Josef Adolf Schmoll called Eisenwerth

Josef Adolf Schmoll called Eisenwerth (born February 16, 1915 in Berlin ; † December 20, 2010 in Munich ) was a German art historian, full professor of art history at the Technical University of Munich . He wrote important writings on topics from the history of architecture, sculpture and photography, some of which are now considered standard works.

Life

His father was the eponymous Josef Adolf Schmoll called Eisenwerth , a Mannheim mechanical engineer who fell in the Vosges on August 24, 1914 , his mother was Eva Schmoll called Eisenwerth (née Dietmar) (1888–1979), his brother, who Painter, art teacher and professor (Stuttgart) Karl Bernhard Schmoll called Eisenwerth (1912–1994). His grandfather was the renowned hydraulic engineer and bridge designer Anton Adolph Schmoll called Eisenwerth .

Schmoll gen. Eisenwerth passed his A-levels in the spring of 1934 at the Berlin school farm Insel Scharfenberg , a model school based on reform education .

He then studied art history , classical archeology , history and philosophy in Berlin. In 1939, he put on his doctoral supervisor William Pinder in Berlin his doctoral thesis to Dr. phil. about the monastery Chorin and the brick early Gothic in the Mark Brandenburg .

After six years of military service (from autumn 1939 - from 1942 to 1944 in occupied France - until his discharge from the military hospital in autumn 1945) he was initially an assistant at the University of Hanover in 1945, and from December as a research assistant at the TH Darmstadt from 1946 until 1949 with a teaching position for architecture of the Middle Ages in deputy of the professor for art history. He also began to study architecture there.

In 1948 he received a teaching post from Darmstadt as a visiting professor at the State School for Art and Crafts ( Center sarrois d'art et metiers ) in Saarbrücken , and for the winter semester of 1949/1950 he was also appointed as an extraordinary professor for art history at the newly founded after the war Saarland University . With Hans Gerhard Evers he wrote his habilitation on the sculptor Auguste Rodin in 1950/51 (it was later published in several parts). In 1951 he was appointed founding director of the Art History Institute, and since 1955 as full professor, vice dean and dean of the Philosophical Faculty.

In 1966 he moved to the chair for art history at the Technical University of Munich , which he held until his retirement in 1980. His merit there is the introduction of modern art and the view of historical contexts of art in the teaching canon. Josef Adolf Schmoll called Eisenwerth was the first to give lectures on Picasso, Klee, or the Bauhaus in Munich (which was much attended due to his eloquence) , which was a previously untapped chapter in architecture in particular.

Schmoll gen. Eisenwerth also received visiting professorships at the Pennsylvania State University (1970), the University of Zurich (1974/1975 and 1975/1976), the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (1986), the University of Vienna (1988) and the University of Salzburg ( 1989).

He was a member of the board of trustees of the Bauhaus Museum for Design in Berlin, the Photo Museum in the Munich City Museum , the Wilhelm Loth Foundation in Karlsruhe, and since 1988 a full member of the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts . In 1973 he was also awarded the David Octavius ​​Hill Medal of the Society of German Photographers, in 1980 with the Culture Prize of the German Society for Photography , and in 2001 with the silver medal “ Munich shines ”.

Fonts (selection)

Book publications

• The torso as a symbol and form. On the history of the torso motif in Rodin's work. Baden-Baden 1954
• The Chorin monastery and the Ascanian architecture in the Mark Brandenburg (1260–1320). Publications of the Berlin Historical Commission. Berlin 1961
• The Ludwigskirche by Friedrich Joachim Stengel 1762–1962 . Saarbrücken 1963
• The Moselle from the source to the Rhine . Series Deutsche Lande - German Art . Frankfurt / M. - Vienna - Zurich 1963, 2nd edition 1972
• Painting after photography '. From the camera obscura to pop art. A documentation . Munich 1970, 2nd edition 1971
• Pablo Picasso - 347 etchings from the summer of 1968 (Henri Kahnweiler Collection, Paris) . Munich 1971
• Rudolf Belling ( Artists of Our Time, Vol. 17), St. Gallen 1971
• The Franz von Stuck phenomenon - reviews, essays, interviews 1968–1972 . Munich 1972
• Sculpture graphics: R. Belling, M. Goeritz, OH Hajek , A. Hiller , F. König , L. Kornbrust , W. Loth. Original graphics folder with accompanying text . Munich and Mandelieu-La Napoule 1972
• Art history. The Knowledge of the Present series, Humanities Department . Berlin, Darmstadt, Vienna 1974
• Wilhelm Loth . Metal sculptures. 1947-1972 . Darmstadt 1976
• Auguste Rodin . Herrsching / Ammersee 1978
• About the meaning of photography. Texts from the years 1952–1980 . Munich 1980
• Nancy 1900 - Art Nouveau in Lorraine between historicism and art deco . In collaboration with Helga Schmoll g. E. A manual. Mainz 1980, 2nd edition 1981
• Monika von Boch . The photographic work 1950–1980. Experimental photography, photograms, industry, abstractions, nature . Dillingen / Saar 1982
• Rodin Studies. Personality - Works - Effect - Bibliography. Studies on 19th Century Art , Vol. 31. Munich 1983
• Franz Roh / collages . Edition Marzona, Düsseldorf 1984
• Epoch boundaries and continuity. Studies in art history. Edited by Winfried Nerdinger and Dietrich Schubert. Munich 1985. ISBN 3-7913-0709-6 (collected small writings; contains a 300-title bibliography of Schmoll's writings up to 1985 on pp. 351–362).
• “Subjective photography” - the German contribution 1948–1962 . Internationes - Institute for Foreign Relations Stuttgart 1989
• Heinrich Schlitt 1843–1923. A Munich genre gnome painter and fresco painter (designer for ceramic decorations, arr . Thérèse Thomas). Mettlach 1990
• Auguste Rodin and Camille Claudel . Munich 1994; engl. Edition London-New York 2000
• The Lorraine Sculpture of the 14th Century: Its Requirements in the South of Champagne and its Extra-Lorraine Relations (= Studies on the International History of Architecture and Art. Volume 29). Imhof, Petersberg 2005, ISBN 3-937251-71-5 .

