Dubislav Gneomar von Natzmer

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Dubislav Gneomar von Natzmer

Dubislav Gneomar von Natzmer (born September 14, 1654 in Gutzmin , Schlawe district in Pomerania , † May 13, 1739 in Berlin ) was a Prussian field marshal .

Life

Dubislav Gneomar came from the old noble family Natzmer , Pomeranian nobility of Kashubian origin, which was mentioned in documents as early as 1202, and was the son of Schlawer district administrator Joachim Heinrich von Natzmer († 1671) and his wife Barbara nee von Weyer . Dubislav entered the Dutch service as a young boy and only in 1677 in Brandenburg as a lieutenant in the "elite squadron dragoons" of Lieutenant Colonel Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow . This troop was to exist as the later 1st Silesian body cuirassier regiment "Great Elector" (location: Breslau ) until 1918 and, along with the Gensdarmes regiment created by Natzmer and its successors, was considered the most distinguished regiment of the Prussian cavalry . Natzmer took part in the siege of Stettin and the subsequent battles against the Swedes , at times as adjutant Georg von Derfflingers . In 1680 he became staff captain and in 1686 fought with distinction against the Turks . After the war, who appointed him Great Elector for adjutant general .

Natzmer was now given the task of forming a new regiment, which he created from German nobles and which was named Grands Mousquetaires (later: Gensdarmes). As a lieutenant colonel, he became the first commander of this force and later fought with it in Holland for the Prince of Orange , then against the French on the Rhine , in Brabant , Luxembourg and Flanders . In 1696 Natzmer had been promoted to major general. He was captured in the First Battle of Höchstädt in 1703 , but released soon afterwards. During the Second Battle of Höchstädt in 1704 , he commanded the Prussian cavalry and was seriously wounded. Now lieutenant general , he fought with distinction in the battle of Oudenaarde (1708) and the battle of Malplaquet (1709). In 1714 Natzmer became a knight of the Black Eagle Order , after the conquest of Stralsund he was promoted to general of the cavalry and finally to field marshal in 1728 .

In 1730, his fearless demeanor and moderating influence contributed to the fact that Friedrich Wilhelm I did not punish his son - the future Friedrich II  - for his attempt to escape as severely as he had originally intended.

family

Natzmer was married twice, his first marriage in 1687 to Sophie Tugendreich von Wreech (1650–1688), a lady-in-waiting of Elector Princess Sophie Charlotte of Brandenburg and sister of the future General Joachim Friedrich von Wreech . She died giving birth to her first child, who also died.

In his second marriage in November 1704 he married Charlotte Justine von Gersdorff († 1763), widow of Georg Ludwig (imperial) Count of Zinzendorf and Pottendorf (1662–1700). She was the daughter of the Electoral Saxon secret councilor Nikol von Gersdorff (1629–1702). The couple had two sons: Carl Dubislav († 1737) and Heinrich Ernst († 1739). Both were unmarried and died before their father, so that the Pomeranian line of those of Natzmer died out. However, the family had expanded and came to the Mark , Electoral Saxony and Silesia , where they owned several estates. In 1806 ten Natzmers served in the Prussian army and held high positions.

Two place names in the area of Schlawe and Labes testify to the centuries-long work of the Natzmer family in Western Pomerania : Naćmierz Sławieński (Natzmershagen) 15 km north of Schlawe and Nacmierz (Natzmersdorf) near Labes .

literature

Web links

  • Kurd Wolffgang von Schöning : The General-Field Marshal Dubislav Gneomar von Natzmer auf Gannewitz's life and warfare with the main events of the well-known Gerde Reuter Regiment Gensd'armes, which he established and led for 48 years as a Commander and Chief . Lüderitz, Berlin 1838, DNB  362335257 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  • Short biography
personal data
SURNAME Natzmer, Dubislav Gneomar von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian Field Marshal General
DATE OF BIRTH September 14, 1654
PLACE OF BIRTH Good min
DATE OF DEATH May 13, 1739
Place of death Berlin