Neea Epidavros
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Local community Nea Epidavros Τοπική Κοινότητα Νέας Επιδαύρου (Νέα Επίδαυρος) |
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| Basic data | |||
| Country |
 Greece
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| region | Peloponnese | ||
| Regional district | Argolis | ||
| local community | Epidavros | ||
| Geographic coordinates | 37 ° 41 ′ N , 23 ° 8 ′ E | ||
| Height above d. M. |
89 m (center) |
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| surface | 54.663 km² | ||
| Residents | 987 (2011) | ||
| Population density | 18.06 inhabitants / km² | ||
| LAU-1 code no. | 41030203 | ||
| Local division | 4th | ||
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The local community Nea Epidavros ( Greek Νέα Επίδαυρος ( f. Sg. ) 'New Epidauros') belongs to the municipality of Epidavros , whose main town is Lygourio . It is located in Greece in the Argolis ( Peloponnese ). The eponymous village, which until 1997 was the center of an independent municipality Nea Epidavros, housed 896 inhabitants in 2011. The local community includes the places Galaneika (Γαλαναίικα, 17 Ew.) Moni Taxiarchon (Μονή Ταξιαρχών, 54 Ew.) And Paleochori, which is also called Agios Nikolaos (Παλαιοχόρι / Άγιος Νικόλαος, 20 Ew.
history
The rocky hill Vassa ( Greek Βασσά ) about 1.5 km northwest of Nea Epidauros was already settled in the Early Helladic . The settlement existed until the Mycenaean period, as numerous broken pieces show. In addition, graves from the Late Helladic era were found and the remains of the Cyclopean wall are still clearly visible on the southern slope of the castle hill Ai Yianni tou Kastrou . In Byzantine times the place became an administrative center and a castle was built on the mountain. In 1205 the Franks took over the castle and expanded the walls. The Ottomans followed in the 15th century . Since the place was not visible from the sea and thus offered better protection against pirates, it received an influx from Palea Epidavros . The importance of the place, which at that time was still called Piada ( Greek Πιάδα ), is mainly due to the fact that the first Greek National Assembly took place here from December 20, 1821 to January 16, 1822 during the Greek struggle for freedom . In 1828 the place got its current name.
description
Nea Epidavros is located at the northern foot of Mount Akros at an altitude of about 90 m. About 2 km east of the village is the small port of Epidauros. To the north of the village lies the Vothila Gorge ( Greek Φαράγγι του Βόθυλα ) and northeast of the Vassa hill. The meeting place of the first Greek National Assembly is located on the north-western outskirts above the gorge. A memorial commemorates this and also quotes the first words of the Declaration of Independence: “In the name of the holy and indivisible Trinity. The Greek people, who under the terrible Ottoman rule are no longer able to bear the heavy and unprecedented yoke of tyranny and who have shaken it off with great sacrifices, proclaimed today through their legal representatives who have united in a national assembly , before God and man his political existence and independence ”. To the east of the square is the building in which the former primary school was located from 1904.
The fortress is accessible from the east. It has a length of 130 m and a width of about 25 m. Some remains of the walls have been preserved and the substructure of a round tower in the west. There are two church ruins inside. According to tradition, they were dedicated to the Virgin Mary and Agios Theodosios. To the west of the castle is the church of Agios Ioannis o Theologos . An inscription on the choir screen from 1710 mentions Iakovos, the bishop of Damala and Pediada. The frescoes on the choir screen and on the side of it and in the choir are well preserved, but were significantly damaged by modern visitors by scratching texts. Another inscription places a curse on him that damages the wax paintings. In the western outer wall, a marble block depicting a cross from the Franconian era was walled up.
Churches in and around Nea Epidaurus
About 40 m south of the entrance to the castle is a single-nave church from the post-Byzantine period. It is consecrated to the Taxiarchis to the Archangels Gabriel and Michael . It was restored between 2000 and 2006. The old frescoes are very well preserved. Below in a small alley is the small church of Panagitsa, which also has a single nave. It was erected in 1551 as indicated by an inscription above the entrance. Some frescoes are still preserved.
The single-nave church of Tris Ierarches from the post-Byzantine era is located about 100 m south of the castle, directly on the through road . The frescoes are partially preserved. The main church Evangelistrias is about 30 m south in the middle of the village. More recently, a second concrete steeple was built next to the church. The bones of Saint Leonidas and his seven companions are kept here. Once a year on April 16, the bones of the martyrs are brought in a solemn procession to the Agios Leonidas Church 500 m to the east, which is right next to the road to Corinth .
The only church of the Agios Michail ton Synadon in the Argolida is located 500 m east of the Agios Leonidas church. The single-nave chapel dates from the 17th century. The frescoes are very well preserved. The founding inscription is no longer legible today. But at the beginning of the 20th century you could still read the name of the painter, Priest Anatolios. Possibly this is Natalios of Argos .
literature
- Dieter Hennig: Art. Epidauros, in: Siegfried Lauffer (Hrsg.): Greece. Lexicon of Historic Places . Verlag CH Beck, Munich 1989, pp. 219-221.
- R. Hope Simpson - DK Hagel: Mycenean Fortifications, Highways, Dams and Canals . Paul Aström Förlag, Sävedalen 2006 (Studies in Mediterranean Archeology, Vol.CXXXIII), ISBN 91-7081-212-8 , p. 41.
- Petros Sarantakis: Argolida, Churches & Monasteries. A humble pilgrimage in sacred places. Athens 2007, ISBN 978-960-91420-4-5 , pp. 135-138
- Elsi Spathari: Korinthia - Argolis , Esperos Verlag, Athens 2010, ISBN 978-960-8103-61-0 , p. 191
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Results of the 2011 census at the National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)
The monument to the National Assembly
The text of the declaration of independence
