Gilbert Hérail

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Grand master coat of arms of Gilbert Hérail

Gilbert Hérail (also Gilbert Erail ; † December 20, 1200 ) was from February 1193 the twelfth Grand Master of the Templar Order .

He came from Aragon and joined the Knights Templar at a young age. He stayed in the provinces of Provence and Aragon, where he took part in the Reconquista against the Spanish Moors . In 1188 at the latest, he led these order provinces; In October 1190 at the latest, he was present as Grand Preceptor of the Order at the siege of Acre . In 1193 after the death of Robert de Sablé he was elected Grand Master.

Gilbert promoted peace between Christians and Muslims in Outremer by diplomatic agreement with the Egyptian Sultan al-Adil I. concluded. Some did not agree with this policy and accused him of treason.

In 1196 the tensions between the Templar and Hospitaller orders escalated in a dispute over the possession of a small castle near Margat , which the Templars violently and illegally wrested from a vassal of the Hospitallers. Only through the mediation of Pope Innocent III. the dispute was settled and the castle returned.

Gilbert also took care of the consolidation of the order's possessions in France and Puglia .

In Spain the Templars took an active part in the Spanish Reconquista and in 1196 received some possessions around their settlement in Alfambra from King Alfonso II of Aragon as a reward for their successes in slaughter.

literature

  • Christian Vogel: The right of the Templars. Selected aspects of Templar law. Lit, Münster 2007, ISBN 3-8258-0776-2 .
  • Malcolm Barber: The new knighthood. A history of the Order of the Temple. Cambridge University Press, 1995, ISBN 0-521-55872-7 . (English)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jochen Burgtorf: The Central Convent of Hospitallers and Templars. History, Organization, and Personnel (1099 / 1120-1310). Brill, Leiden 2008, ISBN 9-004-16660-2 , p. 545.
  2. ^ A b Wilhelm Ferdinand Wilcke: History of the Templar Order. CHF Hartmann, Leipzig 1826, p. 120
  3. ^ André Schott: Hispania illustrata. Volume 3, p. 59.
predecessor Office successor
Robert de Sablé Grand Master of the Knights Templar
1193–1200 		Philippe du Plessiez
personal data
SURNAME Gilbert Hérail
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gilbert Herail; Gilbert Erail
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Grand Master of the Templar Order
DATE OF BIRTH 12th Century
DATE OF DEATH December 20, 1200