Trencavel

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The Trencavel ( Occitan: trenca avelana = "nutcracker"; Provenance: trencar vel = "cut through") were an important noble family of the Languedoc in the southwest of what is now France . During the 10th to 13th centuries, they gained considerable power in the region when they came into possession of the vice-counties of Albi , Agde , Nîmes , Carcassonne , Béziers and Razès . Bernard Aton IV. Was the first of the family to be called Trencavel.

They were in rivalry with the Counts of Toulouse and recognized the sovereignty of the Counts of Barcelona or the kings of Aragon , which guaranteed them an almost autonomous position. In the 12th century, the Trencavel territories were Cathar centers and became a target of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209, in which the family lost all their possessions. In 1240 Raimund II Trencavel tried unsuccessfully to regain Carcassonne.

  • fascé de gueules et d'argent, chargé de ravelles de sable . (The coat of arms of Trencavel before 1247).

  • fascé de gueules et d'hermine . (The coat of arms of Trencavel after 1247).

  • fascé d'or et d'hermine . (The wrong coat of arms).

Trencavel tribe list

Aton I. ( Vice Count of Albi )

  1. Bernard Aton I († 937) (Vice Count of Albi)
    1. Aton II. († 942) (Vice Count of Albi)
      1. Bernard Aton II († 990) (Vice Count of Albi)
        1. Aton III. (d.1030) (Vice Count of Albi)
          1. Bernard Aton III. († 1060) (Vice Count of Albi)
            1. Raimund Bernard Trencavel († 1074) (Vice Count of Albi and Nîmes)
              1. Bernard Aton IV. († 1129) (Vice Count of Albi, Nîmes, Agde, Carcassonne, Béziers and Razès)
                1. Roger I († 1150) (Vice Count of Carcassonne and Razès)
                2. Raimund I of Béziers († 1167) (Vice Count of Béziers, Carcassonne and Razès)
                  1. Cécilie married to Count Roger Bernard I of Foix
                  2. Roger II Taillefer († 1194) (Vice Count of Carcassonne, Béziers and Razès)
                    1. Raimund-Roger († 1209) (Vice Count of Carcassonne, Béziers and Razès)
                      1. Raimund II Trencavel († 1263)
                        1. Roger III Trencavel († after 1269) took part in the Eighth Crusade in part
                        2. Raimund III. Trencavel († 1270)
                  3. Beatrix married to Count Raimund VI. from Toulouse
                  4. Adeleide married to Sicard V. Vice Count of Lautrec
                3. Bernard Aton V. († 1159) ( Vice Count of Agde and Nîmes )
                  1. Bernard Aton VI. († after 1214) (Vice Count of Agde and Nîmes)
                4. Ermengarde married to Count Gausfred III. of Roussillon
                5. Discriminatory married to Rostaing d'Uzès
            2. Frotarius I (Bishop of Nîmes)
          2. Isabella married to Count Raimund Berengar I of Barcelona
        2. Frotarius II ( Bishop of Nîmes and Albi)
      2. Frotarius of Cahors (Bishop of Cahors)
    2. Frotarius II of Albi (Bishop of Albi)
    3. Sicard I. ( Vice Count of Lautrec ) ancestor of the Vice Counts of Lautrec

literature

  • Frederic L. Cheyette: The 'Sale' of Carcassonne to the Counts of Barcelona (1067-1070) and the Rise of the Trencavels , in: Speculum 63 (1988), pp. 826-864
  • André Dupont: Le vicomte Bernard-Aton IV (1074-1129) , in: Mémories de l'Académie de Nîmes VII, 56 (1965-1967), pp. 153-177
  • Louis d'Alauzier: L'héritage des Trencavels , in: Annales du Midi 62 (1950), pp. 181-186
  • Hélène Débax: La féodalité languedocienne XIe-XIIe siècles. Serments, hommages et fiefs dans le Languedoc des Trancavel (2003), pp. 72-85
  • Sylvette Rouillan-Castex: Bernard-Aton Trencavel et les Carcassonnais , in: Carcassonne et sa région: fédération historique du Languedoc méditerranéen et du Roussillon (1970), S-147-151

Web links

Commons : Trencavel  - collection of images, videos and audio files