmann , Wayss & Freytag , the metal company and its subsidiary Lurgi can start work.
• 1955: The Federal Republic of Germany concludes the first so-called recruitment agreement with Italy for the recruitment and placement of Italian workers ( guest workers ). Further contracts with Spain , Greece , Turkey , Portugal , Tunisia , Morocco and Yugoslavia followed until 1968 .
• 1956: Genex is founded by order of the GDR government . Citizens of the Federal Republic of Germany can send goods from a gift catalog their relatives in other German part of it in German marks to pay. The GDR opened up a source of foreign currency.

science and technology

• 1910: Ernest Rutherford is able to provide experimental evidence of atomic nuclei when helium atoms change their orbit when crossing thin metal foils.

The four light bulbs on December 20, 1951

• 1951: In the research reactor EBR-1 ( Experimental Breeder Reactor I ) in Arco , Idaho, USA, nuclear power generation succeeds for the first time . The system's output is sufficient on the first day to provide electricity for four light bulbs. From the second day onwards, the amount of electricity is sufficient for personal use and for research purposes.
• 1957: The European Nuclear Energy Agency is founded to develop a joint nuclear research program for European countries.
• 1994: Intel announces a comprehensive exchange program for Pentium CPUs affected by the FDIV bug .

1999: ACRIMSat

• 1999: NASA launches as part of the Earth Observing System of the satellite ACRIMSat and brings him to the study of energy radiation from the sun in a sun-synchronous orbit .

Culture

1483: Page of the Dialogus creaturarum

• 1483: Johann Snell prints the first book in Sweden , the collection of fables Dialogus creaturarum .
• 1812: The Brothers Grimm publish the first edition of their children's and household tales .
• 1845: The second piano trio by Felix Mendelssohn premiered in Leipzig.
• 1847: In the Drury Lane Theater in London which will premiere the opera The Maid of Honor of Michael William Balfe instead.
• 1902: The world premiere of the operetta Der Rastelbinder by Franz Lehár takes place at the Carltheater in Vienna . The libretto is by Victor Léon .
• 1913: At the Johann Strauss Theater in Vienna, the operettas schwank Der Nachtschnellzug by Leo Fall is premiered.
• 1918: The silent film Carmen by Ernst Lubitsch is premiered in the Ufa cinema in Berlin.
• 1924: Norwegian radio - later to become NRK - broadcasts Lørdagsbarnetimen , the children's hour on Saturday , for the first time , which is now probably the oldest radio program in the world.
• 1946: Frank Capra's film Isn't Life Beautiful? Premiered.
• 1954: Sandra Cisneros , one of the most important representatives of Chicano literature, is born.
• 1969: The first episode of the lead from the ORF -designed game show Make a wish with the presenter couple Dietmar Schönherr and Vivi Bach is to follow on television. The audience can take part with the light test.
• 1983: The world premiere of the opera Die Fastnachtsbeichte by Giselher Klebe takes place in Darmstadt .

society

• 1968: A later than Zodiac Killer known serial killer murdered with Betty Lou Jensen and David Faraday her boyfriend in Vallejo , California, his first two victims.
• 2007: Two paintings with an estimated value of 70 million euros are stolen from the Museu de Arte de São Paulo . The police were able to retrieve both paintings from the museum intact on January 8, 2008.

religion

• 1254: Count Rainald Segni, elected by the cardinals on December 12, is enthroned as Pope under the name of Alexander IV as the successor to Innocent IV .
• 1334: Pope Benedict XII arrives in Avignon . on Petri's chair .

1759: Pope Clement XIII.

• 1759: The encyclical Appetente sacro by Pope Clement XIII. explains the spiritual benefits of fasting .
• 1908: In Rome, the Maid of Orleans , Joan of Arc , by Pope Pius X beatified .
• 1928: The papal bull Divini cultus sanctitatem contains the appeal of Pius XI. , Gregorian chant and sacred music in the liturgy to promote.
• 1935: The Pope Pius XI. published encyclical Ad catholici sacerdotii is considered to be the basic work for priestly formation and priesthood in the Roman Catholic Church .
• 1988: Pope John Paul II appoints Joachim Cardinal Meisner as Archbishop of Cologne.

