1672

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1672
Rampjaar of the Netherlands
After Charles II of England declared war , Louis XIV also launched war against the Netherlands .
Dutch politician Johan de Witt is lynched along with his brother Cornelis de Witt for alleged conspiracy.	Nehemiah Grew authors Idea of a Philosophical History of Plants .
1672 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	1120/21 (July turn of the year)
Ethiopian calendar	1664/65 (10/11 September)
Bengali solar calendar	1077/78 (beginning of the year April 14 or 15)
Buddhist calendar	2215/16 (Southern Buddhism); 2214/15 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	72nd (73rd) cycle Year of the Water Rat壬子 ( at the beginning of the year Metal Pig 辛亥)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	1034/35 (April turn of the year)
Dangun era (Korea)	4005/06 (October 2nd/3rd)
Iranian calendar	1050/51
Islamic calendar	1082/83 (28/29 April)
Jewish calendar	5432/33 (September 21/22)
Coptic calendar	1388/89 (September 10/11)
Malayalam calendar	847/848
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1982/83 (April turn of the year) Syria: 1983/84 (October turn)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese calendar)	1728/29 (April)

events

politics and world affairs

Anglo-Dutch War / Dutch War

The events in the Netherlands in 1672

• March: The English King Charles II declares war on the Netherlands . The Anglo-Dutch War is the third in a series of naval wars between the two countries in the 17th-18th centuries. Century and soon expands into a pan-European conflict . The Dutch Rampjaar begins, heralding the end of the Dutch Golden Age .
• April 6: The French King Louis XIV declares war on the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands . In the period that followed, he marched into the country with troops. His advance is diplomatically secured with other powers such as Cologne and Münster , among other things by the Treaty of Dover .

The Burning Royal James at the Battle of Solebay, Willem van de Velde the Younger

• June 7th: In the naval battle in the Solebay , the Netherlands under Admiral Michiel de Ruyter can prevent the naval blockade of their coast by the Anglo-French fleet with a surprise attack.
• July: Christoph Bernhard von Galen , Prince-Bishop of Munster , invades the Netherlands and captures several towns, including the fortress of Coevorden . On July 21 he begins the siege of Groningen .
• August 20: Dutch politician Johan de Witt is brutally murdered along with his brother Cornelis de Witt by supporters of the House of Orange . The brothers are blamed for the wars in Rampjaar . William III of Orange is then elected governor, captain general and admiral of the Netherlands.

Siege of Groningen

• August 28: The provincial city of Groningen under Carl von Rabenhaupt frees itself from the siege by Christoph Bernhard von Galen . From 1700 the Gronings Ontzet festival is celebrated to commemorate the event. Rabenhaupt succeeds in recapturing Coevorden in December.

Ottoman-Polish War

• August: The Ottoman Empire enters the territory of Polish Ukraine in the Ottoman-Polish War with a force of up to 100,000 combat troops led by Grand Vizier Köprülü Fâzıl Ahmed under Sultan Mehmed IV and captures the fortress of Kamieniec Podolski on August 26 . Due to internal quarrels between King Michael Wisniowiecki , who came to power in 1669 through the masses of the lower nobility , and the magnates, who want to force the king to abdicate, the weakened Poland-Lithuania is completely unprepared for another war blocked by the Liberum veto twice in the first half of the year by the king's supporters, the Polish Reichstag did not order higher taxes to increase the troop contingent in the face of the Ottoman declaration of war.
• September 20: The Ottoman army begins the siege of Lemberg . The Crimean Tatars begin raids between the Wieprz , San , Bug and Wislok rivers , in an area enclosing the cities of Zamość , Lviv, Biecz and Drohobych .
• 5th to 14th October: Jan Sobieski leads a "campaign against the Tatar raids" ("Wyprawa Sobieskiego na czambuly tatarskie") with up to 4,000 men of private cavalry. He can use it to free up to 44,000 people from the Crimean Khanate who had been driven into slavery on the Crimean peninsula . However, his campaign has no bearing on the outcome of the 1672 campaign.
• October 18: The Treaty of Buczacz grants the Ottoman Empire Podolia with the fortress of Kamieniec Podolski and almost all of the right-bank Ukraine to the Doroshenko Cossacks as vassals of the Sublime Porte . In addition, the Polish crown undertook to pay the Turkish sultan an annual tribute of 22,000 "czerwony złoty ".

