Petrus Zander

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Petrus Zander (born October 16, 1619 in Dobbertin ; † December 21, 1672 ibid) was a German Evangelical Lutheran clergyman.

ancestors

Oxenstiernas letter of protection

Petrus Zander came from a family of prominent pastors, professors and lawyers. His ancestor Jacobus Zander (Sander), a minister of the Scottish King Jacob V , came to Zütphen in the Netherlands as a religious refugee from Scotland after the king's death in 1543 . In 1567 the family fled from the persecution of the Evangelicals by Fernando Alvarezde Toledo, the 3rd Duke of Alba , via Rostock to Bützow in Mecklenburg, who was sent to the rebellious Netherlands as captain general of the Spanish King Philip II. Enoch I Sander, born in 1544, acquired citizenship of Bützow as a surgeon in 1567, was town bailiff from 1578 and councilor from 1581. His 1579 born son Enoch II Sander (Zander) took over after studying theology at the University of Rostock in 1608, the preacher at the nobles convent in Dobbertin Monastery , where he arrived May 4, 1638 at the plague died. His predecessor there was his father-in-law Peter Röbelmann. Enoch Zander married his daughter Margaritha Röbelmann in 1607, who died of the plague on June 6, 1638 in Dobbertin.

Live and act

Petrus Zander was born on October 16, 1619 as the fifth child of Enoch and Margaritha Zander in Dobbertin. His father, who was pastor in the noble monastery in Dobbertin, taught him until he was 10 years old. At the age of eleven he was enrolled at the University of Rostock in May 1630 as Petrus Zander Dobbertinensis Megapol , but continued to attend schools in Güstrow , Wismar and Lüneburg . In 1630 he was tutored in Güstrow by Rector Schedl and Volckher. Whitsun 1631 his father took him to the old school at the Marienkirche in Wismar, where he studied hard for three years under the supervision of Rector Jeremia Nigrinus and his deputy Cunatius. In 1634 he visited the Johanneum Lüneburg , where he stayed for only one year with the rector Paul Blocki and Henning Wedemann. Both the ladies of the monastery and the court president Paschen von der Lühe noticed that he was a talented student . At the age of 16 he began studying Protestant theology at the University of Rostock on Michaelis 1635 under the professor of theology Johann Quistorp .

When the plague raged in Mecklenburg in 1638, Petrus Zander lost almost his entire family. His father died on May 4, 1638 and his mother on June 6, 1638 in Dobbertin. His brother Ulricus, pastor of Siggelkow , had died of the plague on March 13, 1638, his sister Magaritha died on September 14, 1638. Peter, who had just finished his studies at the time, was a talented and energetic young person, as did the Monastery ladies wanted to transfer the pastoral office without hesitation. After trial sermons on August 26, 1638 in the Dobbertiner monastery church , on September 9, 1638 in Schwerin Cathedral and on September 24, 1638 in Güstrow Cathedral , at the intercession of the monastery captain Paschen von der Lühe, he was only 19 years old on September 25, 1638 - in the middle in the Thirty Years War  - ordained as successor to his father by the superintendent Lucas Bacmeister .

The people in the widely scattered monastery villages suffered from the war. Passages and billeting of imperial and Swedish troops, robbery and looting afflicted them. Dobbertin had also been badly hit. In 1639 the residents fled to Werder, an island in Jager See, today's Dobbertiner See, with their pastor Petrus Zander . There they were shot at by Swedish soldiers with fire tubes from the land and one bullet almost hit the pastor. The poor house was burned out, the rectory and the church badly damaged, even the roof was missing. Petrus Zander therefore married in 1639 in Rostock as a safe place - one day after his sister Regina also succumbed to the plague on February 27, 1639.

