Bandung

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Bandung
Bandung (Indonesia)
Red pog.svg
Coordinates 6 ° 55 '  S , 107 ° 36'  E Coordinates: 6 ° 55 '  S , 107 ° 36'  E
Symbols
coat of arms
coat of arms
flag
flag
Basic data
Country Indonesia

Geographical unit

Java
province Jawa Barat
ISO 3166-2 ID-JB
height 768 m
surface 168 km²
Metropolitan area 1877 km²
Residents 2,520,256 (2017)
Metropolitan area 6,965,655 (2010)
density 15,001.5  Ew. / km²
Metropolitan area 3,711.1  Ew. / km²
founding 1810
Post Code 40111-40973
Telephone code (+62) 22
Website portal.bandung.go.id
Other | - | Governor | Ridwan Kamil | - | License plate | D.Template: Infobox location / maintenance / comment
Montage of Bandung.jpg
Tangkuban Perahu volcano
The Gedung Sate from colonial times
A group of girls playing angklung in Bandung
Groote Postweg Street around 1938, today Jalan Asia-Africa
The Great Mosque on Alun-Alun
Pasupati Bridge
railway station
The Geologi Museum on a Indonesian commemorative stamp from 2004

Bandung (until 1972: Bandoeng), known as the "City of Flowers" ( Kota Kembang in Indonesian ), is the provincial capital of West Java .

geography

With 2.5 million inhabitants, Bandung is Indonesia's fourth largest city after Jakarta , Surabaya and Medan . From 1940 to 1961 the city's population grew from 230,000 to 1 million people, and by 1990 the city grew to 2 million. The Bandung Raya Plan has been in force since 1987 , through which the city is supposed to grow in a controlled manner outside the city center, mainly to the west and south, for example in the Kopo district and towards Cimahi , but these districts in particular are currently suffering from massive traffic problems, as the important ones Connecting roads (e.g. Jalan Kopo) were not adequately dimensioned. Unofficially, there is talk of three to four million inhabitants today. The local language of the people of Bandung is Sundanese , but almost everyone also speaks Indonesian .

Population development according to the UN

year population
1950 511,000
1960 902,000
1970 1,170,000
1980 1,452,000
1990 2,035,000
2000 2,138,000
2010 2,398,000
2017 2,520,000

history

prehistory

The settlement of the Bandung plateau goes back to the Java man ( Homo erectus ) . Even today, archaeological finds from this period are occasionally found in the Dago area . They are exhibited in the Geological Museum in Bandung.

Early modern age

The oldest written mention of Bandung comes from the year 1488. In 1614 Bandung had 25 to 30 houses. The upswing began in 1786, when the Dutch built a road from Batavia (Jakarta) through the Preanger Mountains to Cirebon as part of the military expansion of the island of Java in order to better protect the country against the English. This Groote Postweg initially passed about 19 km north of today's city center (Alun Alun), and only later was it moved over the main street of Bandungs, today's Jalan Asia-Africa.

Colonial times

In the middle of the 19th century the cultivation of cinchona trees , Assam tea and coffee began in the region around Bandung . Bandung became the center of the plantation region. In 1880 the growing city received a railway connection with Jakarta, which started industrialization and the first tourism. Chinese settled there. The first hotels and cafes opened, and the city built its reputation as the Paris of the East . In 1920 the military headquarters of the Dutch East Indies colony was moved from Batavia to Bandung. The famous Art Deco buildings were also built during this period and Jalan Braga became a promenade for the colonial rulers. The Technische Hogeschool was founded and the government center was built with Gedung Sate northeast of Alun Alun .

In independent Indonesia

From April 18 to 24, 1955, the historically significant meeting of the heads of government from 29 Asian and African countries took place in Bandung , who represented a total of 1.4 billion people ( Bandung Conference ). Among other things, the conference adopted a 10-point program in which these states committed themselves to peaceful coexistence , the principle of national self-determination and to stand up against neocolonialism . The conference gave the national liberation movements a strong impetus.

On April 11, 1963, a serious railway accident occurred near Bandung when the locomotive and the first two cars on an express train from Jakarta to Bandung derailed. One of the cars overturned and fell into a ravine. 37 people died.

Attractions

nature

Museums

  • Museum Geologi, geological museum
  • Jawa Barat Museum, Archeology and Culture of the West Java Province
  • Museum Mandala Wangsit Siliwangi, Army Museum
  • Museum Gedung Merdeka or Asia-Africa Museum, commemorates the Asia-Africa Conference of 1955

city

Bandung has a collection of tropical Art Deco architecture from the 1920s. The most important Art Deco buildings in the city are the Villa Isola , the Grand Hotel Preanger and the Savoy Homann Bidakara Hotel ; there are also other buildings of this architectural style that are well worth seeing.

  • The Jalan Asia-Africa with the Asia-Africa conference building "Gedung Merdeka", various Art Deco hotels such as the "Savoy Homann"
  • Jalan Braga with its restaurants, colonial architecture and pubs
  • Villa district Ciumbuleuit, Cipaganti, Setrasari north of Jalan Asia-Africa with houses from the colonial times
  • For railway fans: the busy train station
  • Gedung Sate, the administration building of the West Java government, which bears this name because of its tip that looks like a sate skewer
  • Jalan Cihampelas, textile stores
  • Jalan Riau, Outlet Street

Culture

  • Saung Angklung Udjo, with performance of Angklung music, dances and Wayang Golek
  • Institute of Teknologi, Technical University
  • Padjadjaran University in the Jatinangor district

traffic

Bandung Airport (BDO / WICC) is located around 5 km northwest of the city center .

The city is connected to the rail network.

education

The ITB ( Institut Teknologi Bandung ), which is highly regarded in Indonesia and trains engineers in various fields, is located in Bandung, along with several other universities . Other universities are the Universitas Komputer Indonesia (UNIKOM) and the Universitas Katólika Parahyangan .

Sports

  • Persib Bandung, football club

sons and daughters of the town

Town twinning

TV channel

  • Kompas TV
  • iNews
  • MYTV
  • NET.
  • O Channel

Web links

Commons : Bandung  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ World Urbanization Prospects - Population Division - United Nations. Retrieved July 23, 2018 .
  2. ^ Meyers New Lexicon in eight volumes . 1st volume. Leipzig 1961, p. 600.
  3. ^ Peter WB Semmens: Catastrophes on rails. A worldwide documentation. Transpress, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-344-71030-3 , p. 168.