Disasters

• 1942: An earthquake of magnitude 7.3 in Erbaa , Turkey, calls for about 3,000 deaths.
• 1946: An 8.1 magnitude earthquake struck Tonankai , Japan, killing 1,330.
• 1987: When the Filipino ferry Doña Paz sank near Mindoro after a collision with the tanker Vector , 4,375 passengers and crew of the Doña Paz and 11 crew members of the Vector died . There are only 26 survivors in total. It is the worst shipping accident in peacetime.
• 1995: One of Miami coming Boeing 757 of American Airlines crashes during the landing approach to Cali , Colombia, for the setting of a false NDB against a mountain. 160 people die, only four people are saved.

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .

Sports

• 1987: In Gothenburg the Swedish tennis team wins the Davis Cup against India .
• 1998: The Norwegian national women's handball team wins the European championship for the first time . In the final in Amsterdam , defending champion Denmark is defeated 24:16.
• 2009: With a 25:22 final victory over France , the Russian national women's handball team wins the women's handball world championship in Nanjing .
• 2015: With a 31:23 final victory over the Netherlands , the Norwegian national women's handball team wins the women's handball world championship for the third time in Herning .

Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field .

Born

Before the 18th century

• 1496: Joseph ha-Kohen , Italian-Jewish doctor and chronicler
• 1519: Johann Schneidewein , German lawyer
• 1532: Johann Günther I , Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
• 1537: Johann III. , Swedish king
• 1539: Paul Melissus , German writer, translator and composer
• 1576: Johannes Sarkander , Moravian priest
• 1589: Antonius Aemilius , German historian and philosopher
• 1599: Niels Trolle , Danish statesman and admiral
• 1600: Nicolas Sanson , French cartographer
• 1626: Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff , German scholar and statesman
• 1629: Pieter de Hooch , Dutch painter (date of baptism)
• 1633: Abbas II , Shah of Persia
• 1648: Tommaso Ceva , Italian poet and mathematician
• 1666: Richard O'Cahan , British governor of Menorca and Gibraltar
• 1669: Charlotte Marie von Sachsen-Jena , Duchess of Sachsen-Weimar
• 1700: Charles-Augustin de Ferriol d'Argental , French administrator and ambassador

18th century

• 1712: Sawwa Jakowlew , Russian entrepreneur, industrialist and patron
• 1717: Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes , French ambassador and foreign minister
• 1721: Johann Georg Specht , late baroque builder
• 1722: Gebhard Werner von der Schulenburg , German court marshal
• 1724: Johann Nikolaus Seip , German theologian
• 1729: František Xaver Pokorný , Bohemian violinist and composer
• 1735: Friedrich August Brand , Austrian painter and engraver
• 1736: Hans Moritz von Brühl , electoral Saxon diplomat, scientist and chess player
• 1740: Arthur Lee , American politician and diplomat
• 1742: Johann Ernst Schulz , German theologian
• 1743: Joachim Thomas Schuhbauer , German Benedictine priest and educator
• 1744: Johannes Lorenz Isenbiehl , German theologian
• 1746: Miguel José de Azanza , Spanish officer and colonial administrator, Viceroy of New Spain
• 1748: Jürgen von Ahlefeldt , German bailiff
• 1750: Isaak Daniel Itzig , royal Prussian court factor and banker
• 1754: Joseph Schubert , German violinist, violist and composer
• 1762: David von Andrássy , Hungarian military
• 1764: Christian Gottlieb Berger , German Protestant clergyman
• 1766: James Turner , American politician, governor of North Carolina
• 1778: Sophie Anna von Reventlow , Danish painter
• 1780: John Wilson Croker , British speaker, poet and journalist
• 1783: Jean-Jacques-Caton Chenevière , Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor
• 1784: Karl August Gottlieb Dreist , German educator
• 1784: Georg Wilhelm , German nobleman, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
• 1798: Albert Dufour-Féronce , German banker, entrepreneur and railway pioneer

19th century

1801-1850

• 1815: James Legge , British sinologist and translator
• 1817: Ferdinand von Loehr , German medic, politician and editor
• 1820: Mary Hemenway , American philanthropist and patron
• 1825: Friedrich Grillo , German industrialist
• 1833: Samuel Mudd , American physician
• 1834: Julius Preller , German landscape painter and factory director
• 1835: Robert Lucius von Ballhausen , German politician, MdL, MdR, Prussian minister
• 1837: George Madison Adams , American politician, member of the House of Representatives
• 1837: Anton Foerster , Slovenian composer
• 1838: Edwin Abbott Abbott , British school principal, theologian and writer

