1674

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1674
Sweden invades the Uckermark without declaring war and thus triggers the Swedish-Brandenburg War .
Wilhelm Ludwig becomes Duke of Württemberg .	Johann III. Sobieski is elected King of Poland after defeating the Ottomans .
1674 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	1122/23 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1666/67 (September 10-11)
Bengali solar calendar	1079/80 (beginning of April 14th or 15th)
Buddhist calendar	2217/18 (southern Buddhism); 2216/17 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	72nd (73rd) cycle Year of the wood tiger甲寅 ( at the beginning of the year water buffalo 癸丑)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	1036/37 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	4007/08 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar	1052/53
Islamic calendar	1084/85 (April 6/7)
Jewish calendar	5434/35 (September 30th / October 1st)
Coptic calendar	1390/91 (September 10-11)
Malayalam calendar	849/850
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1984/85 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1985/86 (turn of the year October)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1730/31 (April)

Events

Politics and world events

Eastern Europe

• Ottoman-Polish War 1672–1676 : Poland is on the offensive.
• 19th bis 21st June : In a Free Choice is John III. Sobieski was elected King of Poland and thus ruler of Poland-Lithuania .

Western and Northern Europe

• February 19 : The Second Peace of Westminster is signed. He ends the Third Anglo-Dutch Sea War and restores the situation before the war between the two nations.

Siege of Besançon, Adam Frans van der Meulen

Siege of Besançon, Adam Frans van der Meulen

• April 26th to May 22nd : During the Dutch War , the French King Louis XIV besieged and conquered the city of Besançon and incorporated Franche-Comté into his empire. Besançon becomes the capital of the new county on October 1st .

Battle of Sinsheim, engraving by Sébastien de Beaulieu 1698

• June 16 : In the Dutch War , the French army under Turenne's leadership succeeds in forcing the entrenched imperial troops to retreat after bitter fighting in the battle of Sinsheim .
• July 2nd : Wilhelm Ludwig is after the death of his father Eberhard III. Duke of Württemberg .
• August 11 : The battle of Seneffe in the Dutch War between a French army and an army made up of Dutch, Spaniards and imperial troops ends in a draw. Both sides then claim victory for themselves.

Plan of the Battle of Enzheim

• October 4th : There is an undecided outcome in the battle of Enzheim between imperial and French troops in the Dutch War .
• December 25th : A Swedish army with between 13,700 and 16,000 men and 30 artillery pieces invades the Uckermark via Pasewalk without declaring war , thus triggering the Swedish-Brandenburg War .

America and the Caribbean

• February 19 : The Third Anglo-Dutch War ends with the Peace of Westminster . Thus the Dutch colony New Netherland final English colony .
• July 20 : A Dutch attempt to land on the Caribbean island of Martinique as part of the Dutch-French conflict in Europe is repulsed by the French colonial troops stationed there .

• After hibernating near what is now Chicago , Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet return to civilization from exploring the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River .

economy

• The Saxon cloth merchant Benjamin Metzler founds a trading company in Frankfurt am Main , which later became the Metzler bank .
• The Westphalian hardware producer and merchant Johann Caspar Harkort I. founded in Westerbauer the near Hagen Harkort'sche factory , which later became the 1930 disused bridge-building company Harkort in Duisburg-Hochfeld seen.

Culture

• Dieterich Buxtehude writes the funeral music Mit Fried und Freud for his father, who died on January 22nd .

Title page of the Topographia with the Upper Austrian coat of arms

• Georg Matthäus Vischer publishes his Topographia Austriae superioris modernae , a collection of 222 views ( topographies ) engraved in copper of cities, monasteries, lordships and castles belonging to Upper Austria .

religion

• The Zurich professor Johann Heinrich Heidegger and his Geneva colleague François Turrettini draft the Consensus Helveticus , a condemnation of Moyse Amyraut's doctrine of predestination . It will be declared binding in reformed Switzerland in the following years.

Historical maps and views

Copenhagen 1674

Born

First half of the year

• 0January 4th : Johann Siegmund Kirchmayer , German Protestant clergyman and university professor († 1749 )
• January 12 : Alexis Simon Belle , French painter († 1734 )
• January 22nd : Dorothea Maria of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg , Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen († 1713 )
• January 23 : Dorothea Christina von Aichelberg , as wife of Karlstein, the wife of Christian Karl of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön-Norburg († 1762 )
• January 28 : Jean Ranc , French painter († 1735 )

• 0March 5th : Sophie Eleonore von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern , Guelph princess and canoness in Gandersheim Monastery († 1711 )
• March 14 : Johann Anderson , German legal scholar, politician, natural scientist and linguist († 1743 )
• March 30th : Jethro Tull , English agricultural pioneer, is considered the father of agricultural science († 1741 )