editor

• Art of the world. The cultures of the West in 26 volumes . Holle Verlag Baden-Baden 1957–1971 f.
• The unfinished as an artistic form. A symposium . Bern-Munich 1959
• Karl Lohmeyer: Memories ("Towards the South"). A hike from Rhenish-Franconian town houses to the country beyond the mountains . (From the estate, in collaboration with K. Schwingel). Heidelberg 1960
• Variae Formae - Veritas Una. Festschrift for Friedrich Gerke . (In collaboration with H. Schnitzler, H. Wentzel, P. Ludwig). Baden-Baden 1962
• Marcel Aubert: Romanesque cathedrals and monasteries in France. Transfer from French a. Epilogue . Wiesbaden 1966
• Franz von Stuck. The stucco villa. At its reopening on March 9, 1968. Work, personality, impact, documents and voices. Appendix: Franz von Stuck's students . (In collaboration with HD Hofmann and N. Knopp), Munich 1968, 2nd edition 1980
• Contributions to the theory of the arts in the 19th century / studies on philosophy and literature of the 19th century (in collaboration with H. Koopmann), Vol. 1, Frankfurt / M. 1971, vol. 2 Frankfurt / M. 1972
• The Franz von Stuck phenomenon - reviews, essays, interviews 1968–1972 . Munich 1972 Festschrift for Luitpold Dussler (in collaboration with M. Restle, H. Weiermann). Berlin-Munich 1972
• Fin de Siècle. On literature and art at the turn of the century. Studies on Philosophy and Literature of the 19th Century , Vol. 35. (In collaboration with R. Bauer, E. Heftrich, H. Koopmann, W. Rasch, W. Sauerländer). Frankfurt / M. 1977
• Hans Gerhard Evers : Ludwig II of Bavaria. Theater prince - king - client. Thoughts on self-image . (In collaboration with Klaus Eggert). Munich 1986
• The photo as an autonomous image. Experimental design 1839–1989. A contribution to the 150th year of the birth of photography . (In collaboration with Jutta Hülsewig-Johnen and Gottfried Jäger). Bielefeld 1989
• Franz von Stuck and photography. Exhib. Cat. Villa Stuck . (In collaboration with Jo-Anne Birnie Danzker and Ulrich Pohlmann) Munich 1996
• Auguste Rodin: The Citizens of Calais - Work and Effect . Sculpture Museum Glaskasten Marl (in collaboration with Uwe Rüth), 1997
• Les Bourgeois de Calais . 1998
• Myths-symbols-metamorphoses in art since 1800. Festschrift for Christa Lichtenstern on her 60th birthday . (In collaboration with Helga Schmoll g. E. and RM Hillert), Berlin 2004
• Toni Schneiders : Photography. Exhibition in Koblenz and Singen . Text in German and English. Cantz, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-7757-1767-6 .
• Toni Schneiders: Photography. Exhibition in Bad Arolsen , Münster City Museum and City Gallery in Fruchtkasten , Ochsenhausen . Cantz, Ostfildern 2008, ISBN 978-3-7757-2182-0 .

Further publications

• Early Paths to Art History. In: Art historians on their own account. Ten autobiographical sketches… Ed. Martina Sitt. Berlin 1990, pp. 274-298.
• Interview 11. JA Schmoll called Eisenwerth in conversation with Monika Bugs. Saarbrücken 2003, ISBN 3-928596-74-8 .

literature

• Christa Lichtenstern: A sovereign. The art historian Schmoll called Eisenwerth for the ninetieth. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , February 16, 2005.
• Ralph Melcher: Lorraine sculpture of the 14th century. Exhibition in the museum in the castle church in Saarbrücken. Imhof, Petersberg 2006, ISBN 3-86568-136-0 .
• Winfried Nerdinger , Norbert Knopp (Hrsg.): Festschrift for JA Schmoll called Eisenwerth for his 90th birthday. Nerdinger, Munich 2005.

Web links

• Literature by and about Josef Adolf Schmoll named Eisenwerth in the catalog of the German National Library
• photo
• Interview with JA Schmoll called Eisenwerth , (PDF file; 2.0 MB)
• Electronic commemorative publication for JA Schmoll called Eisenwerth on the occasion of his 90th birthday with a list of publications JA Schmoll called Eisenwerth

Individual evidence

1. ^ Saarbrücker Zeitung , December 30, 2010; Art rescuer. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of December 30, 2010, p. 29.
2. ↑ Dietmar Haubfleisch: The school farm Insel Scharfenberg in the Nazi era. In: Reiner Lehberger (Hrsg.): Weimar experimental and reform schools at the transition to the Nazi era. Contributions to the school history conference from 16. – 17. November 1993 in the Hamburg School Museum (= Hamburg series of publications on school and teaching history 6). Hamburg 1994, pp. 84-96 ( digitized version ); Dietmar Haubfleisch: Scharfenberg Island School Farm. Microanalysis of the educational reform reality of a democratic experimental school in Berlin during the Weimar Republic (= studies on educational reform 40). Lang, Frankfurt [a. a.] 2001, ISBN 3-631-34724-3 (contains a biography of Schmoll).