April 18

The April 18 is the 108th day of the Gregorian calendar (109th in leap years ), thus remain 257 days by year end.

Historic anniversaries March · April · May

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Events

Politics and world events

• 0588 : The Eastern Roman troops on the Persian border mutinate against the new army master Priskos after Emperor Maurikios announced a reduction in wages in order to be able to finance his campaigns in the Balkans against plundering Slavs and Avars . However, the Persians cannot take advantage of this situation due to their own military problems.
• 0680 : Yazid I. , after his father's death I. Mu'awiya second caliph of the Umayyad . In large parts of the empire, however, he is not recognized as the rightful ruler due to opposition to the inheritance of the caliphate .

1025: Bolesław I.

• 1025 : Bolesław Chrobry is crowned the first Polish king by a papal envoy in a repeat ceremony after 1000 . The Emperor Heinrich II, who died the year before, had prevented this until then as a staunch opponent of a Bolesław uprising.

1328: Ludwig the Bavarian

• 1328 : Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian declares Pope John XXII, who is residing in Avignon , in Rome . for discontinued. He is reacting to his classification as a heretic by the Pope on October 27, 1327 .
• 1415 : The Bernese can move into Zofingen without a fight , which weakens the Habsburgs' position vis-à-vis the Confederates and lays the foundation for the four regions of today's Canton of Aargau .
• 1417 : Frederick VI. , previously Burgrave of Nuremberg , receives the Electorate of Brandenburg as a hereditary fief and becomes Elector of the Holy Roman Empire. As Margrave Friedrich I, he founded the Brandenburg line of the Hohenzollern family .
• 1518 : Bona Sforza , the youngest daughter of Duke Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan , marries King Sigismund of Poland in Cracow and is crowned Queen of Poland on the same day .
• 1685 : Landgrave Karl von Hessen-Kassel issues the Freedom Concession , according to which French religious refugees receive certain advantages when settling in his country.

Siege of Kaiserswerth 1702

• 1702 : The siege of Kaiserswerth , which Elector Joseph Clemens of Bavaria left to the French allies at the time of the War of the Spanish Succession , begins as part of an imperial execution .
• 1797 : In view of Napoleon Bonaparte's successful campaign in Italy , France and Austria conclude the preliminary peace in Leoben . A six-month armistice and various territorial changes in northern Italy and central Europe are agreed. A final peace agreement takes place on October 17th with the peace of Campo Formio .

1864: Storming of the Düppeler Schanzen

• 1864 : After almost five weeks of siege, the Prussians under Friedrich Karl von Prussia storm the Düppeler Schanzen and inflict the decisive defeat on Denmark in the German-Danish War .
• 1913 : The SPD -Abgeordnete Karl Liebknecht makes the German Reichstag secret information public that the Kornwalzer scandal lead.
• 1927 : In preparation for the reunification of China, the formation of a national government is proclaimed in Nanjing .
• 1930 : In Chittagong ( British India ) an armed uprising breaks out against the British colonial power, which is put down after a few days. On the 8:45 p.m. news, the BBC newscaster announced that no newsworthy events had occurred.
• 1941 : After a dispute with King George II in a cabinet meeting under the impression of the German invasion, the Greek Prime Minister Alexandros Koryzis shoots himself . However, it is officially reported that he died of a heart attack.
• 1942 : During the Pacific War , the Americans surprisingly launch an air raid on Tokyo planned by James Harold Doolittle . The Doolittle Raid causes comparatively little damage, but leads to the development of the balloon bomb project in Japan .
• 1942 : Under pressure from Adolf Hitler, Pierre Laval , who calls for much closer cooperation with the German Reich than Philippe Pétain , is appointed Prime Minister of the Vichy regime .
• 1943 : In the American Operation Vengeance , the Japanese Admiral Yamamoto Isoroku , who was primarily responsible for the attack on Pearl Harbor, is shot down while approaching Bougainville and is killed in the process.

1945: The Americans in Leipzig

• 1945 : During World War II, the city ​​of Leipzig is occupied by US Army units without much resistance. They set up their headquarters in the Hotel Fürstenhof .
• 1946 : The League of Nations dissolves due to the founding of the United Nations in the previous year at its 21st session.
• 1947 : With the largest non-nuclear demolition to date , the British military destroys the bunker facilities on the island of Heligoland . The island changes its appearance permanently when it is blown up.
• 1949 : The Republic of Ireland Act comes into force. Ireland is leaving the Commonwealth of Nations and becomes a republic . The first president is Seán Ó Ceallaigh , who was inaugurated in 1945 .

1949: The United States laid the keel

• 1949 : The USS United States (CVA-58) , the first so-called "supercarrier" , is laid down in the dock of the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company . The suspension of the project on April 23rd led to the admirals' uprising against the military policy of the US government.

1951: The founding members of the ECSC

• 1951 : The Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community , based on the Schuman Plan of the French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman , is signed. The European Community later emerged from the Coal and Steel Community , the Treaty on the European Economic Community (EEC) and the Treaty on the Use of Nuclear Energy .
• 1954 : After the final deposition of Muhammad Naguib is Gamal Abdel Nasser for the second time Prime Minister of the Republic of Egypt .

The participating states in 1955

• 1955 : At the initiative of Gamal Abdel Nasser from Egypt, Jawaharlal Nehru from India and Josip Broz Tito from Yugoslavia, delegates from 23 Asian and 6 African countries, which together make up more than half of the world's population, meet for a conference in Bandung , Indonesia . At the Bandung Conference , politicians used the term Third World for the first time to distinguish it from the political blocs of the First and Second World , and it is therefore regarded as the initial spark for the movement of the non-aligned states founded six years later .
• 1974 : With the exception of Libya, the Organization of Arab Oil Exporting Countries lifts the oil embargo imposed on the West after the Yom Kippur War .

