Adélaïde de Toulouse

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Adélaïde de Toulouse (* at Burlats Castle ; † December 20, 1200 ), German: Adelheid von Toulouse , was Vice Countess of Béziers and Carcassonne through marriage to Roger II Trencavel . Her first name is also given in specialist literature with Alais, Adelaïs and Azalais. She is known in historiography not for her political activities, but for her commitment to the fine arts.

Life

Adélaïde was the only daughter of Count Raimund V of Toulouse and his wife Konstanze of France, a sister of the French King Louis VII. She was born in the castle of Burlats in what is now the Tarn department , which is the reason for her Occitan name Contessa de Burlatz that was given to her by the troubadour Arnaut de Mareuil .

In 1171 she married her father to Roger II Trencavel, Count of Béziers and Carcassonne, in order to seal a peace treaty between herself and Roger II. The marriage was intended to pacify the neighboring territories of the Saint-Gilles families, based in Toulouse, and the Trencavel , based in Carcassonne. The connection resulted in the son Raimund-Roger , who was born in 1185 and died in 1209 at the end of a siege of Carcassonne.

Adélaïdes husband supported the Albigensians , so that Pope Alexander III. 1178 troops sent to capture and excommunicate Roger II . Adélaïde fled to Castres because of this threat . When Cardinal Henri pursued the two Albigensian leaders Raymond de Baimiac and Bernard Raymundi and they withdrew to the castle of Lavaur, Adélaïde went there in 1181 to support them. Her men resisted the cardinal troops for a long time, but in the end the besieged had to surrender.

Roger II. Trencavel died in March 1194 without having previously appointed his wife as guardian for their son. Instead, he had decreed in his will that Bertrand de Saissac and Raimund von Toulouse should take over the guardianship of his son. Adélaïde then withdrew resignedly to her Burlats castle. Under their rule, this developed into a meeting place for well-known and influential poets and troubadours of their time. Many of them immortalized Adélaïde in their works. Among them is the Provencal poet Arnaut de Mareuil, who was probably in love with Adélaïde and was in direct competition with King Alfonso II of Aragon , who had hopes for Adélaïde's hand.

Adélaïde died on December 20, 1200 and was buried at the side of her husband in the monastery of Cassan.

literature

  • Bernard Mahoux: La malédiction des Trencavel . Volumes 1 to 4. Pocket, Paris 2005. (receptive representation)
  • Magloire Nayral: biography castraise, on Tableau historique… des personnages qui se sont rendus célèbres à Castres . Volume 1. Castres 1833, pp. 1-17 ( digitized version ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl Hochhausen: Contributions to the theological sciences by the members of the theological society in Strasbourg . Carl Hochhausen, Jena 1847, p. 94 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ M. Nayral: Biographie castraise, on Tableau historique ... , p. 7 ( digitized version ).
personal data
SURNAME Adélaïde de Toulouse
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Azalais of Beziers; Alais from Beziers; Adelaïs of Beziers; Adelheid von Beziers; Azalais of Toulouse; Alais of Toulouse; Adelaïs of Toulouse; Adelheid of Toulouse; Azalais from Burlats; Alais from Burlats; Adelaïs from Burlats; Adelheid von Burlats; Contessa de Burlatz; Comtesse de Burlats
BRIEF DESCRIPTION by marriage with Roger II Trencavel Vice Countess of Béziers and Carcassonne
DATE OF BIRTH 12th Century
PLACE OF BIRTH Burlats Castle
DATE OF DEATH December 20, 1200
Place of death buried in the monastery of Cassan