Ferdinand Buisson (* 1841)

• 1841: Ferdinand Buisson , French educator and human rights activist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate
• 1843: Arnold Niggli , Swiss music historian and critic
• 1846: Ernst von Hessen-Philippsthal , last titular Landgrave of Hessen-Philippsthal
• 1847: Sape Talma , Dutch medic
• 1850: David Schwarz , Hungarian inventor, builder of the first airworthy rigid airship

1851-1875

• 1851: Theodore E. Burton , American politician, House of Representatives, Senator
• 1851: Knut Wicksell , Swedish economist
• 1854: Hermann Lenhartz , German medic
• 1856: Ferdinand Avenarius , German poet
• 1856: Reginald Blomfield , British landscape architect
• 1857: Otto Crusius , German classical philologist
• 1858: Jan Toorop , Dutch painter, co-founder of the Dutch Art Society
• 1861: Ludwig Sauer , German organist
• 1865: Wilhelm Arning , German physician and politician, MdR, MdL
• 1867: William Heffelfinger , American football player
• 1867: Fini Valdemar Henriques , Danish composer and violinist
• 1868: Arturo Alessandri Palma , Chilean politician, President
• 1871: Andreas Blunck , German lawyer and politician, MdHB, MdR, Reich Minister
• 1871: Henry Kimball Hadley , American composer and conductor
• 1873: Frank Welsman , Canadian conductor, music teacher and pianist
• 1875: Francesco Cantelli , Italian mathematician

1876-1900

• 1876: Walter Sydney Adams , American astronomer
• 1876: Martha Müller-Grählert , German writer
• 1880: Walter Brack , German swimmer, Olympic champion
• 1880: Eugen Münch , Swiss politician
• 1881: Heinrich Drake , German politician, MdL, MdR, Minister, State and Government President of Lippe
• 1882: Max Sailer , German automobile racing driver
• 1883: Otakar Hřímalý , Czech composer
• 1884: Juozas Gruodis , Lithuanian composer and music teacher
• 1885: Miel van Leijden , Dutch football player
• 1886: Celestino Piaggio , Argentine composer, pianist and conductor
• 1886: Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman , American tennis player
• 1887: Jean Douarinou , French racing car driver
• 1889: Otto Koehler , German zoologist and ethologist
• 1889: Božidar Širola , Croatian composer
• 1890: Jaroslav Heyrovský , Czech physical chemist, Nobel Prize winner
• 1893: Stephen Morehouse Avery , American screenwriter
• 1893: Charlotte Bühler , German psychologist
• 1893: Wilhelm Hollbach , German journalist, Lord Mayor of Frankfurt am Main
• 1893: Ludwig Schneider , German lawyer and politician, Lord Mayor of Lüdenscheid, judge at the Kassel Administrative Court, Member of the State Parliament
• 1894: Robert Menzies , Australian lawyer and politician, Attorney General, Prime Minister
• 1895: Susanne K. Langer , American philosopher
• 1896: Rudolf Arnold , German party official and politician, MdL
• 1896: Frederick Browning , British Lieutenant General and Secretary General in the War Department
• 1898: Irene Dunne , American theater and film actress
• 1898: Lazar Gulkowitsch , Jewish philologist
• 1899: Käthe Augenstein , German photographer
• 1899: Hermann Claasen , German photographer
• 1899: Finn Ronne , Norwegian-American Antarctic explorer and writer
• 1900: Lissy Arna , German actress
• 1900: Ted Fiorito , American jazz musician