1980: Zimbabwe flag

• 1980 : The British Crown Colony of Southern Rhodesia becomes an independent state as Zimbabwe on the basis of the Lancaster House Agreement of December 21 of the previous year, with Robert Mugabe as Prime Minister. Canaan Banana becomes the country's first president . At the same time, the new flag of Zimbabwe will be introduced.

1983: Destroyed US embassy in Beirut

• 1983 : A suicide bomber committed in the civil war -plagued Lebanon a bomb attack on the US embassy in Beirut in which 60 people died.

1988: The burning frigate Sahand during Operation Praying Mantis

• 1988 : After the USS Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58) hit an Iranian mine in the Persian Gulf on April 14, the United States Navy retaliated against the Iranian Navy, Operation Praying Mantis . The naval battle changes the course of the Iran-Iraq war decisively, as Iran loses most of its navy.
• 1996 : During Operation Fruits of Wrath against Hezbollah , the Israeli army launched an artillery attack on the village of Kana , Lebanon . A station of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon was hit, 106 people who fled there were killed and 116 others injured.
• 1996 : Islamic fundamentalists carry out a terrorist attack on a hotel in Cairo , which leaves 18 dead and 18 seriously injured. The victims are Greek tourists who were mistaken for Israelis.

economy

• 1904 : The French newspaper L'Humanité , founded by Jean Jaurès , appears with its first edition. The paper developed into the central organ of the French Communist Party ( PCF ) for many years .
• 1934 : The first public laundromat opens in the United States , presumably the Washateria in Fort Worth, Texas .
• 1972 : The Japanese company Roland is founded. It quickly developed into one of the most important manufacturers of musical instruments and effects units.
• 2005 : Software company Adobe Inc. announces the purchase of Macromedia for US $ 3.4 billion . The transaction will end on December 3, 2005.

science and technology

• 1831 : The University of Alabama begins teaching immediately after the opening ceremony.

1881: Natural History Museum

• 1881 : The Natural History Museum opens in London , still one of the largest natural history museums in the world today. The basis of the museum is the natural history collection of the physicist and curiosity collector Hans Sloane .

1906: Bertha von Suttner

• 1906 : Bertha von Suttner receives the Nobel Peace Prize that has been awarded to her in Kristiania's town hall . The author of Put Your Arms Down! is the first female award winner.
• 1947 : The South African paleontologist Robert Broom and his assistant John T. Robinson discover the extraordinarily completely preserved skull of an Australopithecus africanus near Sterkfontein and give it the name Mrs. Ples .

1952: Convair YB-60

• 1952 : The long-range bomber Convair YB-60 , developed from the Convair B-36 , has its maiden flight. At this time it was the largest jet aircraft in the world, but its performance was inferior to the Boeing B-52 , which had been developed recently , which is why it remains with this prototype.
• 2013 : The Leipzig power exchange EEX reports a record feed-in. With almost 36 GW, wind and sun alone outperform all conventional energies for the first time on a busy working day in Germany .

Culture

1487: Conrad Celtis

• 1487 : The humanist and poet Conrad Celtis is appointed to the Nuremberg Reichstag by Emperor Friedrich III. as the first German to be crowned " poeta laureatus ".
• 1724 : The opera Calphurnia by Giovanni Bononcini has its world premiere at the King's Theater in London.
• 1771 : The first performance of the operetta Der Dorfbarbier by Johann Adam Hiller based on the libretto by Christian Felix Weisse takes place in Leipzig.
• 1863 : At the Quai-Theater in Vienna the operetta is premiered in one act Flotte Bursche by Franz von Suppè . The libretto is by Josef Braun.
• 1944 : The ballet Fancy Free by Jerome Robbins ( choreography and libretto ) based on music by Leonard Bernstein is premiered at the Ballet Theater in the Metropolitan Opera House in New York .
• 1983 : Disney Channel goes on air in the United States .

1986: Cats

• 1986 : The German premiere of the musical Cats by Andrew Lloyd Webber takes place in the Operettenhaus in Hamburg . The piece will run in Hamburg for almost 15 years.
• 1998 : In Baden-Baden , the largest German festival theater built by Wilhelm Holzbauer is officially opened with a concert by the World Orchestra for Peace .

society

• 1912 : The RMS Carpathia arrives with 705 survivors of the Titanic disaster in New York Harbor, where it is expected by thousands of people who celebrate the crew as heroes.
• 1956 : In Monaco , Prince Rainier III. and the American actress Grace Kelly were officially married.
• 1974 : First use of the final rescue shot with fatal outcome in the Hamburg bank robbery on April 18, 1974 .
• 1996 : The German association Schools on the Net is founded. It was created on the initiative of Federal Education Minister Jürgen Rüttgers and Deutsche Telekom boss Ron Sommer and is intended to help improve the meager technical equipment in schools.

2007: The US Supreme Court

• 2007 : In the case of Gonzales v. Carhart , the United States Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act , which bans abortions in the last two thirds of pregnancy without exception, is constitutional and can be enacted.

religion

• 0309 : Eusebius succeeds Marcellus I as Bishop of Rome .

1506: The Basilica di San Pietro in front of the new building

• 1506 : In Rome , Pope Julius II laid the foundation stone for the monumental and expensive new building of St. Peter's Basilica .
• 1521 : Martin Luther is again interrogated at the Reichstag in Worms and, like the day before, refuses to revoke any of his 95 theses .
• 1802 : On Easter Sunday, the solemn promulgation of the organic articles takes place in the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral . They complement the concordat concluded by France with the Vatican last year and provide it with a legal basis.
• 1909 : The beatification of Joan of Arc by Pope Pius X takes place in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome .
• 2005 : The conclave for the election of the successor of the late Pope John Paul II begins in the Sistine Chapel in Rome. With 115 cardinals eligible to vote , it is the largest conclave to date .