• 0April 8 : Johann Burckhardt Mencke , German scholar, publisher and editor († 1732 )

• May 23 : James Scott, Earl of Dalkeith , Scottish soldier († 1705 )

• June 26 : Johann Jacob Syrbius , German philosopher and Lutheran theologian († 1738 )
• June 28 : Pier Leone Ghezzi , Italian painter, etcher and draftsman († 1755 )

Second half of the year

• July 17th : Isaac Watts , British songwriter († 1748 )
• 0August 2 : Philippe II. De Bourbon, duc d'Orléans , Duke of Chartres, Duke of Orléans and Regent of France († 1723 )
• August 12 : Maria of Lorraine , Princess of Monaco († 1724 )
• August 20 : Christian Karl of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön-Norburg , Brandenburg-Prussian officer († 1706 )
• September 29 : Jacques-Martin Hotteterre , French composer and flautist († 1763 )
• 0October 3 : Giampietro Zanotti , Italian painter, etcher, poet and art historian († 1765 )
• October 29 : Eleonore von Dönhoff , Brandenburg-Prussian noblewoman († 1726 )
• 0November 7th : Christian III. , Count Palatine and Duke of Pfalz-Zweibrücken († 1735 )
• 0November 9th : Johann Adalbert Angermayer , German-Bohemian painter († 1740/1742)
• 0December 9 : Paul Heinecken , German painter, draftsman and architect († 1746 )
• December 27 : Auguste , Princess of Dargun († 1756 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Isaac Rand , English pharmacist and botanist († 1743 )

Died

First half of the year

• 0January 3 : Ludwig Heinrich , Count Palatine and Duke of Simmern-Kaiserslautern (* 1640 )
• 0January 5 : Ebba Magnusdotter Brahe , Swedish lady-in-waiting and businesswoman (* 1596 )
• 0January 8 : Justus van Egmont , Dutch painter (* 1602 )
• January 12th : Giacomo Carissimi , Italian composer (* 1605 )
• January 16 : Heinrich Rantzau the Younger , Danish-German traveler to the Orient (* 1599 )
• January 21 : Henri de La Trémoille , Duke of Thouars (* 1598 )

• February 13 : Jean de Labadie , Franco-German mystic and Pietist separatist (* 1610 )
• February 22nd : Jean Chapelain , French writer (* 1595 )
• February 24 : Matthias Weckmann , German composer (* 1616 )
• 000February: Egbert Jans van Leeuwarden , Dutch watchmaker (* 1608 )

• 0March 2 : Johann Heinrich Hummel , Swiss Protestant clergyman (* 1611 )

• 0April 5 : Georg Friedrich , Count or Prince of Nassau-Siegen (* 1606 )
• April 18 : John Graunt , English haberdashery, founder of demography and pioneer of modern statistics (* 1620 )

• 07 May : Heinrich Wolter von Streversdorf , auxiliary bishop in Cologne and Mainz (* 1588 )

• 0June 4th : Jan Lievens , Dutch painter (* 1607 )

Second half of the year

• 0July 2nd : Eberhard III. , Duke of Württemberg (* 1614 )

• August 11th : August , Provost of Magdeburg (* 1650 )
• August 12 : Philippe de Champaigne , French painter (* 1602 )
• August 27 : Wenzel Scherffer von Scherffenstein , German Baroque poet and translator (* around 1603 )

• 0September 1 : Auguste Magdalene von Hessen-Darmstadt , German aristocrat and poet (* 1657 )
• 0September 5 : Hermann Nottelmann , German educator (* 1626 )
• September 12 : Nicolaes Tulp , Dutch surgeon (* 1593 )
• September 16 : Johann Botsack , German Protestant theologian (* 1600 )
• September 22nd : Gerbrand van den Eeckhout , Dutch painter (* 1621 )
• September 27th : Thomas Traherne , English poet and theologian (* 1636 )
• October 10 : Michael Friedrich Lederer , German legal scholar (* 1639 )

• 0November 4 : Kanō Tan'yū , Japanese painter (* 1602 )
• 0November 8 : John Milton , English poet (* 1608 )
• November 17th : Isbrand van Diemerbroeck , Dutch medic (* 1609 )

• 0December 9 : Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon , English statesman and historian (* 1609 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Claus von Ahlefeldt , field marshal and commander of all Danish armed forces in Norway (* 1614 )
• Heinrich von Ahlefeldt , lord of the noble estates Lehmkuhlen, Lindau, Glasau and lord of Heiligenstedten Castle (* 1592 )
• William Brenton , English politician

Web links

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