20th century

1901-1925

• 1901: Robert Jemison Van de Graaff , American physicist
• 1902: George, 1st Duke of Kent , member of the British royal family
• 1903: Georges Antenen , Swiss cyclist
• 1905: Daisy Spies , Russian-German ballet dancer and choreographer
• 1907: Cousin Joe , American blues musician
• 1907: Leny Marenbach , German actress
• 1907: Paul Francis Webster , American songwriter
• 1908: Herbert A. Frenzel , German Scandinavianist, journalist, translator and theater scholar
• 1908: Klaus Katterbach , German physicist
• 1909: Erdet Wenxiu , concubine of the last emperor of China
• 1909: Vagn Holmboe , Danish composer
• 1910: Hillevi Svedberg , Swedish architect
• 1912: Walter Henn , German architect, civil engineer and university professor
• 1912: Avelino Muñoz , Panamanian pianist, organist, conductor, arranger and composer
• 1913: Giorgio Ansoldi , Italian filmmaker
• 1914: Alfred Hoffmann , German ice hockey player
• 1915: Ilija Džuvalekovski , Macedonian actor
• 1915: Aziz Nesin , Turkish educator and writer
• 1917: David Bohm , American quantum physicist
• 1917: Klaus Flesche , German architect and industrial designer
• 1919: Nicolás Urcelay , Mexican singer
• 1920: Gerhart Baumann , German Germanist
• 1920: Bruni Löbel , German actress
• 1920: Antonio Morel , Dominican merengue musician
• 1921: Horst Ankermann , German pharmacologist and sculptor
• 1921: Gomi Kōsuke , Japanese writer
• 1921: George Roy Hill , American actor, writer, and director
• 1922: Walter Eichenberg , German composer and musician
• 1923: Rod Amateau , American screenwriter, producer, and director
• 1923: Ignace Raad , Lebanese Archbishop
• 1923: Marlene Reidel , German painter, illustrator and children's book author
• 1924: Werner Arens , German theologian
• 1924: Walter Davy , Austrian director and actor
• 1924: Karl-Heinz Heimann , German soccer player and sports journalist
• 1924: Peter Janisch , Austrian film actor
• 1924: Friederike Mayröcker , Austrian writer
• 1925: Fred Angerer , German architect
• 1925: Mahathir bin Mohamad , Malaysian doctor and politician, Prime Minister

1926-1950

Otto Graf Lambsdorff (* 1926)

• 1926: Otto Graf Lambsdorff , German politician, Member of the Bundestag, Federal Minister
• 1926: Piero Operto , Italian football player
• 1927: Kim Young-sam , South Korean politician, president
• 1928: Jack Christiansen , American football player and coach
• 1929: Carlo Fassi , Italian figure skater and figure skating coach
• 1930: Rudi Felgenheier , German motorcycle racer
• 1930: Pat Hare , American blues musician
• 1930: Volker Klotz , German literary scholar, theater critic and dramaturge
• 1930: Valentina Kameníková , Ukrainian pianist and music teacher
• 1932: John Hillerman , American actor
• 1933: Rik Van Looy , Belgian racing cyclist
• 1934: Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja , Indonesian Archbishop and Cardinal
• 1935: Christopher Shaman Abba , Nigerian bishop
• 1937: Manfred Lahnstein , German politician, manager and management consultant, Federal Minister, Member of the Bundestag, Head of the Chancellery
• 1937: Hermann Stehr , German sculptor and painter
• 1937: Ekkehard Wachmann , German entomologist
• 1938: Maren Collin , German athlete
• 1939: Szabolcs Esztényi , Polish composer, pianist, piano improviser and music teacher
• 1939: Bill Keith , American bluegrass musician
• 1939: Paul Zulehner , Austrian professor of theology and dean
• 1940: Klaus Kada , Austrian architect and university professor
• 1942: Paul Dräger , German classical philologist and science historian
• 1942: Bob Hayes , American sprinter and American football player, Olympic champion
• 1942: Raimo Suikkanen , Finnish cyclist
• 1942: Jean-Claude Trichet , French financial expert and politician, President of the European Central Bank
• 1942: Larry Willis , American musician
• 1942: Roger Woodward , Australian pianist, music educator and composer
• 1944: Amara Essy , Ivorian politician, foreign minister, secretary general of the OAU and the African Union
• 1944: Christoph Franke , German soccer player and coach
• 1944: Gernot Wolfgruber , Austrian writer
• 1945: Peter Criss , American musician and singer
• 1945: Jürg Laederach , Swiss writer
• 1945: Arno Schmidt , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1945: Tom Tancredo , American politician, member of the House of Representatives
• 1946: Georges Darms , Swiss Indo-European and Romanist
• 1946: Uri Geller , Israeli stage magician
• 1946: Dick Wolf , American television producer
• 1947: Simon Beck , Liechtenstein luge rider
• 1947: Gigliola Cinquetti , Italian singer
• 1947: Wilfried Krüger , German musician
• 1947: Marlene Rupprecht , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1947: Franz Sales Sklenitzka , Austrian writer and graphic artist
• 1948: George Dyer , American racing car driver
• 1948: Abdulrazak Gurnah , Tanzanian writer
• 1948: Ronald M. Hahn , German writer and translator
• 1948: Uchida Mitsuko , Japanese pianist
• 1948: Alan Parsons , British musician
• 1948: Beatrice Richter , German actress
• 1948: Giuliana Sgrena , Italian journalist
• 1950: Bongi Makeba , South African singer and songwriter