Disasters

1906: San Francisco earthquake

• 1906 : The Californian city ​​of San Francisco is devastated in a severe earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.8 and the resulting fires . Between 700 and 3,000 people die in the process. A clear fault line arises on the San Andreas Fault.

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .

Sports

• 1896 : Foundation of FC Winterthur , at that time still as Excelsior FC Winterthur. The name was changed to FC Winterthur in July of the same year.
• 1923 : The New York Yankees' home stadium , Yankee Stadium , is ceremoniously opened. The Yankees win against the Boston Red Sox 4-1.
• 1926 : The first broadcast of a German international soccer match is recorded in the history of radio . In Düsseldorf, the German team and the Netherlands split 4-2.
• 2017 : In the quarter-finals of the UEFA Champions League against FC Bayern Munich , Cristiano Ronaldo was the first to score 100 goals in the Champions League with a hat trick in the 4-2 second leg win. A week earlier, he was the first player to score 100 goals in UEFA club competition with a brace to win the 2-1 first leg.

Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field .

Born

Before the 18th century

• 0359 : Gratian , Western Roman Emperor
• 1115 : Gertrud von Sachsen , only child of Emperor Lothar III.
• 1480 : Lucrezia Borgia , Italian Renaissance princess
• 1503 : Henry II , titular king of Navarre
• 1521 : François de Coligny-d'Andelot , Colonel General of the French Infantry
• 1529 : Johann IV of Osnabrück , Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück, Münster and Paderborn
• 1588 : Thomas Weinrich , German Lutheran theologian
• 1589 : John of Sweden , Duke of Östergötland and Finland
• 1590 : Ahmed I , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
• 1605 : Giacomo Carissimi (baptism date), Italian composer
• 1608 : Daniel Colonius the Younger , Dutch jurist
• 1622 : Luise Hollandine von der Pfalz , abbess of Maubuisson, painter and engraver
• 1636 : Dorothea Hedwig of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg , abbess of the Gandersheim monastery
• 1636 : Kanō Tsunenobu , Japanese painter

Stechinelli (* 1640)

• 1640 : Stechinelli , Landdrost and court banker of the Guelph dukes
• 1671 : Johann Burchard Freystein , German lawyer and hymn poet
• 1676 : Luke von Breda , Swedish painter
• 1685 : Jacques-Pierre de Taffanel de La Jonquière , French admiral and governor-general of New France

18th century

• 1703 : Johann Gottfried Schaumburg , German legal scholar
• 1710 : Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien , Prussian general
• 1759 : Jacques Widerkehr , French composer and cellist
• 1767 : Elisha Mathewson , American politician
• 1768 : Willie Blount , American politician
• 1768 : Jean-Baptiste Debret , French painter
• 1771 : Aloys Wagner , German Catholic clergyman
• 1772 : David Ricardo , British economist and a leading exponent of classical economics.
• 1773 : Wilhelm von Brockhausen , Prussian general
• 1775 : Christian Nicolaus von Evers , mayor of Lübeck
• 1777 : Ludwig Berger , German composer, pianist and piano teacher
• 1777 : Ignác Ruzitska , Hungarian composer
• 1778 : Christian Friedrich Nasse , German psychiatrist
• 1782 : August Goldfuß , German paleontologist and zoologist
• 1782 : Oldwig von Natzmer , Prussian general
• 1786 : Franz Xaver Schnyder von Wartensee , Swiss composer and music author
• 1788 : Carl von Steuben , French painter
• 1796 : Theodor Märcker , German politician
• 1798 : Antonio Rolla , Italian violin virtuoso
• 1800 : Carl Oestreich , German composer and horn player

19th century

1801-1850

• 1808 : Peter Joseph Blum , Bishop of Limburg
• 1812 : Ferdinand von Arlt , Austrian surgeon and ophthalmologist
• 1813 : Friedrich Hofmann , German writer
• 1813 : Franz Ittenbach , German painter
• 1816 : Heinrich Alwin Aschenborn , German lawyer and district administrator

Michael Phelan (* 1817)

• 1817 : Michael Phelan , American billiards player and entrepreneur
• 1819 : Carlos Manuel de Céspedes , Cuban freedom fighter, founder of the Cuban nation
• 1819 : Franz von Suppè , Austrian composer
• 1822 : August Petermann , geographer and cartographer
• 1827 : Friedrich Ludwig Theodor Friese , German organ builder
• 1828 : August von Wille , German landscape and genre painter
• 1829 : Albert Fischer , Protestant pastor and hymnologist
• 1835 : Joseph Aumer , German orientalist and librarian
• 1837 : Eleuterio Ramírez Molina , Chilean commander in the Battle of Tarapacá
• 1838 : Ewald Bellingrath , German ship designer
• 1838 : Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran , French chemist
• 1838 : Johannes von Widenmayer , German lawyer and mayor of Munich
• 1839 : Henry Kendall , Australian writer
• 1846 : Wilhelm Fischer , Austrian writer
• 1848 : August Gärtner , German physician and microbiologist
• 1849 : Adolf Slaby , German professor (radio technology)

1851-1900

• 1852 : Friedrich von Thiersch , German architect

Clarence Darrow (* 1857)