The president of the regional and court court in Güstrow and monastery captain Paschen von der Lühe auf Thelkow sent Petrus Zander on June 3, 1640 as an envoy in "monastery matters" unaccompanied by horse and ship on an arduous and dangerous journey to Sweden. During his Sunday sermons in the palace chapel in Stockholm Palace and in the German Church (Tyska kyrkan), the 21-year-old must have made a deep impression on Queen Christina , who wanted to appoint him as court preacher for Stockholm's German congregation . But Peter's rejection was probably an unheard of affront to the queen, because she did not issue him a diploma for a noble elevation, but instead had the falcon put a hood on his family coat of arms. In two published standard works on all Mecklenburg pastors since the Thirty Years War, there is written about a nobility revolt. In the lexicon published by Parchimer Christoph Cleemann in 1809 on all ecclesiastical and ecclesiastical officials and servants in Mecklenburg , we can read about Petrus Zander: ... was pastor of Dobbertin and was given to the Queen of Sweden, Christina, to whom he was on behalf of his cloister had been sent, ennobled, should also be pastor of the German congregation in Stockholm, but forbade it. This text was also adopted by Gustav Willgeroth in his three volumes on Mecklenburg-Schwerin parishes since the Thirty Years' War of 1924. However, Zander moved back to Dobbertin in the Schwinzer Heide , where he had married his young wife Gertrud the year before. After four months he arrived back in Dobbertin on September 28, 1640. For the nobles monastery he had 100 Reichstaler and the Swedish regency under Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna made out Schutzbrief received. The letter of protection freed the monastery and its villages from taxes, billeting and other war difficulties. That it had little effect on the Swedish troops can still be seen today from the meticulously kept account books of the master chef of those years.

Funeral sermon

After his return from Sweden lived Zander and his wife Gertrud possibly some years at nearby Lohmen , at least their sons Enoch and Joachim were baptized there in 1641 or 1643, as the Taufeinträge in the church book of the village church Lohmen show. Shortly after Joachim was born, Gertrud died. Petrus Zander married Dorothea Schwengel, daughter of a master goldsmith from Bützow , on September 24, 1644 in Dobbertin . After the second wedding at the latest, the family lived again in Dobbertin, where Zander remained pastor until the end of his life. When his advocate Paschen von der Lühe died in 1653, he gave him the funeral sermon "in an elegant noble and respectable gathering", which was also published in print. From 1662 Petrus Zander was also church visitation commissioner . He died on December 21, 1672 at the age of 53. The funeral sermon was held after the New Year on January 2, 1673, by Praepositus Johannes Moll from Lübeck's town church in Goldberg . Zander's second wife Dorothea outlived him by almost forty years. She died on September 7, 1712 with her children in Bützow and was buried in Lohmen on October 7, 1712.

family

Petrus Zander had 14 children from two marriages. On February 28, 1639 he married Gertrud Kölzow, the daughter of the council tailor from Rostock. In his family book, begun in 1638 and preserved to this day, he lists his three children from his first marriage. His first son, born on December 7th, 1639 in Dobbertin, was buried on December 10th, 1639. The son Enoch, born on January 2, 1641, was pastor in Brüz near Goldberg from 1669 until his retirement in 1703 , where he was called "Enoch Zander father" because his son of the same name succeeded him in the pastorate and in 1729 also provost of the preposition Goldberg and in 1741 became superintendent in Güstrow. Petrus Zander's third son Joachim, born on December 9, 1643, died in January 1644 after his mother Gertrud died on December 27, 1643. At that time, Petrus Zander was sick and bedridden for six weeks.

Zander had eleven children from his second marriage to Dorothea Schwengel: The first daughter Anna Catharina Zander, born on August 19, 1645 in Dobbertin, married Pastor Georg Schwarz zu Kirch Kogel on September 12, 1666 . The second daughter Margaritha died in 1647 five weeks after she was born. On January 19, 1649, Paschen Zander was born in Dobbertin, whose godfather was undoubtedly the monastery captain Paschen von der Lühe. After studying law at the University of Rostock in 1701, Paschen became a ducal-Mecklenburg Oberlizentkomissar and Vice-Mayor of Bützow. Petrus and Dorotheas Zander's second son died at birth. Margaritha Dorothea Zander was born on September 13, 1651 in Dobbertin and married on September 24, 1673 in Lohmen Bernhard Lukow, who was introduced as pastor there on September 23, 1673. The daughter Gertrud Zander, born on March 26, 1654 in Dobbertin, married the head of the collegiate church there, Reinhold Metzmacher , on December 4, 1672 in Bützow . Born on October 10, 1656 in Dobbertin, Conrad Daniel Zander was after his studies from 1678 to 1695 pastor in Hornstorf and then in Bützow. Levecke Zander, born on February 19, 1659 in Dobbertin, died after nine months. Elisabeth Zander was baptized on May 4, 1661 in Dobbertin and married the local pastor Johannes Müller on April 21, 1686 in Sietow . Only the date of baptism June 30, 1664 is known of the daughter Asmy Zander, she is said to have died young. Also of Ölgard Regina Zander only the date of birth July 22nd 1666 in Dobbertin is known.