Other events in Europe

• February 28: Duke Christian of Liegnitz , Brieg , Ohlau and Wohlau dies. His son Georg Wilhelm I ascended the throne at the age of twelve as the last ruler of the Silesian Piasts . During his lifetime, Duke Christian decreed how the regency of his country should be regulated after his death. According to this, the guardianship of Georg Wilhelm, who was not yet of age, falls to his mother Luise and the three provincial governors of the principalities he left behind. Honorary guardianship is transferred to the Elector of Brandenburg, Friedrich Wilhelm , and to Prince Johann Georg II of Anhalt. Since it is to be feared that Emperor Leopold , as the Bohemian sovereign, will take over the supreme guardianship of the orphaned Prince Georg Wilhelm in order to then have him raised as a Catholic, Georg Wilhelm is taken to Frankfurt in Brandenburg one day before his father dies. For this reason, he is not allowed to return to Brieg for his father's funeral on March 31. A house is rented in Frankfurt and Georg Wilhelm is taught according to a training program set up by his tutor. On August 23, he donates the Order of the Golden Stag .
• Maximilian Heinrich von Bayern , Archbishop of Cologne , concludes the Kendenicher recess with the mayor and council of the city of Cologne to settle the dispute after the city of Cologne has built a fortress on the city wall, which, since the city of Cologne ends exactly with the city wall, in extends into the territory of the Archdiocese. The warring parties promise to keep peace in the future. Disputes are only settled before the Reich Chamber Court in Speyer. The city of Cologne also undertakes to demolish the fortifications or to provide some other form of satisfaction.
• April 14: Friedrich Wilhelm III. , last Duke of Saxe-Altenburg , dies of smallpox at the age of 14. After the associated extinction of the ducal dynasty in Saxe-Altenburg, the territory was divided between Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Gotha . Gotha, which receives the lion's share of the duchy, thus becomes the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg .

business

First edition of the Mercure Galant

• January: The French monthly magazine Mercure Gallant appears for the first time.
• The private bank C. Hoare & Co. is founded.

science and technology

• The English botanist , physician and physiologist Nehemiah Grew authored the Idea of ​​a Philosophical History of Plants , establishing phytotomy , the science of the shape of plants .

Crater on Rhea photographed by Voyager 1

• December 23: Italian-French astronomer and mathematician Giovanni Domenico Cassini discovers Saturn 's moon Rhea .

Culture

• February 9: At the Opernhaus am Taschenberg in Dresden, the world premiere of the earliest fully preserved German opera Drama or Musical Drama von der Dafne by Marco Giuseppe Peranda and Giovanni Andrea Bontempi takes place.
• March 11: The Learned Women ( Les Femmes savantes ), a comedy by French poet Molière , premieres on the stage of the Palais Royal in Paris.

society

• Ottoman official Hacı Ali wrote a diary about the 1672 campaign against Poland-Lithuania.

religion

• March 15: King Charles II of England issues the Royal Declaration of Indulgence . It aims at tolerance towards English Catholics . The following year, it had to be withdrawn by the king due to parliamentary resistance.

Born

First half of the year

• January 13: Lucia Filippini , the founder of the Congregation of Sisters Maestre Pie Filippini († 1732)
• January 16: Francesco Mancini , Neapolitan conductor and composer (died 1737)
• 17 January: Antoine Houdar de la Motte , French playwright, librettist and poetic in the age of Louis XIV († 1731)
• January 24: Albrecht Friedrich von Brandenburg-Schwedt , electoral Brandenburg-Prussian lieutenant general and master of the Order of St. John († 1731)
• January 26: Anna Mons , Westphalian citizen, lover of Peter the Great († 1714)

• February 13 – Étienne François Geoffroy (the Elder), French chemist and physician (died 1731)
• March 21: Johann Georg Abicht , theologian and linguist († 1740)

• April 11: Johann Christian Bucke , German Lutheran theologian (died 1723)
• May 1 Joseph Addison , British writer and politician (died 1719)

Peter I the Great

• June 9: Peter I the Great , Tsar and Grand Duke of Russia and first Emperor of the Russian Empire († 1725)
• June 11: Francesco Antonio Bonporti , Italian priest and composer (died 1749)
• June 13: Anna Maria Franziska , Princess of Saxe-Lauenburg, Countess Palatine of Neuburg and Grand Duchess of Tuscany († 1741)
• June 17: Charlotte of Hesse-Homburg , Duchess of Saxe-Weimar (d. 1738)

Second half of the year

• July 16: Barbara FitzRoy , illegitimate daughter of King Charles II of England (d. 1737)
• July 29: Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond , illegitimate son of King Charles II of England (d. 1723)
• August 1: Sebastian Edzardus , German philosopher, Lutheran controversy theologian and missionary († 1736)
• August 2: Johann Jakob Scheuchzer , Swiss physician and naturalist († 1733)
• September 16: Gustav Georg Zeltner , Protestant theologian († 1738)
• September: Antoine Forqueray , French composer and royal chamber musician († 1745)

• October 3 Friedrich Gottlieb Kettner , German Lutheran theologian and church historian (died 1739)
• 7 October: Ernst Ludwig I , Duke of Saxe-Meiningen († 1724)
• October 12: Albrecht Meno Verpoorten , German educator and Lutheran theologian (died 1752)
• October 21: Pylyp Orlyk , leader of the Zaporozher Cossacks (d. 1742)