• 1857 : Clarence Darrow , American attorney, criminal defense attorney, and civil rights activist
• 1858 : Corrado Ricci , Italian archaeologist and art historian
• 1858 : Oscar Tietz , German-Jewish merchant
• 1859 : Viktor Apfelbeck , Austrian-Yugoslav entomologist and museum curator
• 1859 : Kurt von Schleinitz , German officer
• 1860 : Andreas Voigt , German economist and social scientist
• 1863 : Leopold Berchtold , Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister
• 1863 : Siegfried Bettmann , British bicycle, motorcycle and car manufacturer
• 1863 : Irene von Chavanne , Austrian singer (alto)
• 1870 : Hermann Schöne , German classical philologist
• 1873 : Ewald Budde , German politician
• 1875 : Ugo Amaldi , Italian mathematician
• 1875 : Oskar Ernst Bernhardt , German author of the Grail Message
• 1877 : Peter Neuenheuser , German clergyman and Nazi victim
• 1878 : Engelbert Wittich , Yenish writer
• 1879 : August Hinrichs , German writer
• 1879 : Kurt Münzer , German writer
• 1880 : Sam Crawford , American baseball player

Julius Edgar Lilienfeld (* 1882)

• 1882 : Julius Edgar Lilienfeld , American physicist
• 1882 : Leopold Stokowski , English conductor
• 1884 : Jaan Anvelt , Estonian communist and writer
• 1884 : Artur Koenig , German politician and member of the Reichstag
• 1884 : Ludwig Meidner , German painter, poet and graphic artist
• 1885 : Claus Bergen , German marine painter
• 1885 : Hermann Müller , German athlete and Olympic medalist
• 1888 : Frida Leider , German opera singer
• 1888 : Arnold Lunn , British skier, mountaineer and writer
• 1888 : Friedrich Rödel , German resistance fighter against National Socialism
• 1888 : Hans David Tobar , German author, actor and cabaret artist
• 1889 : Luigi Spazzapan , Italian painter and sculptor
• 1890 : Alexander Granach , Austrian-American theater and film actor
• 1891 : Werner Schendell , pseudonym: Roman Quitt , German writer
• 1892 : Bolesław Bierut , Polish President
• 1895 : Michael Felke , German entrepreneur
• 1896 : Isaak Hallemann , educator and Nazi victim
• 1897 : Per-Erik Hedlund , Swedish cross-country skier
• 1899 : Zdeněk Chalabala , Czech conductor
• 1899 : Matthias Leis , German ice hockey goalkeeper
• 1900 : Peter Herkenrath , German painter
• 1900 : Wend von Wietersheim , German lieutenant general

20th century

1901-1925

• 1901 : Hanns Arens , German writer, editor, publisher and critic
• 1902 : Hans Hieronymus , German motorcycle racer
• 1902 : Giuseppe Pella , Italian politician
• 1903 : Leonid Kinskey , Russian-American actor
• 1904 : Giuseppe Terragni , Italian architect
• 1904 : Paul Zapp , German SS officer, war criminal
• 1905 : Karl Gutenberger , German politician, general of the SS and Waffen-SS
• 1905 : George Herbert Hitchings , American biochemist, Nobel Prize winner
• 1905 : Barbara von Kalckreuth , German sculptor

Hermann Krumey (* 1905)

• 1905 : Hermann Krumey , German SS officer, war criminal
• 1906 : Little Brother Montgomery , American blues and jazz pianist
• 1906 : Rudolf Vogel , German politician
• 1907 : Lars Valerian Ahlfors , Finnish-American mathematician
• 1907 : Rudi Godden , German singer and film actor
• 1907 : Philippe Nabaa , Jordanian Archbishop of Beirut
• 1907 : Miklós Rózsa , Hungarian-American film composer
• 1908 : Herbert Sandberg , German graphic artist and caricaturist
• 1910 : Jean Kugeler , Luxembourg artistic gymnast
• 1910 : Rudolf Lange , German SS-Standartenführer, commander of the security police and the SD
• 1911 : Wilhelm Banse , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1911 : Rudolf Wölfl , German philologist, educator and humanist
• 1912 : Hermann Arnold , German medical officer
• 1912 : Max Waldmeier , Swiss astronomer and solar researcher
• 1913 : Werner Steinberg , German writer
• 1915 : Clare Schmitt , German politician
• 1915 : Miroslav Venhoda , Czech choir conductor

Queen Friederike (* 1917)

• 1917 : Friederike Luise , Queen of Greece
• 1917 : Shimao Toshio , Japanese writer
• 1918 : André Bazin , French film critic
• 1918 : Morris Engel , American photographer, cameraman, screenwriter and director
• 1919 : John Taras , choreographer and ballet master
• 1921 : Heinz Werner Hübner , German journalist
• 1921 : Jean Richard , French actor and director, Maigret actor
• 1922 : Anne Daubenspeck-Focke , German sculptor and painter
• 1922 : Barbara Hale , American actress
• 1922 : Nigel Kneale , English writer and screenwriter
• 1922 : Ollie Poole , American football player and coach
• 1923 : Leif Panduro , Danish writer and dentist
• 1923 : Walter Scheler , German accountant, victim of the uprising of June 17, 1953 in the GDR, honorary citizen of Jena
• 1923 : Ferenc Sidó , Hungarian table tennis player
• 1924 : Clarence Gatemouth Brown , American blues guitarist
• 1924 : Zbigniew Śliwiński , Polish pianist and music teacher
• 1925 : Adolf Schmidt , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1925 : Marcus Schmuck , Austrian mountaineer

1926-1950

• 1926 : Horst Käsler , German handball player and trainer and professor of sports didactics
• 1927 : Leo Rajendram Antony , Sri Lankan bishop
• 1927 : Samuel P. Huntington , American political scientist

Tadeusz Mazowiecki (* 1927)

