Oldwig von Natzmer (General, 1782)

Oldwig from Natzmer

Oldwig Anton Leopold von Natzmer (born April 18, 1782 in Vellin , † November 1, 1861 in Matzdorf , Löwenberg district ) was a Prussian infantry general .

Life

origin

He came from the old soldier family von Natzmer , from which the field marshal Dubislav Gneomar von Natzmer (1654-1739) emerged. His father was Wolf Heinrich von Natzmer (1735–1787) from the house of Rötzenhagen, Prussian colonel and commander of Kolberg , and his mother, Dorothea Charlotte Hedwig, née von Natzmer (1749–1827) from the house of Bellin. After the death of her husband, his mother married the later General Otto Ludwig von Wobeser . Major General Wilhelm Dubislav von Natzmer (1770–1842) was his older brother.

Military career

In 1795 Natzmer became the personal page of King Friedrich Wilhelm II and was a duo friend of Prince Wilhelm , the brother of Friedrich Wilhelm III. He joined the 1st Guard Battalion of the Prussian Army on January 19, 1798 as an ensign and was employed as a second lieutenant in the general staff. As premier lieutenant and battalion adjutant , Natzmer fought in 1806 in the battle of Auerstädt and in the battle near Nordhausen . He was captured by the French near Prenzlau , but released on his word of honor and thus kept away from further fighting.

After the Peace of Tilsit , Natzmer was given command of the 1st company of the newly formed guard as a staff captain and was used several times in the work to reorganize the army. He was a co-author of the rules of the infantry and cavalry drill. In 1809 Natzmer was promoted to captain and wing adjutant to King Friedrich Wilhelm III. appointed. In 1812 he accompanied the king as a major (since 1810) to the prince congress in Dresden . There they met with Napoleon , who was making the final preparations for his Russian campaign .

In September 1812 Natzmer was sent to Vienna to pursue the rapprochement with Austria initiated in Dresden . In January 1813 he brought the news of General Yorck's separation from the French army to the French headquarters and was shortly afterwards sent to Tsar Alexander II , initiating the alliance with Russia . As a lieutenant colonel and wing adjutant, he took part in the battles near Dresden , Kulm , the battle near Peterswalde and all subsequent battles up to the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig in 1813 . In the campaign of 1814, Natzmer, now a colonel , was the military companion of Prince Wilhelm , the future German Emperor. Natzmer received both classes of the Iron Cross , the Order of St. Vladimir III. Class as well as the Knight's Cross of the Order of Leopold . After the Peace of Paris he accompanied the Prussian king to England . In 1815 Natzmer resigned and took command of the grenadier brigade. However, during the rapid course of the campaign, it was no longer used. In October 1815, at the age of 33, he was promoted to major general.

In 1817 Natzmer accompanied Princess Charlotte and Prince Wilhelm to Russia. In 1820 he was given command of the 11th Division in Breslau , and in 1821 he accompanied the Crown Prince to a congress in Opava . Later he was the Prussian military commissioner in the Austrian army's campaign against Naples . Natzmer was part of Frimont's headquarters there and was awarded the Grand Cross of the Neapolitan Order of Military Merit for his work . In 1822/23 he accompanied Prince Wilhelm on a trip through Germany, Switzerland and Italy . In 1825 he became lieutenant general and in 1827 he was given command of the 8th division in Erfurt . At the same time, Natzmer also acted as 1st commander of the city and received the Order of the Red Eagle 1st Class with Oak Leaves on January 18, 1832 . In March 1832 he was initially assigned to lead the I. Army Corps in Königsberg . In this position, King Friedrich Wilhelm III appointed him. on September 2, 1834 as chief of the 12th Hussar Regiment . On September 18, 1835 he was appointed commanding general . Emperor Nicholas I of Russia paid tribute to Natzmer by awarding him the Order of the White Eagle and the Alexander Nevsky Order .

Because of his asthma Natzmer end of November 1839, in response to repeated requests for disposition made while a member of the State Council and the Adjutant General appointed the king. In 1840 Natzmer was promoted to general of the infantry and knight of the Black Eagle Order. In 1841 he was awarded the Grand Cross of the House Order of Henry the Lion and in 1842 the Grand Cross of the Order of the Dutch Lion . On May 18, 1848 Natzmer took board his farewell .

He was a knight of the Order of St. John and died on November 1, 1861 on his estate Matzdorf in the Löwenberg district in Silesia .

family

For a long time Natzmer was in a relationship with Julie von Brandenburg (1793–1848), the daughter of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm II from the connection with Countess Dönhoff , who later married Ferdinand von Anhalt-Köthen (1769–1830). On September 20, 1824, Natzmer married Luise Henriette Freiin von Richthofen (1801–1878) from the Kohlhöhe family, a daughter of the Princess of Holstein-Beck, in Breslau . The marriage remained childless.

literature

• Gneomar Ernst von Natzmer: From the life of General Oldwig von Natzmer. Berlin 1876.
• Bernhard von Poten :  Natzmer, Oldwig von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, pp. 291-294.
• Brockhaus' Conversations Lexicon. 11th edition, Volume 10, Leipzig 1867, pp. 625-626 ( full text ).
• Gneomar Ernst von Natzmer: Under the Hohenzollern. Memories from the life of General Oldwig von Natzmer. 2 volumes, Gotha 1887/1888.
• Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 4, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632799 , pp. 434-443, no. 1379.
• Johanniter Order Journal. Official monthly of the Balley Brandenburg. Volume 1, p. 218, digitized
• Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of noble houses 1906. Seventh year, p. 525.

Web links

• Entry on Oldwig von Natzmer in Kalliope
• Entry about Natzmer, Oldwig von (1782-1861) in the central database of bequests