Pankow village church

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Old parish church "To the Four Evangelists"

The Evangelical Village Church of Pankow , today called the Old Parish Church "To the Four Evangelists" , is located in the Berlin district of Pankow . It was built as a village church for Pankow at the east end of the Angers in the "Breite Straße".

Settlement history

The village of Pankow was founded around 1230 as an anger village , on whose anger stood the predecessor of the later field stone church ; most likely it was made of wood. In the land book of Charles IV of 1375 a pastor was mentioned who had four parish hooves available. The church patronage was half with the brothers Kerstian and Hans Duseke and half with the Berlin councilor Wardenberg; his share belonged to the council of Berlin. In 1459 it was mentioned as a church village that belonged to the Sedes Spandau. The church was the mother church of Niederschönhausen from 1541 to 1896. For the year 1541 the number of 80 communicants was mentioned in the church visit protocol on the occasion of the introduction of the Reformation in Brandenburg by Elector Joachim II .

Building history

The village church of Pankow in 1834, i.e. before the major renovations from 1857 to 1859
The village church Pankow with the large western extension from 1857 to 1859, in front of that the vestibule preceded the year 1908

The church building consists of two completely different components: the original rectangular hall church made of field stone , today used as the choir of the extension building, and the three-aisled extension made of brick to the west from 1858/59.

Pankow was founded around 1230 and was given a wooden church on the village green as soon as possible . In 1375 there were four parish hooves in this church. This original building was replaced in the 15th century by a hall church made of field stone masonry . The field stones are only minimally trimmed so that they could not be laid in layers. All windows are framed with brick . With one exception, the middle window of the choir wall, they were all enlarged in the neo-Gothic style later in the 19th century . The ornamental gable on the east side, however, is original, with three pointed arch paired panels and seven pinnacles .

In 1737, a timber-framed roof tower with a wooden lantern structure was built over the western part of the original building, which can be seen on an old illustration from 1797. But it only survived until 1832. Twenty years earlier, the lantern structure had to be dismantled because it was dilapidated. In 1832 Karl Wilhelm Redtel carried out a renovation with the support of Karl Friedrich Schinkel . The original side entrances were walled up and the windows were enlarged with arched windows , as shown in Wohler's drawing from 1834. Friedrich August Stüler expanded the brick church from 1857 to 1859 with today's three-aisled hall longhouse in the west with two lateral, octagonal choir-flank towers for the bells. The church got its current name To the Four Evangelists .

Between 1905 and 1908 the extension of the vestibule was built on the west side with two community rooms. In 1928 and 1935 the roof and heating were repaired and modified. In the Second World War , the church was affected by major destruction . The towers were removed up to the eaves and only restored in their original form in 1953. The bell chamber was raised, but the slate helmets have been rebuilt a little lower. In 1959 the two colored glass windows Four Evangelists created by Inge Pape were installed on the east side. In 1971/72 the interior fittings were extensively changed (including the redesign of the altar table and the altar cross), the candlesticks and the bible lectern. In addition, the organ built in the 19th century and its prospectus (Stüler and Sauer) were rebuilt. On December 10, 1972, the organ ( Jehmlich, Dresden ) was inaugurated, which had previously been built in the Brandenburg-Görden Church on the occasion of the Brandenburg Organ Days, but could no longer be used there.

In September 1977 the building was declared a monument. From 1977 to 1979 the roof had to be renewed and the roof structure renovated. In 1980 the 750th anniversary of the Protestant parish Alt-Pankow was celebrated (after a very questionable construction date of 1230). From 1982 to 1983 the interior of the church was renovated. In 1992 a new decentralized air heater was installed. In 1994 the roof of the Stüler building and the vestibules were renewed. Roofing and masonry work was carried out between 1996 and 1999, including:

  • Re-covering of the middle part with entry stones for bats
  • Demolition of the disruptive chimneys from the 1930s
  • Repair of the masonry of the Stülerer gable with correction of the gable slopes (original condition)
  • Repositioning of the newly gilded cross and the restored finials.

In 2000 the tower helmets were re-covered and the tower helmets were renovated.

Furnishing

The original building is flat on the inside, the eastern section is emphasized as a choir bay and is vaulted by a star vault (four-diamond star). The extension has a flat ceiling and galleries on three sides. The pulpit and baptism in neo-Gothic forms date from 1860. Below the gallery is the " Coventry Cross" from 1964. The altar cross, the candlesticks and the Bible stand were created in 1972 by Herbert Reinhold. A cast-iron tomb of the actor J. Heinrich Schmelke (1777–1837) has been attached to the southern outer wall of the choir. On the east side are the stained glass windows of the Four Evangelists created by Inge Pape in 1959 .

Social relevance

In 1981 the Pankow Peace Circle was formed , which peacefully protested against the arms race between East and West and environmental degradation. The group was classified as oppositional by the Ministry of State Security and fought with disruptive measures.

Literature (chronological)

  • Berlin kaleidoscope. Volume 3: Kurt Pomplun : Berlin's old village churches. Haude & Spener, Berlin 1962. (6th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7759-0261-9 )
  • Renate and Ernst Oskar Petras (eds.): Old Berlin village churches. Heinrich Wohler's drawings. With an introduction and explanatory texts. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt Berlin, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-374-00543-8 , p. 56 f.
  • Georg Dehio (arranged by: Sibylle Badstübner-Gröger, Michael Boll, Ralph Paschke and others): Handbook of German Art Monuments Berlin. Deutscher Kunstverlag, 1994, ISBN 3-422-03038-7 .
  • Markus Cante: Churches until 1618. In: Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin (Hrsg.): Berlin and its buildings. Part VI: Sacred buildings. Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-433-01016-1 , pp. 347 and 365.
  • Matthias Friske : The medieval churches on the Barnim. History - architecture - equipment. Lukas-Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-931836-67-3 . (Churches in Rural Areas, Vol. 1)

Web links

Commons : Alte Pfarrkirche Pankow  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Marianne Subklew-Jeutner: The Pankower Peace Circle - History of an East Berlin Group within the Evangelical Churches in the GDR 1981–1989. Der Other Verlag, Osnabrück 2004, ISBN 3-89959-145-3 , pp. 297-301, also: Youth opposition in the GDR : Friedenskreis Pankow

Coordinates: 52 ° 34 ′ 14 ″  N , 13 ° 24 ′ 31 ″  E