literature

  • David Franck : Old and New Mecklenburg. Güstrow, Leipzig 1756, p. 149.
  • Gustav Willgeroth : The Mecklenburg-Schwerin Parishes since the Thirty Years' War. Second delivery, Wismar 1924, pp. 298-299.
  • ZANDER ARCHIVE: News from our ancestors in 1859. Collected by Prof. Dr. Ludwig Zander , director of the Lauenburg School of Academics in Ratzeburg. Copy made by Paul-Rene Zander zu Kirchzarten in 1953.
  • Paul-Rene Zander: ZANDER ARCHIVE. Petrus Zander, PRZ V / 2002.
  • Petrus Zander: Family book Pastor Petrus Zander. Dobbertin 1638.
  • Claus Cartellieri: Pastor Petrus Zander - Ambassador for Dobbertin. In: MECKLENBURGICA SACRA 13 (2010), ISBN 978-3-94197-03-3 pp. 177-180.
  • Christoph Cleemann: Syllabus Circulaium of the Seniorum, Praepositorum, Pastrum and all ecclesiastical and church officials and servants of the parish and church history of Mecklenburg. Parchim 1810, pp. 287-288.
  • Johann Clamor Buhholz: Detailed information from the church and parish matters relating to Mestlin and Ruest and what seemed necessary to know about their thorough overview, and confirmed by accompanying writings, plans and tables by Johann Clamor Buchholz, pastor of Mestlin and Ruest at that time, written in the Years 1784 and 1785. Handwritten records in the Mestlin parish archives, unpublished. Mestlin 1785.

sources

State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)

  • LHAS 2.12-3 / 4 churches and schools.
  • LHAS 2.12-3 / 5 protocols of church visits. No. 170, 186.
  • LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Provincial Monastery / Monastery Office Dobbertin.

Regional Church Archives (LKAS)

  • LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Specialia, Personalia and exams.

Rostock University Library

  • Dept. special collections. Funeral sermon with considerable confirmation from Mr. PRTRI Zanders , given on January 2, 1673 by Johannes Moll, Präpositozu Goldberg, Güstrow 1673.
  • Dept. special collections. LB 552 Christian teaching and consolation sermon at the adelichem funeral of Mr. Pasch von der Lühe, given on July 4, 1653 by Petrus Zander, Pastor of Dobbertin, Rostock 1653.

