Eligiusz Niewiadomski
Eligiusz Niewiadomski (born December 1, 1869 in Warsaw , Russian Empire ; † January 31, 1923 ibid) was a Polish painter and murderer of the first President of the Second Republic of Poland, Gabriel Narutowicz .
Life
Niewiadomski studied painting and drawing a. a. at Wojciech Gerson in Warsaw, then he worked as an illustrator for various magazines and exhibited his pictures. He wrote the book History of Art .
Niewiadomski was politically linked to radical nationalist circles. After 1918 he worked for the Polish Ministry of Education and Culture. After the First World War, his political commitment to the Endecja increased to fanaticism . The first regular presidential elections in the Second Polish Republic in 1922 resulted in a relative majority in the first ballot for the national democratic candidate Maurycy Zamoyski , but as the largest landowner in Eastern Poland, this was rejected by the left-wing parties. With the support of the minority groups, Gabriel Narutowicz was elected as the first state president of the republic on December 9, 1922 . For the right-wing National Democrats and especially for Niewiadomski, Narutowicz was a “symbol of shame” because he was elected by the non-Polish parliamentarians. On December 16, 1922, Niewiadomski shot Narutowicz on the way to an art exhibition on the stairs of Galeria Zachęta . The assassin was arrested immediately, tried on December 30, 1922 and sentenced to death.
Although the majority of the National Democrats initially condemned the act, Niewiadomski was soon stylized as a hero and national fighter. When he carried a rose with him when he was executed (by shooting) on January 31, 1923 and warned against the “moral dictatorship” of Józef Piłsudski , he became a symbol of right-wing nationalists.
literature
- Antony Polonsky : Politics in Independent Poland: The Crisis of Constitutional Government. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1972, ISBN 0-19-827182-4 , pp. 110-111.
- Polski Słownik Biograficzny , Volume 23, pp. 72-75.
- Frank Golczewski : Polish-Jewish Relations 1881–1922. A study on the history of anti-Semitism in Eastern Europe. Steiner, Wiesbaden 1981, ISBN 3-515-03361-0
- Andrea Rudorff: Niewiadomski, Eligiusz. In: Wolfgang Benz (Hrsg.): Handbuch des Antisemitismus. Hostility to Jews in the past and present . Vol. 2/2: People L – Z. De Gruyter Saur, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-24072-0 , pp. 586f.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans Roos: History of the Polish Nation 1916-1960. Stuttgart 1964, p. 104f.
- ↑ Hans Roos: History of the Polish Nation 1916-1960 , Stuttgart 1964, p. 105.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Niewiadomski, Eligiusz |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish painter and murderer by Gabriel Narutowicz |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 1, 1869 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Warsaw |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 31, 1923 |
| Place of death | Warsaw |