National Assembly (Poland)

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Sejm building in Warsaw, venue of the National Assembly: on the left in the picture the presidential chair (with wooden parapet), in the foreground the seat of the chairman

The National Assembly ( Polish: Zgromadzenie Narodowe ) is a constitutional body in the Republic of Poland whose most important constitutional task is to take the oath of office from the President .

Constitutional anchoring and powers

According to Article 114, Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of April 2, 1997 , the National Assembly consists of the Deputies of the Sejm (460) and the Senators (100), so in total it has 560 members. The leadership of the National Assembly is incumbent on the Sejm Marshal , who can be represented by the Senate Marshal. The National Assembly can adopt its rules of procedure (Art. 114, Paragraph 2).

According to Article 130 of the Constitution, one of the tasks of the National Assembly is to take the oath of the newly elected President of the Republic of Poland, thereby assuming his office. In the event of re-election, the president is sworn in again in accordance with the practical interpretation of the constitution.

Furthermore, the National Assembly is authorized to declare the President's provisional incapacity (e.g. due to illness) with a two-thirds majority of the total number of its members (i.e. at least 374 votes) (Art. 131, Paragraph 2, Point 4). Likewise, the National Assembly can indict the President with a two-thirds majority for violating the constitution before the State Court . This vote requires a motion from at least 140 members of the National Assembly (Art. 145, Paragraph 2).

Otherwise, the National Assembly may be convened to hear a speech from the President. Other Sejm and Senate meetings held on different solemn occasions do not constitute a national assembly under the Constitution, although they are sometimes incorrectly referred to as such in the media.

history

Historically, the National Assembly from 1921 to 1935 also had the right to elect the President and to revise the Constitution every 25 years from the initial resolution under the “March Constitution” . The latter was never used because the constitution was changed in another way and the National Assembly was repealed. According to the “March Constitution”, the National Assembly consisted of 444 Sejm deputies and 111 senators, ie 555 members.

After the reintroduction in 1989, the National Assembly was able to elect the President, which only happened once. A constitutional amendment in 1990 denied her this right, but gave her the right and the task of changing the constitution and, until 1992, of establishing the validity of the presidential election. The current constitution was adopted in 1997 by the National Assembly. It provides for a direct election of the president by the people and the constitutional amendment by separate resolutions of the Sejm and Senate.

Meetings of the National Assembly

December 23, 2005: Lech Kaczyński is sworn in
August 6, 2010: Bronisław Komorowski was sworn in
June 4, 2014: Address by the President
  1. December 9, 1922 - Election of the President of the Republic of Poland
  2. December 11, 1922 - Acceptance of the oath of office from the President of the Republic of Poland Gabriel Narutowicz
  3. December 20, 1922 - Election of the President of the Republic of Poland and taking the oath of office from Stanisław Wojciechowski
  4. May 31, 1926 - Election of the President of the Republic of Poland ( Józef Piłsudski was elected, but he did not accept the election)
  5. June 1, 1926 - Election of the President of the Republic of Poland
  6. June 4, 1926 - Warsaw, Royal Castle - taking the oath of office from the President of the Republic of Poland Ignacy Mościcki
  7. May 8, 1933 - Warsaw, Sejm building - election of the President of the Republic of Poland
  8. May 9, 1933 - Warsaw, Royal Castle - Taking the oath of office from the President of the Republic of Poland Ignacy Mościcki (2nd term)
  9. July 19, 1989 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Election of the President of the People's Republic of Poland , taking the oath of office from Wojciech Jaruzelski and addressing the President
  10. December 22, 1990 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Receipt of the oath of office from the President of the Republic of Poland Lech Wałęsa
  11. April 23, 1992 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Constitutional law passed
  12. October 17, 1992 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Constitutional law passed
  13. September 22, 1994 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Resolution on the rules of procedure of the National Assembly
  14. December 23, 1995 - Warsaw, Sejm building - taking the oath of office from the President of the Republic of Poland Aleksander Kwaśniewski
  15. January 19, 1996 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Decision to amend the Rules of Procedure of the National Assembly
  16. April 2, 1997 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Constitution passed
  17. December 6, 2000 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Resolution on the rules of procedure of the National Assembly
  18. December 23, 2000 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Acceptance of the oath of office from the President of the Republic of Poland Aleksander Kwaśniewski (2nd term of office) and address by the President
  19. December 23, 2005 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Receipt of the oath of office from President of the Republic of Poland Lech Kaczyński and address by the President
  20. August 6, 2010 - Warsaw, Sejm building - taking the oath of office from the President of the Republic of Poland Bronisław Komorowski and addressing the President
  21. May 29, 2014 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Decision on the rules of procedure of the National Assembly
  22. June 4, 2014 - Warsaw, Sejm building - Address by President Bronisław Komorowski
  23. August 6, 2015 - Warsaw, Sejm Building - taking the oath of office from the President of the Republic of Poland Andrzej Duda
  24. April 15, 2016 - Poznan , Exhibition Hall - Address by President Andrzej Duda