• 1927 : Tadeusz Mazowiecki , Prime Minister of Poland
• 1928 : Ken Colyer , British jazz cornet player
• 1928 : Otto Piene , German artist
• 1928 : Jürgen Seifert , German political scientist and civil rights activist
• 1929 : Jean Jülich , German resistance fighter ( edelweiss pirates ), Righteous Among the Nations
• 1929 : Mario Francesco Pompedda , Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
• 1930 : Jean Guillou , French composer, organist and pianist
• 1930 : Clive Revill , New Zealand actor
• 1931 : Klas Lestander , Swedish biathlete and Olympic champion
• 1932 : Francesco Zagatti , Italian football player and coach
• 1933 : Hans-Peter Blume , German soil scientist
• 1933 : Harald Dietl , German theater and film actor
• 1934 : Jan Klusák , Czech composer
• 1934 : George Shirley , American opera singer
• 1937 : Keiko Abe , Japanese composer and marimba player
• 1937 : Barbara Bredow , German artist
• 1937 : Marcia Haydée , Brazilian dancer and ballet director in Stuttgart
• 1937 : Robert Hooks , American actor

Hannes Androsch (* 1938)

• 1938 : Hannes Androsch , Austrian finance minister, tax advisor and entrepreneur
• 1938 : Roberto Anzolin , Italian football player
• 1938 : Günter Schubert , German actor and voice actor
• 1939 : Jorge Anders , Argentinian band leader and arranger
• 1939 : Walter Außenendorfer , Italian luge rider
• 1940 : Ira von Fürstenberg , actress and jewelry designer
• 1940 : Joseph L. Goldstein , American medic
• 1940 : Gordon Spice , British racing driver and racing car designer
• 1940 : Walter Treser , German car designer and engineer
• 1941 : Jochen Both , German athlete
• 1942 : Jochen Rindt , German-Austrian racing driver
• 1943 : Alejandro Núñez Allauca , Peruvian composer
• 1943 : Günter Bartusch , German motorcycle racer
• 1944 : Carl Appel , Austrian architect
• 1944 : Robert Hanssen , American employee of the FBI, spy for the Soviet Union and Russia
• 1944 : Albin Planinc , Slovenian chess player
• 1945 : Hans-Heinrich Sander , German politician
• 1945 : Wolfgang Stropek , Austrian motorcycle racer
• 1946 : Keith Copeland , American jazz drummer
• 1946 : Hayley Mills , British actress
• 1946 : Skip Spence , American rock musician
• 1947 : Kathy Acker , American writer
• 1947 : Moses Blah , President of Liberia
• 1947 : Guy Goffette , Belgian poet and writer
• 1947 : Konradin Groth , German trumpeter
• 1947 : Herbert Mullin , American serial killer
• 1947 : Jerzy Stuhr , Polish actor

James Woods (born 1947)

• 1947 : James Woods , American actor
• 1947 : Rainer Würdig , German handball player
• 1948 : Georges M. Saad Abi Younes , Maronite Bishop in Mexico
• 1948 : Rainer René Graf Adelmann von Adelmannsfelden , German lawyer
• 1948 : Wolfgang A. Herrmann , President of the Technical University of Munich
• 1948 : Ina Lenke , German politician
• 1948 : Catherine Malfitano , American soprano
• 1948 : Richard Peterkin , Lucian sports official
• 1948 : Harald Schweitzer , German politician
• 1950 : Philip Akin , Canadian actor
• 1950 : Grigori Lipmanowitsch Sokolow , Russian pianist
• 1950 : Wolfram Tschiche , GDR opposition activist and philosopher
• 1950 : Klaus Schneeberger , Austrian politician

1951-1975

• 1951 : Thomas Ebermann , German publicist and politician
• 1952 : Enzo Calderari , Swiss entrepreneur and car racing driver
• 1952 : Bo Katzman , Swiss musician and singer, teacher and choir director
• 1952 : Hans-Ulrich Seidt , German diplomat
• 1953 : Ludger Schepers , auxiliary bishop in the diocese of Essen / Germany
• 1953 : Rick Moranis , Canadian actor and comedian
• 1954 : Annemarie Adlassnig , Austrian politician
• 1954 : Hans Liberg , Dutch music comedian
• 1954 : Torsten Persson , Swedish economist
• 1954 : Dennis Talbot , Australian boxer
• 1955 : Rubén Silva , Bolivian-Polish conductor
• 1956 : Roberto Calderoli , Italian politician
• 1956 : Bob Latta , American politician
• 1956 : Eric Roberts , American actor
• 1957 : Marc Duez , Belgian racing car driver
• 1958 : Shaibu Amodu , Nigerian football coach
• 1958 : Paula Gopee-Scoon , Trinidadian politician
• 1959 : Norihiko Akagi , Japanese politician
• 1960 : Đurđa Adlešič , Croatian politician

Neo Rauch (* 1960)

• 1960 : Neo Rauch , German painter ( New Leipzig School )
• 1960 : Matthias Schubert , German jazz musician
• 1960 : Olena Schupijewa-Vjasowa , Ukrainian long-distance runner
• 1961 : Franco Cesarini , Swiss composer and conductor
• 1961 : Jane Leeves , British actress
• 1962 : Arno Abler , Austrian politician
• 1962 : William N. Watson , English chess player
• 1963 : Siegfried Nagl , Austrian politician (ÖVP)
• 1963 : Steffen Kampeter , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1963 : Thomas Kristl , German soccer player and coach
• 1963 : Marion Mathoi , Austrian actress
• 1963 : Conan O'Brien , American comedian and show host
• 1964 : Zazie , French pop singer
• 1965 : Liz Aronsohn , American badminton player
• 1965 : Andreas Schaad , Swiss Nordic combined athlete
• 1966 : Lidia Borda , Argentine tango singer
• 1966 : Trine Hattestad , Norwegian athlete
• 1966 : Manfred Schwabl , German soccer player
• 1966 : Catrin Striebeck , German actress

