Berlin-Pankow

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Pankow
district of Berlin
Berlin Brandenburg Buch Karow Wilhelmsruh Rosenthal Blankenfelde Niederschönhausen Heinersdorf Blankenburg Französisch Buchholz Pankow Prenzlauer Berg Weißensee Stadtrandsiedlung MalchowPankow on the map of Pankow
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Coordinates 52 ° 34 '9 "  N , 13 ° 24' 12"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 34 '9 "  N , 13 ° 24' 12"  E
surface 5.66 km²
Residents 64,945 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 11,474 inhabitants / km²
Postcodes 13187, 13189
District number 0307
Administrative district Pankow

Pankow [ ˈpaŋko ], [ 'pankoː ] is the eponymous part of the Berlin district of Pankow .

In parlance, localities of Pankow can also be in the buildings of Heinersdorf (Pankow-Heinersdorf) and Niederschönhausen (Pankow-Schönhausen) to the north . Pankow is located on the Panke and is named after this tributary of the Spree .

history

From the 13th to the middle of the 20th century

Archaeological traces of late Slavic pre-settlement have not yet been found. According to this, Pankow was founded around 1230 by German settlers “from wild roots”, like all other localities on the southwestern Barnim . The Angerdorf arose on the Panke . From her the Slavic waters was adopted as a place name . It was first mentioned in a document in 1311. The land register of Emperor Charles IV from 1375 indicated 42  hooves for the village , 4 of which were parish hooves ( Wedemhof ). Only 6 Hufen managed full farmers . The residue was distributed among 3  Ritter farms : Kerstian Duseke with 12 hooves (6 of duty-free), Hans Duseken with 7 1 / 2  hooves and Berlin he citizens Wartenberg with 12 1 / 2  hooves as Lehen from its city council . Of the 22 farms , 13 belonged to the Wartenberg farm and the rest to those of the Dusekes. The two and the Berliner also shared the church patronage . A jug poured out in the village . The village church of Pankow was built as a late Gothic stone church in the 15th century. Due to an extensive brick extension in the years 1857–1859, the village church lost a significant part of its village character.

The village development phase from the Middle Ages to the 19th century was replaced by an urban boom in the early years of the 19th century. The original village character can still be seen in the course of the Breite Straße , which traces the original village green with the church in the center. The Kavalierschloss located at the beginning of today's Damerowstraße underlines this grown structure of the district. The hunting parties to Buchholz and beyond in the surrounding area started from here in the 19th century. This building was used as a kindergarten after the Second World War .

Town hall Pankow

In the following centuries, Pankow was shaped by changing ownership, among other things, the Elector Friedrich III bought in 1691 . a mansion and had this converted into Schönhausen Palace . This gave Pankow increased importance as the residence of the Hohenzollern family . At the end of the 19th century, the city began to develop into a place for summer retreat, which in turn led to an expansion of the infrastructure . The current road system was laid out around 1900 using existing trade routes such as Wollankstrasse.

Since 1818 Pankow belonged to the Niederbarnim district . Although the population of the rural community was already 58,000 people in 1919, the place was still formally a "village" at that time as it had not been granted city rights. In 1920, Pankow was incorporated into the district of Pankow by the Greater Berlin Act . The town hall of Pankow has been the seat of the district mayor since then.

The end of World War II

At the end of the Second World War , the Red Army first advanced to Pankow via Heinersdorf. In the area of ​​the Prenzlauer Promenade / Binzstrasse, bitter skirmishes took place with the last groups of the Volkssturm who had holed up in Neumannstrasse. On April 22, 1945, the troops set up their quarters on Binzstrasse. A burial place for the fallen Red Army soldiers was built at Trelleborger Straße . The reburial of the dead took place with the erection of the Soviet memorial in the Schönholzer Heide (in the Volkspark Schönholzer Heide ).
In Berlin-Buch there is another memorial in the Bucher Schlosspark . The Red Army soldiers originally buried there were also reburied in the memorial in the Schönholzer Heide.

District history since the middle of the 20th century

Between 1945 and 1949 Pankow was a district in the Soviet sector of Berlin and between 1949 and 1990 a district in what was then East Berlin's district of Pankow. This administrative area included the now independent districts of Niederschönhausen with Schönholz and Nordend, Rosenthal with Wilhelmsruh, Blankenfelde, Buchholz, Heinersdorf, Blankenburg, Karow and Buch.

In the 1980s, the Berlin magistrate had large areas of allotment gardens cleared and new residential areas built on the building land, for example on both sides of Arnold-Zweig-Straße.

After the fall of the Wall (old) Pankow was then between 1990 and 2001 a part of the Pankow district. After the district administration reform in 2001, Pankow remained a district in the now enlarged Pankow district.