1951-1975

• 1951: Kate Atkinson , British writer
• 1951: Wau Holland , German journalist, hacker and founder of the Chaos Computer Club
• 1952: Jenny Agutter , British actress
• 1952: Ray Bumatai , American actor, comedian, and musician
• 1952: Frederick Schipizky , Canadian double bass player and composer
• 1952: Lena Strothmann , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1955: Hideki Noda , Japanese playwright and actor
• 1955: Martin Schulz , German politician, MEP, President of the European Parliament, Member of the Bundestag
• 1956: Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz , Mauritanian officer and politician, President of the Republic, President of the African Union
• 1957: Billy Bragg , British singer and songwriter
• 1957: Mike Watt , American musician and producer

Piet Klocke (* 1958)

• 1958: Piet Klocke , German comedian
• 1958: Jürgen Raab , German soccer player and coach
• 1959: Ramazan Avcı , Turkish terrorist victim
• 1959: Hildegard Körner , German athlete
• 1959: Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz , Polish politician, Prime Minister
• 1961: Freddie Spencer , American motorcycle racer
• 1961: Christian Zirkelbach , German athlete
• 1963: Mats Gren , Swedish football player and coach
• 1963: Elena of Spain , Spanish princess, Duchess of Lugo
• 1964: Carolin Hecht , German screenwriter
• 1964: Gabriela Ortiz , Mexican composer
• 1966: Chris Robinson , American rock musician ( The Black Crowes )
• 1968: Hans-Jochen Wagner , German actor
• 1968: Karl Wendlinger , Austrian racing car driver
• 1969: Alain de Botton , Swiss writer
• 1968: Carsten Ohle , German handball player
• 1969: Jacek Dembiński , Polish football player
• 1969: Michael Fellmann , German sailor
• 1969: Paul T. Grasshoff , German actor
• 1969: Serhiy Holubyzkyj , Ukrainian fencer, Olympic medalist, world champion
• 1971: Thomas Gebhart , German politician, Member of the Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag, Parliamentary State Secretary

Joey Kelly (* 1972)

• 1972: Joey Kelly , German-Irish musician and extreme athlete ( Kelly Family )
• 1972: Anja Rücker , German athlete, Olympic medalist, world champion
• 1974: Pietro Piller Cottrer , Italian cross-country skier, world champion, Olympic champion
• 1974: Carlos Da Cruz , French cyclist
• 1975: Vasilis Anastopoulos , Greek racing cyclist

1976-2000

• 1976: Rafael Calero , Andorran football player
• 1978: Emmanuel Akwuegbu , Nigerian soccer player
• 1979: Ehud Asherie , American jazz musician
• 1979: Michael Rogers , Australian cyclist
• 1980: Israel Castro , Mexican soccer player
• 1980: Ashley Cole , English soccer player
• 1980: Martín Demichelis , Argentine soccer player
• 1980: Sebastian Halgasch , German swimmer
• 1980: Fitz Hall , English soccer player
• 1981: Julien Benneteau , French tennis player
• 1982: Keny Arkana , French rapper
• 1982: David Wright , American baseball player

Mapei (* 1983)

