Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow

Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow

The coat of arms of the von Grumbkow family

Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow , also: Grumbckow (born September 29, 1637 in Jatzkow; † December 26, 1690 near Wesel ) was electoral Brandenburg minister, secret state and war council, general war commissioner and high court marshal. He was the son of the Brandenburg colonel Christian Stephan von Grumbkow and Anna Margaretha von Krockow.

Life

Like many generals of the Great Elector Friedrich Wilhelm and Friedrich II the Great, Grumbkow came from the Pomeranian nobility. He was lord and heir to Grumbkow , Runow , Lupow , Zechlin , Vangerske u. a. in Hinterpommern, Niederschönhausen , Blankenfelde and Pankow in the Mark Brandenburg and on Karow in the Duchy of Magdeburg.

Grumbkow studied law in Rostock from 1654. After a cavalier tour in France and Italy, he entered the Brandenburg service during the Second Northern War under the regiment of Christian Albrechts von Dohna , possibly with his father, who was in command of the Löcknitz fortress at the time . Later he was a lieutenant, chief of a company and Dohna's agent, for whom he “ruled the house and beings in Küstrin”. Count Dohna, with whom young Grumbkow is said to have already been a page, recommended him to the Berlin court.

In 1671, while retaining his military rank, he became an official chamber councilor in the electoral chamber administration, part-time responsible for the general economy. In 1672 during the war against France, he was especially entrusted with provisions and fortification tasks as well as diplomatic missions. In 1674 Grumbkows companies of the "Hofstaat Dragoons" were upgraded to the "Leibdragoner Regiment" in order to serve as the elector's bodyguard in the field. In 1675 Grumbkow became an employee of the interim General War Commissioner, in the same year war counselor and chief marshal, 1677 colonel of the bodyguard, 1678 director of the general war commissioner, 1678 castle captain, 1679 general war commissioner, 1684 real secret council of state, 1685 upper court marshal.

In 1675 Grumbkows Leibdragoner took part in the battle of Fehrbellin . In 1684 he ceded the regiment to Count Dietrich zu Dohna, a son of his sponsor. The regiment was supposed to be l. Silesian body cuirassier regiment "Great Elector" with the location in Wroclaw exist and later had traditional successors in both the Reichswehr and the Bundeswehr .

In 1678 Grumbkow took over the management of the Brandenburg military administration with the General War Commissariat, which he developed into the highest tax and state police authority of the Brandenburg state. Under Grumbkow, the General War Commissioner finally combined the functions of a war minister with those of a finance minister in his post. The execution of the Edict of Potsdam 1685, which regulated the admission and settlement of Huguenots expelled from France in Brandenburg, was also in Grumbkow's responsibility . Grumbkow was the first general manager of the French colony of Berlin. On his initiative, the " French Buchholz " colony was established in the vicinity of his estates near Berlin . Grumbkowstraße is a reminder of his successful work.

Grumbkow was sent to Dresden by the elector to conduct important negotiations at the Dresden court and to strive for a defensive alliance with Saxony, which the latter successfully carried out and a conference on the state of the empire, the peace of Nijmegen, the imperial proposals on the security of the Empire and the admission of Elector Johann Georg III. in the electoral association should have as its goal (see GStA PK I. HA GR, Rep. 411, No. 27). The elector praised Grumbkov's negotiating skills and appointed him Minister of State.

In autumn 1688 he handed over on behalf of the Elector Friedrich III. seven regiments on horseback and three on foot as auxiliary troops to Prince Wilhelm III. of Orange , who a few months later as Wilhelm III. ascended the English throne ( Glorious Revolution ).

In addition to the inherited goods in the Pomeranian homeland, Grumbkow acquired numerous others in the vicinity of the family's ancestral home. His son Philipp Otto later joined the entire territory to form the "Great Lupow Rulership". Grumbkow also bought several goods in the north of Berlin and began a brisk construction activity there. At the beginning of 1680 he bought the "Petit Palais" in Niederschönhausen from the sons of Countess Sophie Theodore zu Dohna- Schlobitten. In 1689 the construction of Schönhausen Palace began as a three-storey three-wing complex according to plans by Johann Arnold Nering . Nothing has been preserved from the “Petit Palais”. In Berlin, Grumbkow lived in the Palais at Molkenmarkt 1. He was not buried next to his daughter in the crypt of the Blankenfelde village church , as initially planned , but in the recently renovated church in Runow in Pomerania.

Other well-known military men from the von Grumbkow family were Joachim Ernst's sons Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow , Philipp Otto von Grumbkow and Friedrich Ludwig von Grumbkow as well as Viktor von Grumbkow - Grumbkow Pascha .

family

His first wife was Lucia Dorothea von Wreech from the Büssow family on February 25, 1672. She died in 1673 immediately after the birth of twins: Anna Louisa (1673–1686) Otto Christian (1673–1704) He married his second wife, Gertrud Sophie von Grote from the House of Breese-Stillhorn (1653–1693), on January 8th 1678 in the Berlin Palace. The couple had the following children:

• Friedrich Wilhelm (1678–1739) ∞ Sophia Charlotte de la Chevallerie (1681–1749)
• Philipp Otto (1684–1752)

∞ Ernestine Lucie Freiin von Danckelmann (* March 24, 1692; † December 29, 1719)

∞ Henrietta Scholastika von Schlabrendorff

• Karl Ernst († 1703)
• Friedrich Ludwig (1683–1745), Saxon lieutenant general; Commander of the Sonnenstein Fortress

After the death of her husband, the widow married the minister and diplomat Franz von Meinders .

literature

• General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts, First Section, A - G, Leipzig 1875, p. 427.
• Peter Bahl, The Court of the Great Elector, Studies on the higher officials in Brandenburg-Prussia, Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 2001, p. 113ff.
• Friedrich Ludwig Joseph Fischbach, Historical Political, Geographic, Statistical and Military Contributions Regarding the Royal Prussian and neighboring States, Volume 2, Part 2, Berlin 1783, p. 513.
• Heinrich Schmettau, Ein Brandenburgischer Joseph ... Sermon about the quick but blissful entrance of Des ... Mr. Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow, Cölln on the Spree 1691.
• Thomas Klein:  Grumbkow, Joachim Ernst von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 214 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Anton Balthasar König : Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow . In: Biographical lexicon of all heroes and military people . tape II . Arnold Wever, Berlin 1789, p. 79–82 ( Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow in the Google book search).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Ioachimus Ernestus a Grumbkow in the Rostock matriculation portal .
2. ^ Military weekly paper, Volume 22, Berlin 1837.
3. ↑ Lothar Marschke, in: 50 Years Panzerbataillon 84, Lüneburg 2009, brochure.
4. ^ Gordon A. Craig, The Prussian-German Army, 1640–1945, Düsseldorf 1960, p. 24.
5. ↑ Guido Hinterkeuser, Unknown sources on the construction of the new baroque building of Schönhausen Palace in 1689, in: Discovering - Exploring - Preserving, Festgabe für Sibylle Badstübner-Gröger on October 12, 2015, Berlin 2016, p. 142ff.