Major construction project Pankower Tor

In the area of ​​the former marshalling yard between the Pankow and Pankow-Heinersdorf stations , bounded to the north by the S-Bahn route and to the south by the Granitzstraße / Prenzlauer Promenade, the Pankower Tor district is planned. The investor is the entrepreneur Kurt Krieger , who grew up near the castle park . a. the furniture stores Furniture warriors, Hoffner and Sconto belong. The area, which was acquired by Krieger in 2009 and has been in the planning phase for several years, also includes the listed roundhouse at Heinersdorfer Brücke . The marshalling yard and freight yard was closed in 1996. The Berlin Senate and the Pankow district have long been against a shopping center planned here, but a compromise is now emerging. So that other shopping centers and other shops in the district are not endangered, the BVV reached a compromise with the investor: the new shopping center will be smaller and will not be built near Pankow train station, but in the direction of Prenzlauer Promenade. On April 25, 2018, the district assembly signed the letter of intent for the construction of 2,000 apartments (30% of which were social housing), a shopping center, a primary school on the former Pankow marshalling yard, a furniture store at the Prenzlauer Promenade , a park with 800 commuter parking spaces Parking garage for around 1000 bicycles near the Berlin-Pankow train station . When construction is still not in sight in 2020, Berlin's state curator Christoph Rauhut speculated : "In my opinion, Mr. Krieger only acquired the eastern area to prevent a competitor from settling."

Population development

After the population had not increased significantly since its foundation, it rose from the middle of the 19th century to about a hundredfold until around 1910. After the end of the Second World War and the clearing of rubble in the district, there was a steady increase in the population, which has only been declining again since 1990.

Number of inhabitants
year 1801 1850 1856 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 2010
Residents 286 1,037 1,343 1.611 2,105 4,109 7,480 21,534 29,346 61,070 72,064 56,324

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Operations center of the regional east (long-distance railway) of DB Netz in Berlin-Pankow

In Berlin-Pankow, the headquarters of the Eastern regional division of DB Netz is located on Granitzstrasse in the east of the district . In addition to the administration of the regional area, this operations center includes workstations of a network coordinator , several area dispatchers and several train dispatchers who are responsible for the dispatching of trains (exclusively trains of the Berlin S-Bahn ) in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Berlin and most of Brandenburg are. For this purpose, numerous dispatchers work in this control center, who work exclusively with electronic interlockings (ESTW).

Infrastructure

Entrance to S-Bahn station Pankow
Pankow underground station

Train

In the district are the S-Bahn stations Pankow and Pankow-Heinersdorf, which are served by the S2 , S8 and S85 lines. The Wollankstrasse train station (lines S1 , S25 , S26 ) is also in the area of ​​the Pankow district on the border with Wedding .

Subway

There are also two underground stations , both on the U2 underground line. Until 1993, today's underground station Vinetastraße , which opened on July 1, 1930, was still called Pankow (Vinetastraße) . It was originally opened as Vinetastraße . At that time an extension was planned via today's Berlin-Pankow train station to Pankow-Kirche. However, the global economic crisis prevented further construction. The station is underground, so the trains coming from the Schönhauser Allee high station have to go down a ramp.

Today's Pankow underground station is the terminus of the U2 line. It opened on September 16, 2000. As early as 1988, the route north of the Vinetastraße train station was extended to connect a planned workshop on Granitzstraße. However, this was not realized due to the fall of the Berlin Wall . In 1994 the track system was expanded to a turning track system and in 1997 further construction began up to the transfer station with the S-Bahn. Behind the station there is a sweeping track system, which can be included in the route even if the expansion to Pankow Church is still planned.

Local public transport

Several tram and bus lines open up the district. The area around Pankow train station is a major transport hub .

mayor

In 1920 Pankow was incorporated into Greater Berlin . The newly created district was administered by district mayors until 2001:

Period Surname Political party
1920-1921 Gustav Stawitz
1921-1924 Wilhelm Kubig USPD / SPD
1924-1944 Hans Meissner DVP / NSDAP
1944-1945 Bernhard Ahmels NSDAP
April 1945 - December 1946 Bruno antics KPD / SED
December 1946 - December 1948 Erich Ryneck SPD
1948-1950 Otto-Heinz Gahren LDPD
1950-1951 Hermann Selbach LDPD
1951-1952 Martin Dietrich LDPD
1953-1961 Frieda White SED
1961-1971 Gerhard Kirschbaum SED
1971-1981 Horst Ansorge SED
1981-1988 Hans Walter SED
1988 - December 1989 Heinz Poppy SED
December 1989 - February 1990 Uwe Hauser SED
February 1990 - May 1990 Nils Busch-Petersen independent
1990-1992 Harald Lüderitz SPD
1992-1999 Jörg Richter SPD
1999-2001 Gisela Grunwald PDS

Important architectural monuments in Pankow

Pankow in art, in the media and in sports

  • The town of Pankow, in the north of Berlin, with its surrounding areas was already a popular destination at the end of the 19th century. Pankow appears in various songs, so “Come Karlineken come […] we want to go to Pankow […] Pankow, kille, kille, Pankow […]” or in “ Bolle recently traveled to Whitsun , to Pankow was his goal [...] On the Schönholzer Heide there was a fight [...] "
  • In 1983 Udo Lindenberg published his song Sonderzug nach Pankow after the GDR authorities rejected his request to be able to give a concert in the GDR.
  • The football club VfB Einheit zu Pankow , founded in 1893 as VfB Pankow , is considered the "founder" of club names such as "VfB", "VfL" or "VfR".