Maria Bello (* 1967)

• 1967 : Maria Bello , American actress
• 1967 : Daniel Sodenkamp , German politician
• 1968 : Thomas Eder , Austrian literary scholar
• 1968 : David Hewlett , Canadian actor
• 1968 : Olga Vladimirovna Romasko , Russian biathlete
• 1969 : Anja Greb , German Taekwondo fighter, inline hockey and ice hockey player
• 1969 : Alexander Metzger , German DJ and music producer
• 1969 : Stefan Schwarz , Swedish football player
• 1969 : Bettina Stucky , Swiss actress
• 1969 : Robert Změlík , Czech athlete

Esther Schweins (* 1970)

• 1970 : Vladimir Yuryevich Antipin , Kazakh ice hockey player and coach
• 1970 : Esther Schweins , German actress
• 1971 : Stefan Schnoor , German soccer player
• 1971 : David Tennant , British actor
• 1972 : Lars Christiansen , Danish handball player
• 1972 : Garry McCoy , Australian motorcycle racer
• 1972 : Tetje Mierendorf , German actor and musical singer
• 1972 : Michael Rutter , British motorcycle racer
• 1972 : Gerhard Schick , German politician
• 1972 : Stefanie Schmid , German actress
• 1973 : Ady , Tunisian-Brazilian soccer player
• 1973 : Arnaud Beltrame , French officer in the gendarmerie
• 1973 : Haile Gebrselassie , Ethiopian runner
• 1973 : Luca Pirri , Italian racing car driver
• 1974 : Arturo Di Napoli , Italian football player
• 1974 : Mark Tremonti , American guitarist
• 1975 : GoonRock , American record producer and musician

1976-2000

• 1976 : Rodrigo de la Serna , Argentine actor
• 1976 : Melissa Joan Hart , American actress
• 1976 : Kevin Rankin , American actor
• 1977 : Joakim Andersson , Swedish badminton player
• 1977 : Hassan El Fakiri , Norwegian football player
• 1978 : Helene Abusdal , Norwegian badminton player

Dedê (* 1978)

• 1978 : Dedê , Brazilian-German soccer player
• 1978 : Maxim Podoprigora , Austrian swimmer
• 1979 : Tomáš Abrahám , Czech football player
• 1979 : Anthony Davidson , British Formula 1 driver
• 1979 : Peter Hümmeler , German film director
• 1979 : Máiréad Nesbitt , Irish musician
• 1979 : Pawina Thongsuk , Thai weightlifter
• 1979 : Matthew Upson , English football player
• 1980 : Rabiu Afolabi , Nigerian soccer player
• 1980 : Justin Amash , American politician
• 1980 : Yangzom Brauen , Swiss actress, author and director
• 1980 : Franz-David Fritzmeier , German ice hockey player and coach
• 1980 : Martina Müller , German soccer player
• 1981 : Hannes Amesbauer , Austrian politician

Sol Gabetta (born 1981)

• 1981 : Sol Gabetta , Argentine cellist and television presenter
• 1981 : Maxim Iglinski , Kazakh cyclist
• 1981 : Milan Jovanović , Serbian football player
• 1981 : Claudia Tonn , German heptathlete and long jumper
• 1982 : Ibrahim Hassan al-Asiri , Saudi Arabian terrorist
• 1982 : Olaf Seegert , German handball player
• 1984 : Franklin April , Namibian soccer player
• 1984 : Katherine Maher , US executive, executive director of the Wikimedia Foundation
• 1984 : Michael Muck , German racing cyclist
• 1985 : Melanie Kogler , Austrian actress
• 1985 : Karl Reindler , Australian racing car driver
• 1985 : Diane Willems , German-Belgian actress
• 1985 : Patrizia Wunderl , Austrian actress and cabaret artist
• 1986 : Tina Bru , Norwegian politician
• 1986 : Maurice Edu , American football player
• 1986 : René Villadsen , Danish handball player
• 1987 : Matthew Anderson , American volleyball player
• 1987 : Samantha Jade , Australian singer
• 1987 : Sara Walzik , German handball player
• 1988 : Jurij Ajrapetjan , Ukrainian chess master
• 1989 : Bojan Bogdanović , Croatian basketball player
• 1989 : Jessica , American singer
• 1990 : Stefanie Mirlach , German soccer player
• 1992 : Dzsenifer Marozsán , German soccer player
• 1992 : Corin Rüttimann , Swiss floorball player
• 1994 : Moises Arias , American actor
• 1994 : Michael Gregoritsch , Austrian soccer player
• 1997 : Lukas Boeder , German soccer player

Died

Before the 17th century

• 0680 : Muʿāwiya I , first Umayyad caliph
• 0796 : Æthelred I , two-time king of Northumbria
• 0850 : Perfectus , martyr of Cordoba
• 0963 : Stephanos Lakapenos , fellow Byzantine emperor
• 1076 : Beatrix of Lorraine , Margravine of Tuscia
• 1084 : Friedrich I , Bishop of Münster
• 1118 : Adelheid of Savona , countess and regent of Sicily and queen of Jerusalem
• 1118 : William , Count of Évreux
• 1143 : Gertrud von Sachsen , daughter of Lothar III, mother of Heinrich the Lion
• 1161 : Theobald von Bec , Archbishop of Canterbury
• 1335 : Luther of Braunschweig , Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
• 1426 : Anna , wife of Duke Friedrich von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, the German rival king
• 1504 : Filippino Lippi , Italian painter
• 1519 : Sibylle of Bavaria , Electress of the Palatinate
• 1530 : Franz Lambert von Avignon , Protestant theologian
• 1552 : John Leland , English clergyman and librarian
• 1554 : David Lyndsay , Scottish poet
• 1555 : Polydor Virgil , Italian humanist
• 1566 : Johann Draconites , German theologian, humanistic philosopher and reformer
• 1567 : Wilhelm von Grumbach , knight and adventurer