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b c Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 2 kwietnia 1997 r. uchwalona przez Zgromadzenie Narodowe w dniu 2 kwietnia 1997 r., przyjęta przez Naród w referendum konstytucyjnym w dniu 25 maja 1997 r., podpisana przez Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w dniu 16 lipca 1997 r. In: Dziennik Ustaw, sejm.gov.pl. April 2, 1997, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  2. ↑ a b Protokół z posiedzenia Zgromadzenia Narodowego dla wyboru Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej w Warszawie z dnia 8 maja 1933 r. In: Monitor Polski, sejm.gov.pl. May 9, 1933, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  3. ↑ a b Protokół posiedzenia Zgromadzenia Narodowego, zwołanego w celu złożenia przysięgi przez nowo wybranego Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. In: Monitor Polski, sejm.gov.pl. December 23, 2000, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  4. ↑ Ustawa z dnia 17 marca 1921 r. - Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. In: Dziennik Ustaw, sejm.gov.pl. March 17, 1921, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  5. ↑ a b Protokuł przekazania władzy przez Naczelnika Państwa Józefa Piłsudskiego Prezydentowi Rzeczypospolitej Gabrjelowi Narutowiczowi. In: Dziennik Ustaw, sejm.gov.pl. December 15, 1922, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  6. ↑ Protokuł przekazania władzy przez Marszałka Sejmu Macieja Rataja Prezydentowi Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej Stanisławowi Wojciechowskiemu. In: Dziennik Ustaw, sejm.gov.pl. December 21, 1922, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  7. ↑ Daria Nałęcz, Tomasz Nałęcz : Józef Piłsudski, premier Rzeczypospolitej 2 X 1926–27 VI 1928, 25 VIII – 4 XII 1930 . In: Andrzej Chojnowski, Piotr Wróbel (Ed.): Prezydenci i premierzy Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej . Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, Wydawnictwo, Breslau, Warsaw, Krakow 1992, ISBN 83-04-03854-4 , p. 248-249 .
  8. ↑ a b Protokół przekazania władzy przez Marszałka Sejmu Macieja Rataja Prezydentowi Rzeczypospolitej Ignacemu Mościckiemu. In: Dziennik Ustaw, sejm.gov.pl. June 4, 1926, Retrieved December 9, 2012 .
  9. ↑ Protokół Zgromadzenia Narodowego dnia 9 maja 1933 r. In: Monitor Polski, sejm.gov.pl. May 9, 1933, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  10. ↑ Jaruzelski was elected President of the People's Republic of Poland , only from December 31, 1989 was the official title President of the Republic of Poland . Uchwała Zgromadzenia Narodowego z dnia 19 lipca 1989 r. w sprawie wyboru Prezydenta Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej. In: Monitor Polski, sejm.gov.pl. July 19, 1989. Retrieved December 7, 2012 .
  11. ↑ Uchwała Zgromadzenia Narodowego z dnia 22 grudnia 1990 r. w sprawie stwierdzenia ważności wyboru Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. In: Monitor Polski, sejm.gov.pl. December 22, 1990, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  12. ↑ 5 kadencja, Zgromadzenie Narodowe (December 23, 2005). In: Monitor Polski, sejm.gov.pl. December 23, 2005, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  13. ↑ Protokół posiedzenia Zgromadzenia Narodowego zwołanego w celu złożenia przysięgi przez nowo wybranego Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. In: Monitor Polski, sejm.gov.pl. September 24, 2010, accessed December 7, 2012 .
  14. ↑ Protokół Zgromadzenia Narodowego zwołanego w celu wysłuchania orędzia Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. In: Monitor Polski. June 27, 2014, accessed May 25, 2015 .
  15. ↑ Andrzej Duda złoży przysięgę 6 sierpnia. In: TVN24 .pl , May 24, 2015 (Polish).
  16. ↑ Postanowienie Marszałka Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 9 March 2016 r. w sprawie zwołania Zgromadzenia Narodowego w celu wysłuchania orędzia Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. In: Monitor Polski. March 9, 2016, accessed January 5, 2018 .