Swedish National Archives

  • Protocols from 1640, 1641, Stockholm 1898.
  • Letter of protection for the Dobbertin Monastery issued by the Swedish Regency Council on August 12, 1640 for the monastery and for Petrus Zander (Reichsregistratur August 12, 1640).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Adelslexikon, Volume XVI, 2005, pp. 459–461.
  2. ↑ Petrus Zander: Familienbuch 1638.
  3. ↑ ZANDER ARCHIVE: News from our ancestors. Collected in 1859 by Prof. Dr. Ludwig Zander, Ratzeburg.
  4. ↑ Entry in the Rostock matriculation portal
  5. ↑ ZANDER ARCHIVE: Family table extract PRZ V / 2005.
  6. ↑ Entry in the Rostock matriculation portal
  7. ↑ Johannes Moll: Funeral Sermon Petri Zander. 1673, pp. 10-12.
  8. ↑ LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Landeskloster / Klosteramt Dobbertin. No. 386 Monastery captain Paschen von der Lühe 1626–1653.
  9. ↑ Ludwig Zander: News from our ancestors. 1859, pp. 6-7.
  10. ↑ Petrus Zander: Familienbuch 1638.
  11. ↑ Johannes Moll: Funeral Sermon Petri Zander. 1673, pp. 21-23.
  12. ↑ LHAS 2.12-3 / 5 Church visit protocol . No. 187 Amt Goldberg and Dobbertin.
  13. ↑ Petrus Zander: Family book. 1638.
  14. ↑ LHAS 3.1-3 / 2 Landeskloster / Klosteramt Dobbertin. No. 178 Bills Syndicus, No. 368, 378 Paschen von der Lühe 1623–1653.
  15. ↑ Johannes Moll: Funeral Sermon Petri Zander. 1673, p. 23.
  16. ↑ Paul-Rene Zander: ZANDER ARCHIVE, Petrus Zander PRZ V./2005.
  17. ↑ Friedrich Johann Christoph Cleemann: Biographical directory of the Seniorum, Praepositorum, Pastorum and all ecclesiastical and church officials and servants as the entrance to the B of the archival lexicon of the parish and church history of Mecklenburg. 1890/1810, pp. 287-288.
  18. ^ Gustav Willgeroth: The Mecklenburg-Schwerin Parishes since the Thirty Years' War. 1924, pp. 298-299.
  19. ↑ Horst Alsleben : Young pastor on a delicate mission. Petrus Zander came from a Mecklenburg family and became a pastor in Dobbertin at the age of 19. SVZ, Mecklenburg-Magazin, November 12, 2021.
  20. ↑ SVENSKA RIKSRÄDETS PROTOCOL, Königl. Riksarkivet VIII. 1640, 1641. Stockholm 1898, p. 202.
  21. ↑ Riksarkivet Stockholm on March 25, 1993 to Horst Alsleben, Schwerin: You will also receive copies of the letter of protection for the Dobbertin Monastery issued by the Swedish Regency Council on August 12, 1640. The amount of money was also decided by the Regency Council for the monastery and for Petrus Zander (Reichsregistratur August 12, 1640).
  22. ↑ Landeskirchliches Archiv Schwerin, church book entry on Lohmen, excerpt from January 3, 2018.
  23. ↑ Petrus Zander: Family book. 1638.
  24. ↑ Christian teaching and consolation sermon at the Adelichem funeral of Mr. Pasch von der Lühe , given on July 4, 1653 by Petrus Zander, pastor of Dobbertin. Rostock 1653 in the Rostock University Library Dept. Special Collections, Funeral Sermons LB 552.
  25. ↑ Paul-Rene Zander: ZANDER-ARCHIV, Petrus Zander, PRZ V./2005.
  26. ↑ Rostock University Library, Dept. Special Collections: Moll, Johannes: Funeral sermon with considerable confirmation from Mr. Petri Zanders. Guestrow 1763.
  27. ↑ Horst Alsleben : Young pastor on a delicate mission. Petrus Zander came from a Mecklenburg family and became a pastor in Dobbertin at the age of 19 . Schweriner Volkszeitung , November 12, 2021, p. 23.
  28. ↑ Paul-Rene Zander: ZANDER-ARCHIV, Petrus Zander, PRZ V./2005.
  29. ↑ Petrus Zander: Family book. 1638.
  30. ^ Gustav Willgeroth: The Mecklenburg-Schwerin Parishes since the Thirty Years' War. 1924, pp. 293 and 295.
  31. ↑ Petrus Zander: Family book. 1638.
  32. ↑ Paul-Rene Zander: ZANDER-ARCHIV, Petrus Zander, PRZ V./2005.
  33. ↑ Paul-Rene Zander: ZANDER-ARCHIV, Petrus Zander, PRZ V./2005.
  34. ↑ Paul-Rene Zander: ZANDER-ARCHIV, Petrus Zander, PRZ V./2005.
personal data
SURNAME Zander, Peter
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Protestant pastor in the Dobbertin monastery
BIRTH DATE October 16, 1619
PLACE OF BIRTH Dobbertin
DATE OF DEATH December 21, 1672
PLACE OF DEATH Dobbertin