• November 1: Wilhelm Chenu de Chalsac l'Aujardiere , Prussian colonel and adventurer (d. 1731)
• November 10: Johann Adolf von Metsch , Imperial Vice Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire († 1740)
• November 22: Justus Falckner , German-American Lutheran pastor (d. 1723)
• November 26: Ernst Wladislaus von Dönhoff , Prussian lieutenant general († 1724)

• December 19: Johann Christian Rindt , German organ builder († 1744)
• December 21: Benjamin Schmolck , German hymn writer († 1737)
• 21 December: Johann Christoph Schwedler , German Lutheran theologian and hymn writer († 1730)
• December 24: John Wanton , governor of the Colony of Rhode Islands and Providence Plantations (died 1740)

Exact date of birth unknown

• Georg Andreas Agricola , German physician and botanist († 1738)
• Domenico d'Angeli , Italian architect and builder (died 1738)
• Rosamunde Juliane von der Asseburg , German noblewoman († 1712)
• Nicolas de Grigny , French composer († 1703)
• Sebastian Regondi , Italian stonemason and sculptor (died 1717)

Died

Date of death secured

• 0January 4: Friedrich von Ahlefeldt , lord on Kohøved, Bienebek and Hald (b. 1627)
• 0January 5: Men-Fort Gabriel , Swiss clergyman (b. 1608)

• 0February 3: Philipp Valentin Voit von Rieneck , Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (b. 1612)
• 0February 4: Anna Maria Martinozzi , one of the Mazarinettes and Princess of Conti (b. 1637)
• 28 February: Christian , Duke of Brieg, Wohlau and Ohlau (b. 1618)

• 0March 2: Christoph Gumpp the Younger , Austrian court architect and court carpenter (b. 1600)
• 0March 8: Daniel von Plessen , German administrative official (b. 1606)
• March 12: Ludmilla Elisabeth von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , German hymn poet (b. 1640)
• March 14: Johann Wilhelm Simler , Swiss poet (b. 1605)
• March 26: Anna Persauter , victim of the witch hunts in Saulgau (b. 1624)

• 0April 4: Heinrich Ernst zu Stolberg , Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode (b. 1593)
• April 14: Friedrich Wilhelm III. , Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (b. 1657)
• April 21: Franz Burmeister , Protestant theologian and poet (b. 1633)
• April 27: Kurt Reinicke von Callenberg , German soldier and administrative official (b. 1607)

• 0May 5: Samuel Cooper , English miniaturist (b. 1609)
• May 27: Johann Arnold Friderici , German physician and botanist (b. 1637)
• May 28: Richard Nicolls , English colonial governor of New York Province (b. 1624)

• June 12: Charles Paris d'Orléans-Longueville , Duke of Longueville, Prince of Neuchâtel (b. 1649)

• 0July 3: Francis Willughby , English naturalist (b. 1635)
• 0July 6: Johann Georg Reinhard , German jurist and administrator (b. 1606)
• 0July 9: Daniel Colonius the Younger , Dutch legal scholar (b. 1608)
• July 21: John Underhill , English Puritan, colonist and captain in the Massachusetts Bay Company in North America (b. 1597)

Johan de Witt

• August 20: Johan de Witt , Dutch statesman (b. 1625)
• August 20: Cornelis de Witt , Dutch politician (b. 1623)
• August 29: Nicolaus Zapf , German Lutheran theologian (b. 1600)

• 14 September: Henri Charles de La Trémoille , leading figure of the Fronde (b. 1620)
• September 16: Anne Bradstreet , the first American poet whose works were published (b. 1612)
• September 29: Johannes Müller , German Lutheran theologian (b. 1598)
• October 17: Anna Maria von Baden-Durlach , German poet and painter (b. 1617)

• 0November 4: Lucas van Uden , Flemish painter and etcher (b. 1595)
• November 12: Melchior Barthel , German sculptor (b. 1625)
• November 12: Jean Nocret , French painter and portraitist (b. 1615)
• November 14: Franciscus Sylvius , Hessian-Dutch physician, anatomist and scientist (b. 1614)
• 16 November: Heinrich Schütz , German musician, composer and organist of the Baroque period (b. 1585)
• 19 November: John Wilkins , Bishop of Chester (b. 1614)

• 0December 6: Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro , Spanish colonial administrator and viceroy of Peru (b. 1632)
• 0December 7: Richard Bellingham , governor of the English Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. 1591/92)
• 12 December: Charles Stewart, 6th Duke of Lennox , Scottish nobleman (b. 1639)
• December 15: Johann Brunnemann , German jurist (b. 1608)
• 16 December: John II Casimir , King of Poland (b. 1609)
• December 17: Giovanni Antonio Boretti , Italian singer and composer (b. c. 1640)
• 19 December: Dorothea Diana von Salm , Countess of Hanau-Lichtenberg (b. 1604)
• 21 December: Petrus Zander , German Evangelical Lutheran minister (b. 1619)
• December 29: Francisco de Meneses Brito , Spanish officer and governor of Chile (b. 1615)

Exact date of death unknown

• Yoshida Mitsuyoshi , Japanese arithmetic author (b. 1598)

web links

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