Grąbkowo (Potęgowo)
| Grąbkowo | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Slupsk | ||
| Gmina : | Potęgowo | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 27 ' N , 17 ° 27' E | ||
| Residents : | 430 () | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 59 | ||
| License plate : | GSL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Darżyno / ext. 6 ↔ Łupawa | ||
| Dąbrówno → Grąbkowo | |||
| Rail route : |
Railway line Gdańsk – Stargard Railway station: Potęgowo (6 km) |
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| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Grąbkowo (German Grumbkow , Kasch . Grãbkòwò ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the rural community Potęgowo ( Pottangow ) in the powiat Słupski ( Stolp district ).
Geographical location and transport links
Grąbkowo lies in Pomerania , about 25 kilometers east of the county town Slupsk ( Stolp ) and is about Darżyno ( Darsin ) at the Polish National Road 6 (former German Reich Straße 2 , nowadays European route E28 ) and also about Łupawa ( Lupow ) on the provincial road 211 to to reach. The place was created through the administrative amalgamation of the Gut Grumpkow , Gut Darsin estates , the associated farm workers' settlement Neudarsin and Gut Schöneichen . The nearest train station is Potęgowo and is six kilometers away on the state railway line from Gdańsk to Stargard .
history
The former Grumpkow estate is considered to be the ancestral seat of the Pomeranian noble family Grumbkow . The King and Pomeranian Duke Erich I enfeoffed the von Grumbkow with the estates Grumbkow, Runow (today Polish: Runowo), Zechlin (Żychlin) and Poganitz (Poganice). By inheritance, the four goods came to Klaus von Massow , who sold Grumbkow and Zechlin to Michael von Boehn in 1529 . Then in 1679 Grumbkow was acquired by Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow .
In 1707 Grumbkow passed to Gneomar von Zitzewitz and - after a dispute between the von Boehn and von Massow families - was awarded to Paul Anton von Massow in 1725/26 . As early as 1764 Grumbkow was sold to the Privy Councilor Michael Ernst von Boehn , district administrator of the Schlaweschen Kreis. His son Adam Joachim Wilhelm von Boehn, who took it in 1773, has expanded the sheep Damrow and Vorwerk Schönfelde and other lands created.
To 1784 Grumbkow had a Vorwerk, ten farmers, four Kossäten , a blacksmith, a schoolmaster, on the field mark a sheep with four Kossäten and eight Büdnern and the colony Schonfeld a Vorwerk, four farmers and four Büdnern - a total of 46 households.
Between 1797 and 1804 the estate was owned by Major General Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher , after which it was given to Georg Ludwig Fabian Freiherr von Puttkamer and remained in the possession of this family until the end of the 19th century. Ferdinand Freiherr von Puttkamer then exchanged it in 1893 for the property at Jägerstrasse 25 in Berlin , whereby the value of Grumbkow was set at one million marks and that of the Berlin property at 1.2 million marks.
Richard Beese became the new owner , and in 1894 Prince Carl von Isenburg and Büdingen-Birstein . The run-down property was auctioned off in 1897 and thus became the property of Arthur von Livonius , whose son of the same name took it over from him. The last man on Grumbkow was Achim von Livonius .
In 1910, 301 inhabitants were registered in Grumbkow. Their number was 296 in 1933 and rose to 360 by 1939.
Until 1945 the municipality of Grumbkow belonged to the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin in the Pomeranian province . Grumbkow was the seat of the official and registry office district of the same name , into which the communities Darsin (Darżyno), Schöneichen (Dąbrówno) and Poganitz (Poganice) were incorporated. District court area was Stolp .
Towards the end of the Second World War , Grumbkow was occupied by the Red Army on March 9, 1945 . On the same day, Soviet soldiers chopped off Arthur von Livonius's arms and legs and threw him to the pigs to eat, shot the civilian Stenzel and some farmers among the East Prussian refugees present. After these events, villagers fled to the surrounding forests. After the end of the war, Grumbkow was placed under Polish administration. Houses and homesteads were confiscated and occupied by Poles. Grumbkow was renamed Grąbkowo . Ms. von Livonius died on February 18, 1947 in Grumbkow and was buried there. All of the villagers were evicted.
Later 191 villagers displaced from Grumbkow in the Federal Republic of Germany and 126 in the GDR were identified.
The village is now a district of Gmina Potęgowo in the powiat Słupski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Slupsk Voivodeship ). About 430 people live here.
church
Before 1945, the population of Grumbkow was predominantly of Protestant denomination. The village was parish in the parish of Lupow (now Polish: Łupawa) in the church district of Stolp-Altstadt in the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The last German clergyman was Pastor Gerhard Gehlhoff .
Almost without exception, the population of Grąbkowo has been Catholic since 1945 . The reference to the parish seat has remained: the - now Catholic - parish of Łupawa now belongs to the newly formed deanery Łupawa in the diocese of Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland . Protestant church members living here are incorporated into the Kreuzkirche parish in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
school
The elementary school in Grumbkow was single-stage in 1932. She had a class and a teacher who taught 46 school children. The last German teacher was Fritz Neubieser .
literature
- Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 557–560 ( Download location description Grumbkow ) (PDF; 806 kB)
- Hans Glaeser-Swantow: The Evangelical Pomerania . Part 2, Stettin 1940.
- J. Malzkow: Grumbkow and Darsin at the end of the 18th century. A contribution to the history of the Lupow office . In: Ostpommersche Heimat 1937, No. 50.
- Eberhard von Livonius : The economic development of the manor Grumbkow in Pomerania 1679-1926 . Leipzig 1927.
Web links
- TK25 sheet 1570 Lupow - 1903 edition, corrections and changes to the place names until 1927
- The community of Grumbkow in the former Stolp district (Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association, 2011) .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Szukacz.pl, Grąbkowo - Informacje dodatkowe ( page can no longer be accessed , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed October 2
- ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part 2, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 970-971, No. 60.
- ^ Antony Beevor : Berlin 1945. The end . Munich 2002, p. 142.
- ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 560 ( Download location description Grumbkow ) (PDF; 806 kB)
Districts: Chlewnica (Karlshöhe) | Czerwieniec (Schierwenz) | Darżynko (New Darsin) | Darżyno (Darsin) | Dąbrówno (Schöneichen) | Głuszynko (Little Gluschen) | Głuszyno (Big Gluschen) | Grąbkowo (Grumbkow) | Grapice (Grapitz) | Karznica ( Wendisch Karstnitz , 1938–1945 Ramnitz ) | Łupawa (Lupow) | Malczkowo (Malzkow) | Nieckowo (Neitzkow) | Nowa Dąbrowa (New Damerow) | Nowe Skórowo (New Schurow) | Potęgowo (Pottangow) | Radosław (Hermannshöhe) | Runowo (Groß Runow) | Rzechcino (Rexin) | Skórowo (Schurow) | Warcimino (Varzmin) | Wieliszewo (Velsow) | Żochowo (Sochow) | Żychlin (Zechlin)
Other localities: Gaje (Eduardshof) | Grapiczki (New Grapitz) | Huta | Malczkówko (New Malzkow) | Nowina | Piaseczno (Fuchsberg) | Poganice (Poganitz) | Rzechcinko (New Rexin) | Rębowo (Rambow) | Węgierskie ( Vangerske , 1938–45 Wiesenberg ) | Żochówko (New Sochow)