• 1983: Mapei , Swedish-American singer
• 1983: Lara Stone , Dutch model and actress
• 1984: Şenol Akın , Turkish soccer player
• 1985: Ilijan Mizanski , Bulgarian football player
• 1986: Fabienne Humm , Swiss soccer player
• 1986: Urata Rama , Kosovar sports shooter
• 1986: Patrick Scherrer , Austrian soccer player
• 1987: Matteo Busato , Italian racing cyclist
• 1988: Franziska Mietzner , German handball player
• 1990: JoJo , American singer
• 1991: Jorginho , Brazilian-Italian soccer player
• 1992: Martin Čater , Slovenian ski racer
• 1992: Janina Elkin , German actress
• 1992: Marcel Ziegl , Austrian soccer player
• 1993: Andrea Belotti , Italian football player
• 1994: Jacko Gill , New Zealand athlete
• 1995: Feliks Zemdegs , Australian speed cuber
• 1997: Suzuka Nakamoto , Japanese singer
• 1997: Nazlati Mohamed , Comorian swimmer
• 1998: Kylian Mbappé , French soccer player, world champion
• 1998: Rick van Drongelen , Dutch football player

Died

Before the 16th century

• 0069: Vitellius , Roman emperor
• 0217: Zephyrinus , Bishop of Rome
• 0639: Chintila , King of the Visigoths
• 0860: Æthelbald , second son of the Anglo-Saxon king of Wessex Æthelwulf
• 0910: Alfons III. , King of Asturias
• 0915: Hoger , Archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen
• 1015: Eido I , Bishop of Meissen

Gundekar I.
(† 1019)

• 1019: Gundekar I , Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt
• 1021: Walther , Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt
• 1073: Dominic of Silos , saint of the Catholic Church
• 1125: Rudgar von Veltheim , Archbishop of Magdeburg
• 1170: Abu l-Muzaffar Yusuf ibn Muhammad al-Muqtafi l-Mustanjid bi-'llah , Abbasid caliph
• 1197: Albert III. von Bogen , Count von Bogen and Windberg as well as Vogt vonprüfunging, Oberaltaich and Windberg
• 1200: Adélaïde de Toulouse , Vice Countess of Béziers and Carcassonne
• 1200: Gilbert Hérail , Grand Master of the Templar Order
• 1258: Bruno von Isenberg , Bishop of Osnabrück
• 1281: Hartmann von Habsburg , Count of Habsburg
• 1295: Margaret of Provence , Queen of France
• 1306: Friedrich I. von Lichtenberg , Bishop of Strasbourg
• 1310: Pedro Rodríguez , Bishop of Burgos
• 1355: Stefan Uroš IV. Dušan , Tsar of Serbia
• 1356: Gaillard de la Mothe , French cardinal
• 1408: Heinrich Eger von Kalkar , German Carthusian mystic and choral theorist
• 1421: John II of Schlamstorf , Archbishop of Bremen
• 1448: Jan z Příbrami , Bohemian priest, Hussite theologian and writer
• 1459: Petrus II. Vältl , Bavarian Benedictine
• 1478: Johann V von Venningen , Bishop of Basel
• 1480: Anne Neville, Duchess of Buckingham , English noblewoman
• 1483: Stephan Grube , Archbishop of Riga

16th to 18th centuries

• 1550: Matthias Greitter , cantor and composer

Catherine of Bora
(† 1552)

• 1552: Katharina von Bora , German nobleman and wife of Martin Luther
• 1552: Charles de Chabannes , French nobleman and military man
• 1558: Leonhard Brunner , German Lutheran theologian, educator and reformer
• 1570: Sebastian Fröschel , German Lutheran theologian
• 1576: Henri de Saint-Sulpice , favorite of the French king Henry III.
• 1590: Ambroise Paré , French surgeon
• 1597: Wolfgang von Ysenburg-Ronneburg , regent of the district of Langen
• 1632: Melchior Borchgrevinck , Danish composer and court conductor
• 1642: Christian Carpzov , German jurist and jurist
• 1644: Albrecht von Sachsen-Eisenach , Duke of Sachsen-Eisenach
• 1656: David Beck , Dutch painter
• 1664: Andreas Virginius , Baltic German theologian and Lutheran bishop of Estonia
• 1674: Peter Musaeus , German Protestant theologian, logician and metaphysician
• 1679: Moritz von Nassau , called "the Brazilian", Prince of Nassau-Siegen, Dutch field marshal and statesman
• 1680: Elisabeth Sophia of Saxe-Altenburg , Duchess of Saxe-Gotha
• 1698: Friedrich Karl , Duke of Württemberg-Winnental
• 1703: Giuseppe Nuvolone , Italian painter and fresco artist
• 1708: Willem van Bemmel , Dutch painter
• 1708: Henry Thynne , English politician
• 1716: Anton Günther II , Prince of Schwarzburg, Count of Hohnstein, Lord of Sondershausen, Arnstadt and Leutenberg
• 1716: Susanna Maria von Sandrart , German draftsman and engraver in Nuremberg
• 1720: Anselm Schramb , Austrian Benedictine monk, historian, philologist and librarian
• 1722: Kangxi , Emperor of China
• 1727: Johann Andreas Danz , German Lutheran theologian and orientalist
• 1748: Simon Paul Hilscher , German medic
• 1749: Isaak Steiger , mayor of Bern
• 1764: Erik Pontoppidan the Younger , Danish theologian, preacher, historian and author
• 1765: Louis Ferdinand de Bourbon, dauphin de Viennois , son and heir to the throne of Louis XV. from France
• 1765: Maria Flint , German child murderer
• 1766: Giorgio Massari , Venetian architect
• 1779: Johann Philipp Burckhard Asbrand , German theologian