See also

literature

  • Ferdinand Beyer: From yellowed leaves - story of Pankow. Gutenberg printing works, 1922.
  • Johannes Schultze (Hrsg.): The land book of the Mark Brandenburg of 1375 (= Brandenburg land books . Volume 2; publications of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg and the imperial capital Berlin . Volume VIII, 2). Commission publisher von Gsellius, Berlin 1940, Barnym. Districtus Berlin. Pankow, p. 109 ( digitized version in Potsdam University Library ).
  • Rudolph Dörrier: Pankow. Panko-Press, 2000. (Reprint of the Small Chronicle of a Berlin District. 1949)
  • Dirk Finkemeier, Elke Rölling and project group: From petit palais to guest house - the history of Schönhausen Palace and Park in Pankow / Niederschönhausen. Kulturamt Pankow, Berlin 1998, DNB 956802680 .
  • Ralph Hoppe: Bolle recently traveled ... - Pankow through the ages. be.bra verlag, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-930863-45-6 .
  • Ralph Hoppe: Pankow. Between idyll and metropolis. be.bra verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-8148-0198-8 .
  • Heinz Knobloch: Berlin windows. Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle / Leipzig 1981, ISBN 3-354-00140-2 , pp. 26–73. ("With us in Pankow")
  • Institute for Monument Preservation (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the GDR. Capital Berlin-II . Henschelverlag, Berlin 1984, p. 20-49 .

Web links

Commons : Berlin-Pankow  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Duden pronunciation dictionary . 6th edition. Bibliographisches Institut & FA Brockhaus AG, Mannheim 2006.
  2. ↑ de.pons.com , see also -ow
  3. ↑ Johannes Schultze (ed.): The land book of the Mark Brandenburg from 1375 . Commission publisher von Gsellius, Berlin 1940, Barnym. Districtus Berlin. Pankow, S. 109 .
  4. ↑ On the history of Pankow. In: Berlin.de (official city portal)
  5. ^ Stefan Strauss: A new district for Pankow . The entrepreneur Kurt Krieger wants to create a park, build apartments and sell furniture. In: Berliner Zeitung . May 13, 2011.
  6. ↑ Website with all current information on the Pankower Tor project; Retrieved May 19, 2011.
  7. ↑ rbb Online: Investor Krieger is allowed to build a shopping center in Pankow . ( Memento of the original from March 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rbb-online.de
  8. ↑ CHRISTIAN HÖNICKE: The controversial “Pankower Tor” is coming - with 2000 apartments . For years there was a back and forth. Now investor Krieger is in agreement with the State of Berlin and the district on the Pankower Tor construction project. In: Tagesspiegel . April 25, 2018 ( tagesspiegel.de ).
  9. ↑ Reinhart Bünger: The heated argument about the Pankower Tor: Monument protection or school building - what counts more? In: Tagesspiegel . January 25, 2020 ( tagesspiegel.de ).
  10. ↑ Rudolf Dörrier: Small Pankow Chronicle. Reprint from 1949.
  11. ↑ BD Rathaus Pankow, Breite Straße 24a – 26, 1901–1903 by Wilhelm Johow; Extension 1927–1929 by A. Poetschke and Rudolf Klante
  12. ↑ BD Alte Bäckerei Wollankstrasse 130, residential building with side wing, around 1860; Outbuilding for the Hartmann bakery, around 1875
  13. ↑ BD District Court Pankow with front garden enclosure and court prison, Kissingenstrasse 5/6, 1902–1906 by Paul Thoemer and Rudolf Mönnich
  14. ↑ Monument ensemble Kissingenviertel
  15. ↑ BD former Jewish orphanage, Berliner Straße 120/121 (Pankow), 1912/1913 by Alexander Beer
  16. ↑ BD Caragiale Library, Mühlenstrasse 24, former Jewish apprentice home, 1896
  17. ↑ BD Realgymnasium Pankow with Rector's residence and gym, Kissingenstrasse 12, 1906/1907 by Wilhelm Johow
  18. ↑ BD Postamt, Berliner Strasse 12, 1924 by Carl Schmidt
  19. ↑ BD Villa Garbáty with gardens and fencing, around 1890
  20. ^ Page about German football club names