17th and 18th centuries

Barbel Acarie († 1618)

• 1618 : Barbe Acarie , French Carmelite
• 1636 : Julius Caesar , English judge and royal government official
• 1660 : Susanna Lorántffy , wife of the Transylvanian Prince Georg I. Rákóczi, promoter of the Reformation and benefactress
• 1674 : John Graunt , pioneer of modern statistics
• 1679 : Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau , German writer
• 1684 : Gonzales Coques , Flemish painter
• 1689 : George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys , English Lord Chancellor and Lord Chief Justice in England and Wales
• 1690 : Charles V , Duke of Lorraine, Austrian general
• 1701 : Heinrich , Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg
• 1701 : Joachim Bartholomäus Meyer , German librarian and hymn poet
• 1712 : Louisa Maria Theresa Stuart , Scottish princess
• 1713 : Dorothea Maria of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg , Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen
• 1718 : Michael Wening , Bavarian engraver
• 1726 : Henriette Amalie von Anhalt-Dessau , Princess of Nassau-Dietz
• 1727 : Matthias Steinl , Austrian architect and sculptor
• 1732 : Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg , Prince-Bishop of Breslau, Archbishop of Trier, Archbishop of Mainz and Bishop of Worms and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
• 1737 : Abraham of Crete , Catholicos of Etchmiadzin of the Armenian Apostolic Church
• 1738 : Johann Reinhard Rus , German oriental philologist, Graecist and Protestant theologian
• 1739 : Wolfgang Sigismund von Orsini-Rosenberg , Governor of Carinthia
• 1745 : Francesco Venturini , German composer and violinist
• 1756 : Anna Adelheit Catharina von Bartensleben , German Countess
• 1758 : Lorenz Heister , German botanist and anatomist
• 1763 : Franz Anton Bustelli , sculptor and modeler
• 1765 : Joachim Christian Friedrich von Itzenplitz , Prussian major general
• 1773 : Friedrich von Ahlefeldt , Danish officer and landlord
• 1776 : Johann Joseph von Khevenhüller-Metsch , diplomat of the Habsburg monarchy

19th century

Erasmus Darwin († 1802)

• 1802 : Erasmus Darwin , British poet, scientist and doctor
• 1818 : Ernst Christian Trapp , first German holder of a chair for education
• 1829 : Friedrich Casimir Elias Eichler von Auritz , German officer
• 1840 : Johann Heinrich Fuhr , German businessman
• 1841 : Peter Heinrich Althöfer , German clergyman
• 1845 : Nicolas-Théodore de Saussure , Swiss naturalist
• 1849 : Carlo Rossi , Italian-Russian architect
• 1851 : Christian Friedrich Nasse , German psychiatrist
• 1855 : Jean-Baptiste Isabey , French painter
• 1856 : Joseph Menter , German cellist and music teacher
• 1859 : Heinrich Friedrich von Arnim-Heinrichsdorff-Werbelow , Prussian statesman
• 1861 : Joseph Augenstein , politician and member of parliament from Baden
• 1861 : August Neithardt , German composer
• 1864 : Carl Klinke , Prussian soldier (pioneer)
• 1865 : Léon Dufour , French doctor and naturalist

Justus Liebig († 1873)

• 1873 : Justus von Liebig , German chemist
• 1877 : Franz Hanfstaengl , German painter, lithographer and photographer
• 1880 : Adolf Aronheim , German lawyer and politician
• 1880 : Gerardus Johannes Mulder Dutch physician, pharmacologist, chemist and is considered the discoverer of protein
• 1881 : Max Maria von Weber , Saxon railway director and railway engineer
• 1882 : Louis Gast , German businessman, honorary citizen of Wittenberg
• 1883 : Édouard Albert Roche , French mathematician
• 1887 : Alfred Adelmann von Adelmannsfelden , German officer and writer
• 1891 : Auguste Bazille , French organist and composer
• 1898 : Gustave Moreau , French symbolism painter
• 1900 : Rudolf Charousek , Hungarian chess master

20th century

1901-1950

• 1901 : James Monroe Deems , American composer and brigadier-general in the Civil War
• 1905 : Juan Valera , Spanish poet, politician and diplomat
• 1913 : Lester Frank Ward , American sociologist
• 1921 : August Scherl , major Berlin publisher
• 1926 : Jan Szczepanik , Polish chemist and inventor
• 1928 ; Henryk Melcer-Szczawiński , Polish pianist, conductor, composer and music teacher
• 1930 : Joaquim Arcoverde de Albuquerque Cavalcanti , Brazilian clergyman, Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro
• 1931 : Wilhelm Schneidewind , German agricultural chemist
• 1933 : Albrecht von Graefe , German politician
• 1934 : August Amrhein , German clergyman

Richard Lipinski († 1936)

