Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Herbst

Wilhelm Herbst

Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Herbst (born November 8, 1825 in Wetzlar , † December 20, 1882 in Halle (Saale) ) was a German high school teacher and director, philologist and historian.

Life

Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm was the son of the teacher and later director of high schools in Wetzlar and Duisburg Johannes Christian Gottlieb Herbst (born March 7, 1793 in Pößneck; † November 28, 1866 in Wetzlar) and his wife Friederike Sophie Magdalene Wilhelmine Sell (born December 30, 1802 in Darmstadt; † December 27, 1856 in Duisburg). After attending school and grammar school in Wetzlar, he attended grammar school in Duisburg in 1841 . After passing university entrance qualification, he moved to the University of Bonn in the summer semester of 1844 , where he studied classical philology with Friedrich Ritschl and Friedrich Gottlieb Welcker . During his studies in 1844 he became a member of the Fridericia Bonn fraternity . During his student days he developed a particular interest in history, which is why he attended lectures by Heinrich von Sybel and Ludwig von Urlichs . He was particularly enthusiastic about the lectures by Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann on the French Revolution.

In the winter semester of 1845 he continued his philological and historical studies at the University of Berlin with August Boeckh and Leopold von Ranke . After completing his studies at Easter 1847, he returned to Duisburg, where he pursued further philological studies. In August 1848 he received a position as a private tutor at Neuwied and in the same year went to Halle, where he did his military service. At the University of Halle-Wittenberg he passed his examination as a grammar school teacher in 1849 and received his doctorate in philosophy on January 23, 1850 under Gottfried Bernhardy with the historical work De civilibus Atheniensium factonibus belli Peloponnesiaci aetate . From Easter 1850 he completed his teacher training year at the grammar school in Duisburg, but was appointed as a scientific assistant teacher at the Friedrich Wilhelm grammar school in Cologne after six months before the usual deadline .

Only a few months later, in the following year, he received an appointment to the Vitzthum-Gymnasium Dresden and the associated educational institution of Karl Justus Blochmann . In Dresden he found friends in Alfred Fleckeisen and Rudolf Kögel, and from 1853 onwards he found fruitful ideas through short trips to Germany and a larger one through southern Germany, northern Italy and Bohemia. After he had devoted himself to further studies in Bonn from the summer of 1854, on October 7, 1854, he again accepted a teaching position at the grammar school in Elberfeld , where he received the position of a third senior teacher at Easter 1855. From 1856 to 1857 he studied theological studies at the University of Berlin with Karl Immanuel Nitzsch and August Twesten . After another trip through Switzerland and Northern Italy, he took on the position of first senior teacher at the grammar school in Kleve on October 5, 1858 .

Herbst received the title of professor there in 1859 and became rector of the educational institution on April 16, 1859. On October 10, 1860, he moved to the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Gymnasium in Cologne as rector, from Easter 1865 he was rector of the grammar school and the associated secondary school in Bielefeld , and Michaelis in 1867 he became provost and rector of the monastery Our Dear Women in Magdeburg . His next place of work took him to the Prussian state school in Pforta as rector at Easter 1873 . He worked here for some time until painful rheumatoid arthritis and an accompanying heart condition and the threatening decrease in his eyesight forced him to take a longer vacation in 1876. After a stay in Coburg, in the fall of 1877, his rectorate resigned in Schulpforte and retired to Halle. After he had already received an honorary doctorate in theology at the University of Halle in 1870, after his retirement in 1878 he received an honorary professorship for education in 1881 and became director of the educational seminar at the University of Halle-Wittenberg. He stayed that way until the end of his life.

He married Luise, the daughter of Pastor CW Th Wellershaus, in Kleve in the fall of 1860 and had three sons and three daughters. One daughter died young in Magdeburg, the other children survived the father.

Act

Without question, Herbst had made a name for himself as a teacher and director of several higher German school facilities. Above all, his literary work has been sustainable. He had not only provided biographies of Matthias Claudius , Karl Gustav Heiland and Johann Heinrich Voss himself, but also contributed with articles in the journals Daheim (1866-1882), the Kölnische Zeitung , the Jahrbuch für classische Philologie (1871-1880) and the German literature journal on the historical literary development in Germany. As the editor of the third year of the German Literature Journal and the Encyclopedia of Modern History (Gotha 1880–1890, 5th vol.), He also had an aftereffect until the dawn of the 20th century.