19th century

• 1802: Carl Gottlob Beck , German printer, bookseller and founder of the CH Beck publishing house
• 1813: August Christian Lebrecht von Krafft , royal Prussian major general
• 1828: Christian Gottlieb Kühn , German sculptor
• 1829: Charles FitzRoy , British general and politician
• 1838: Kaspar Maria von Sternberg , Bohemian theologian, politician, mineralogist, botanist and non-fiction author, founder of the National Museum in Prague
• 1844: Peter Joseph Imhoff , German sculptor
• 1864: Josef Proksch , Czech-German composer, pianist and non-fiction author
• 1866: Theodor Friedrich Wilhelm Märklin , German entrepreneur, founder of the Märklin toy company
• 1882: Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Herbst , German educator, philologist, lexicographer and historian
• 1884: John Chisum , American cattle baron, building contractor, and pioneer
• 1884: José Güell y Renté , Cuban-Spanish politician and writer
• 1885: Karl Huber , Romanian-German composer, violinist, conductor and music teacher
• 1887: František Hegenbarth , Czech cellist and music teacher
• 1892: Eduarda Mansilla , Argentine writer, journalist and composer

20th century

1901-1950

• 1903: Kornél Ábrányi , Hungarian pianist, writer, music theorist, composer and musician
• 1907: Thomas Annandale , British surgeon
• 1909: Benjamin Ipavec , Slovenian composer
• 1910: Angelo Neumann , German singer (baritone), theater director and author
• 1916: William Wallace Gilchrist , American composer
• 1917: Eric Campbell , British actor
• 1921: Julius Richard Petri , bacteriologist
• 1922: Hermann Struckmann , German lawyer, higher regional judge, privy councilor, Reich commissioner
• 1926: Giuseppe Magrini , Italian cellist, music teacher and composer
• 1927: Michael Georg Conrad , German writer, MdR
• 1928: Hippolyte Dreyfus-Barney , French Bahai
• 1930: Ernst Amme , German engineer and industrialist
• 1931: Gustaf Kossinna , German philologist and archaeologist
• 1934: Nikolai Jakowlewitsch Marr , Georgian-Russian linguist and orientalist
• 1936: Hans Stumme , German orientalist and linguist
• 1937: Erich Ludendorff , German general and politician, chief of the Supreme Army Command, Member of the Reichstag, participant in the Hitler putsch
• 1942: Dan Ahearn , American athlete
• 1942: Jean Gilbert , German composer and conductor

Anita Augspurg († 1943)

• 1943: Anita Augspurg , German lawyer, women's rights activist and pacifist
• 1944: Abbas II , last viceroy of Egypt
• 1944: Caesar von Hofacker , German officer, resistance fighter of July 20, 1944
• 1944: Merna Kennedy , American actress
• 1947: Benigno Aquino senior , Filipino politician
• 1948: Christopher Rawdon Briggs , English violinist and music teacher
• 1948: C. Aubrey Smith , British actor
• 1949: Wilhelm Weigand , German poet and writer