• 1936 : Richard Lipinski , German trade unionist, politician and writer
• 1936 : Ottorino Respighi , Italian composer
• 1939 : Ishbel Maria Hamilton-Gordon , British social reformer and women's rights activist from Scotland
• 1939 : Matthew Nathan , British officer and colonial administrator
• 1942 : Leonid Ivanovich Kubbel , Russian chess composer
• 1942 : Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney , US patroness and founder of the Whitney Museum of American Art
• 1943 : Isoroku Yamamoto , Japanese Grand Admiral
• 1944 : Hans Lachmann-Mosse , German publisher
• 1945 : John Ambrose Fleming , British electrical engineer and physicist
• 1945 : Alfred Freyberg , German state and local politician
• 1945 : Klaus Junge , German chess master
• 1945 : Wilhelm Prince zu Wied , 1914 Prince of Albania
• 1946 : Franz Heinrich Achermann , Swiss clergyman and author
• 1948 : Erich Metzeltin , German railway engineer
• 1949 : Leonard Bloomfield , American linguist
• 1949 : Paul Hoffmann , German entrepreneur, politician and Member of the National Socialist Party
• 1949 : Ulrich Salchow , Swedish figure skater
• 1950 : Lazarus Goldschmidt , orientalist
• 1950 : Wilhelm Scharrelmann , German teacher and writer

1951-2000

• 1951 : Daisy Bates , Irish-born Australian journalist
• 1951 : António Óscar de Fragoso Carmona , President of Portugal from 1926 to 1951
• 1951 : Arthur H. Vandenberg , American politician
• 1952 : CJ van Ledden Hulsebosch , Dutch pharmacist, chemist and criminalist
• 1953 : David Farbstein , Swiss politician
• 1954 : Émile Marcelin , French composer

Albert Einstein († 1955)

• 1955 : Albert Einstein , physicist and Nobel Prize winner
• 1955 : Martin Gumpert , German-American physician and writer
• 1957 : Huug de Groot , Dutch football player
• 1957 : Ben W. Hooper , American politician
• 1958 : William Joscelyn Arkell , British geologist
• 1960 : Joseph Antz , German educator
• 1962 : Ernst Pein , German entrepreneur
• 1963 : Adriaan Koonings , Dutch soccer player
• 1965 : Wilhelm Arnoldi , German Ministerial Director
• 1966 : Mita von Ahlefeldt , German actress
• 1967 : Otto Brües , German writer
• 1968 : Heinrich Barlage , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• 1969 : Thorsten Ehrig , German handball player
• 1970 : Halfdan Bjølgerud , Norwegian high jumper
• 1972 : Gabriel Cusson , Canadian composer and music teacher
• 1972 : Louis Kukenheim , Dutch Romanist
• 1972 : Willi Lausen , German politician
• 1974 : Nicolae Buicliu , Romanian composer and music teacher
• 1974 : Betty Compson , American actress

Marcel Pagnol († 1974)

• 1974 : Marcel Pagnol , French writer, dramaturge and director
• 1982 : Elisabeth Wilhelmine Johanna Bitterling-Wolters , German painter
• 1984 : Leopold Lindtberg , Austrian director
• 1986 : Antonio Lauro , Venezuelan composer and guitarist
• 1986 : Heinrich Lehmann-Willenbrock , German captain
• 1988 : Oktay Rifat , Turkish writer and lawyer
• 1989 : Adil Atan , Turkish wrestler
• 1989 : Hilde Benjamin , German lawyer, Justice Minister of the GDR, presiding judge in show trials
• 1990 : Bob Drake , American racing car driver
• 1991 : Gabriel Celaya , Spanish writer
• 1993 : Werner Pochath , Austrian actor
• 1995 : Arturo Frondizi , Argentine politician and president
• 1996 : Bernard Edwards , American musician, record producer, and songwriter
• 1996 : Piet Hein , Danish scientist, inventor and man of letters
• 1997 : Herbert Czaja , German politician
• 1999 : Gian-Carlo Rota , Italian-American mathematician
• 1999 : István Vincze , Hungarian mathematician

21st century

• 2001 : Billy Mitchell , American jazz saxophonist

Thor Heyerdahl († 2002)

• 2002 : Thor Heyerdahl , Norwegian anthropologist and adventurer
• 2003 : Rudolf Brunnenmeier , German soccer player
• 2003 : Edgar F. Codd , American mathematician
• 2003 : Toni Hagen , Swiss geologist
• 2005 : Clarence Gaines , American college basketball coach
• 2005 : Hinrich Schwenker , German handball player
• 2007 : Marie Zimmermann , German dramaturge and artistic director
• 2009 : Bruno Adams , Australian singer, songwriter and musician
• 2011 : Olubayo Adefemi , Nigerian soccer player
• 2011 : Curt Meyer , German mathematician
• 2011 : Stefanie Mühle , German actress
• 2012 : José Cerviño Cerviño , Spanish bishop
• 2012 : Dick Clark , American presenter
• 2013 : Hans-Joachim Walde , German athlete
• 2015 : Giselbert Hoke , Austrian painter and graphic artist
• 2015 : Erwin Waldner , German soccer player
• 2016 : Cox Habbema , Dutch actress
• 2016 : Fritz Herkenrath , German soccer player
• 2017 : Gustav Bubník , Czechoslovak ice hockey player and coach
• 2017 : Alexandre de Carvalho Kaneko , Brazilian soccer player and entrepreneur
• 2018 : Bruno Sammartino , Italian wrestler
• 2018 : Max Weinberg , German artist
• 2019 : Lyra McKee , Northern Irish journalist
• 2020 : Leon Boden , German actor and voice actor
• 2021 : Alberth Papilaya , Indonesian boxer

Holidays and memorial days

• Church memorial days
  • Apollonius , Roman martyr (Protestant, the Roman Catholic feast day is on April 21 , the Orthodox on July 23 )
  • St. Pusei , Persian Kuropalates and martyr (Roman Catholic, Protestant memorial day is on March 9th )

• State holidays and memorial days
  • Zimbabwe : Independence from Great Britain (1980)

The list of days of remembrance and action contains further entries .

Web links

Commons : April 18th  - Collection of images, videos and audio files