Publications (selection)

• Classical antiquity in the present. A historical consideration. Leipzig 1852 (online)
• Sparta's Foreign Policy in the Peleponnesian War. Leipzig 1853.
• On the history of the foreign policy of Sparta in the age of the Peloponnesian War. Dresden 1853 ( in the Dresden Online program ), Paderborn 2011 ( online sample )
• Matthias Claudius the Wandsbeck messenger. Gotha 1857; 3. Edition. 1863. (online) ; (numerous new editions)
• German poetry in the war of liberation. With a review of related seals. A lecture read in Elberfeld on March 2, 1858. Mainz 1859 (online)
• Brief notes on the high school's earlier history. Cleve 1860 In: Progr. Cleve Gymn.
• Mytilene's defection from Athens in the Peleponnesian War. A contribution to the historical understanding of Thucydides. Cologne 1861.
• Speech by the grammar school director Prof. Dr. Fall on the introduction as director. Cologne 1861. In: Program Cologne Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasium.
• Historical auxiliary book for the upper classes of grammar schools and secondary schools. Mainz, 1864–1867, 3 parts, Mainz 3rd part, 1864 (online) ; Mainz 1870 2nd edition. 2nd part (online) , 3rd edition. 1873; (numerous new editions)
• Frederick the Great's Amtimarchiavel, a mirror of his government principles and his character. Duisburg 1864 (online)
• Historical source book on ancient history. Leipzig 1866–1875, 5th booklet with Baumeister and Weidner, Leipzig, 1866, 1st edition. 1. Issue, Dept. 1, (online) ; 2nd Edition. 1st issue, 1st department 1870 Leipzig (online)
• A school speech. Cologne 1865 In: Program Cologne Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasium.
• A school speech. Bielefeld 1867. In: Bielefeld Gymnasium program.
• Karl Gustav Heiland. A picture of life. Halle / Saale 1869 (online)
• On the question about history lessons in higher schools. An extended foreword to the historical auxiliary book. Mainz 1869.
• Johann Heinrich Voss. Leipzig 1872–1876, 2 vol .; 1. Volume 1872 (online) , (Reprinted in Bern 1970)
• King's birthday speeches. Held at the Pedagogy for the Monastery of Our Dear Women in Magdeburg. Mainz 1873 (3rd edition 1879)
• Address at the foundation festival on May 21, 1875. Pforta 1876. In: Program Pforta Landesschule. Pp. 10-12
• Address for the 333rd birthday of our gate. Naumburg 1877. In: Program Pforta State School. Pp. XI-XII.
• The recent and newest history on high schools. A vote. Mainz 1877.
• Auxiliary book for German literary history for the use of the upper classes in grammar schools and secondary schools. 2 volumes Gotha 1879, 8th edition. 1906.
• The New High German literature at the top level of high school and secondary school education. Explanatory remarks on the auxiliary book for the history of German literature. Gotha 1879.
• Goethe in Wetzlar. 1772. Four months from the poet's youth. Gotha 1881.
• From school and home. Popular educational essays. Gotha 1882.

literature

• Eduard Jacobs :  Autumn, Wilhelm . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 50, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1905, pp. 218-226.
• H. Zuborg: Wilhelm Herbst, b. November 8, 1825, died December 20, 1882. In: Annual report on the progress of classical antiquity. Verlag S. Calvarv & Co, Berlin 1883, 19th vol., 26th vol., 1881, 1st department, pp. 45-49.
• Karl Urban: School news. In: Yearbook of the Pedagogy for the Monastery of Our Dear Women in Magdeburg. Verlag E. Baensch jun., Magdeburg 1884, 48th issue, pp. 46-48.
• Christoph König (Ed.), With the collaboration of Birgit Wägenbaur u. a .: Internationales Germanistenlexikon 1800–1950 . Volume 2: H-Q. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2003, ISBN 3-11-015485-4 , p. 723.
• Franz Kössler: Personal dictionary of teachers of the 19th century. Giessen University Library, Giessen Electronic Library, 2008, Preprint, p. 259, (online)
• Jonas Flöter: New Humanism and the "Court Preacher Party" . On historical-philosophical and church-political positions in Wilhelm Herbst (1825–1882). In: Antje Roggenbach, Michael Wermke (Ed.): Religious socialization, upbringing and education in a historical perspective. Fields of work in historical religious education. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2014, ISBN 978-3-374-03377-5 , pp. 51-71.
• Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume II: Artists. Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6813-5 , pp. 316-317.

Web links

• Entry on Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Herbst in the Catalogus Professorum Halensis