1951-1975

• 1951: Franz Rudolf Bornewasser , German priest, auxiliary bishop of Cologne, bishop of Trier, archbishop
• 1952: Heinrich Lilienfein , German writer, General Secretary of the German Schiller Foundation
• 1954: Emilis Melngailis , Latvian composer
• 1957: Emil Pirchan , Austrian set designer, painter, architect and writer
• 1960: Wilhelm Kosch , Austrian literary historian and lexicographer
• 1961: Moss Hart , American writer
• 1961: Luis Abraham Delgadillo , Nicaraguan composer
• 1961: Rafael J. Tello , Mexican composer
• 1962: Emil Artin , Austrian mathematician
• 1963: Paul Constantinescu , Romanian composer
• 1965: Charlie Burse , American blues musician
• 1965: Egon Freiherr von Eickstedt , German anthropologist
• 1966: Mert Plunkett , Canadian impresario and composer
• 1967: Benno Adolph , German medic, doctor in various concentration camps

John Steinbeck († 1968)

• 1968: John Steinbeck , American writer, Nobel Prize winner
• 1968: Max Brod , Austrian-Israeli writer, translator and composer
• 1969: James H. Duff , American politician, Pennsylvania governor, senator
• 1971: Amerigo Bartoli , Italian painter and caricaturist
• 1972: Günter Eich , German radio play author and poet
• 1972: René del Risco Bermúdez , Dominican writer
• 1973: Luis Carrero Blanco , Spanish naval officer and politician, Prime Minister
• 1973: Bobby Darin , American musician, entertainer, and actor
• 1973: Käthe von Nagy , Hungarian actress
• 1974: Kaname Akamatsu , Japanese economist

1976-2000

• 1976: Ned Washington , American songwriter
• 1977: Henry Tandey , English soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross and most highly decorated British private of the First World War
• 1979: José Loreto Arismendi , Venezuelan lawyer and politician, minister
• 1982: Rudolf Werner Ackermann , German painter

Arthur Rubinstein († 1982)

• 1982: Arthur Rubinstein , Polish pianist
• 1983: Bill Brandt , German-British photographer and photojournalist
• 1986: Eduard Aslanowitsch Abramjan , Armenian pianist and music teacher
• 1986: Alicia Urreta , Mexican music teacher, pianist and composer
• 1988: Josef Hrubý , Czechoslovak architect
• 1989: Kurt Böhme , German opera singer (bass)
• 1994: Daniel Israel Arnon , American biologist, biochemist and plant physiologist
• 1994: Cheo García , Venezuelan singer
• 1994: Dean Rusk , American politician, Secretary of State
• 1996: Alan Graham Apley , British orthopedist
• 1996: Carl Sagan , American professor, writer, astronomer, astrophysicist, exobiologist, and television presenter
• 1998: Alan Lloyd Hodgkin , British biophysicist, Nobel Prize in Medicine
• 1999: Giorgio Ansoldi , Italian filmmaker
• 1999: Erich Arp , German politician, MdL, State Minister, MdHB
• 1999: Manuel Rueda , Dominican writer and pianist

21st century

• 2001: Léopold Sédar Senghor , Senegalese poet and politician, President
• 2005: Joseph Gabriel Anastasi , American politician
• 2005: Argentina Brunetti , Argentine actress and reporter
• 2006: Harald Berger , Austrian mountaineer
• 2008: Adrian Mitchell , British writer
• 2009: Marcel Cremer , Belgian theater director
• 2009: Hossein Ali Montazeri , Iranian Grand Ayatollah
• 2009: Brittany Murphy , American actress
• 2010: Fritz Rittner , German legal scholar
• 2010: Josef Adolf Schmoll called Eisenwerth , German art historian
• 2011: Hana Androníková , Czech writer
• 2011: KV Varadaraj , Indian soccer player
• 2016: Michèle Morgan , French actress
• 2017: Bernard Francis Law , American cardinal
• 2017: Wolfgang Lauinger , contemporary witness of the persecution of homosexuals in the Nazi dictatorship and the FRG
• 2017: Caesar Meister , German politician
• 2018: FW Bernstein , German cartoonist and satirist
• 2019: Hermann L. Gremliza , German journalist, editor, writer and language critic
• 2019: Roland Matthes , German swimmer, Olympic champion, world champion
• 2020: Dietrich Weise , German soccer player and coach

Holidays and memorial days

• Church memorial days
  • Katharina von Bora , German nun and wife of Martin Luther (Protestant)
  • St. Ignatius of Antioch , Roman martyr, theologian and bishop (Orthodox)
  • St. Hoger , Archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen (Roman Catholic)

The list of commemorative and action days contains further entries .

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