Łupawa (Potęgowo)

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Łupawa
Łupawa does not have a coat of arms
Łupawa (Poland)
Łupawa
Łupawa
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Slupsk
Gmina : Potęgowo
Geographic location : 54 ° 25 '  N , 17 ° 25'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 25 '7 "  N , 17 ° 24' 51"  E
Residents : 730
Postal code : 76-242
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GSL
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 211 : Nowa Dąbrowa
Rail route : PKP - Route 202: Danzig-Stargard
station: Potegowo
Next international airport : Danzig



Łupawa (German: Lupow , Kashubian: Łëpôwô ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and is affiliated with the rural community Potęgowo ( Pottangow ) in the powiat Słupski ( Stolp district ).

Geographical location

Łupawa is located in Western Pomerania in the valley of the river of the same name Łupawa ( Lupow ) east of the city of Słupsk ( Stolp ). The village is almost entirely on the west side of the river.

The Voivodship Road 211 runs through the center of the village, coming from Nowa Dąbrowa ( Neu Damerkow ) to the Polish state road 6 (DK 6, former German Reichsstraße 2 , now also European road 28 ) via Czarna Dąbrówka ( Schwarz Damerkow ) and Sierakowice ( Sierakowitz ) to Kartuzy ( Karthaus ) and further to Żukowo ( Zuckau ) on the national roads DK 7 and DK 20 .

history

Lupow on the Lupow River east of Stolp on a map from 1905.

In Lupow in 1887 a large treasure trove of probably more than 10,000 coins and coin fragments from the time around 1100 was discovered, most of which were Slavic coins from Western Europe. It is the largest known occurrence of such pieces.

According to the type of settlement, Łupawa is a small alley village . In 1282 it was owned by the Kolbatz Monastery . Around 1300 it was taken over by the Swenzones , after which it fell to the German order of knights , who had extended their power to Bütow (now in Polish: Bytów).

Lupow now came into the possession of the Tessen and Puttkamer families . Ewald von Puttkamer auf Lossin (Łosino) and Lupow sold the property together with Canitz to the ducal councilor Joachim von Zitzwitz auf Jugelow (Gogolewo), in whose family he stayed for 180 years.

In 1590 14 farmers lived in Lupow. The General Commissioner Joachim Ernst von Grumbkow acquired the village from Ernst Friedrich von Zitzewitz in 1683 . In 1689 the place even received city ​​rights . A manor was built on the ruins of Canitz Castle, which was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War . Philipp Otto von Grumbkow created the "Great Lupow Rule". He was the royal Prussian minister of state and president of all Pomeranian colleges.

In 1784 Lupow was named as follows: a Vorwerk , a grain and cutting mill , a preacher, a sexton, seven farmers, four Kossäts , a jug, a smithy, a forester's house, a post house, various craftsmen, as well as the newly created Philippshof Vorwerk with four cottages and two wood-keeper's apartments - with a total of 48 households.

Later heiress of Lupow was Sophie von Podewils , who married the later Lieutenant General Friedrich Otto von Bonin . Her younger son, who later became the Prussian Minister of War Eduard von Bonin , grew up in Lupow. His older brother Friedrich Wilhelm Bogislav von Bonin inherited Lupow after his father's death in 1822.

In 1855 Lupow became Fideikommiss . It consisted of the goods Darsin (today Polish: Darżyno), Groß Runow (Runowo), Lupow, Malzkow (Malczkowo), Pottangow (Potęgowo), Vangerske (1938–1945 Wiesenberg , today Węgierskie), Varzmin A (Warcimino), Zechlin ( Żychlin) and the Holzkavel Camienna.

In 1931 Lupow was transferred to the Bartin (Barcino) house of the Puttkamer s. Hans Jesko von Puttkamer inherited the majorate at Canitz Castle from his great uncle. He was the last man on Lupow.

In 1938 the estate comprised 1915 hectares, including 1163 hectares of forest. At that time, 740 people lived in the village in 192 households and 77 residential buildings. In 1939 there were 36 farms in the municipality in addition to the estate. Until 1945, the municipality of Lupow belonged to the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin in the Pomerania province . The community area of ​​2,185 hectares housed a total of three residential areas:

  • Forsthaus Lupow
  • Timber maintenance
  • Lupov

Lupow was the main place of residence of the community Lupow.

After the evacuation order was issued towards the end of the Second World War , on March 8, 1945, a small part of the villagers fled from the approaching Red Army to Gdynia (then called Gotenhafen ). Most of the villagers took temporary shelter in the surrounding forests and returned to the town after the Red Army occupied the region . About 40 people are said to have died while taking the place. In May 1946 Lupow was placed under Polish administration. In the following time, most of the residents were expelled . Lupow was renamed Łupawa .

In the FRG 444 and in the GDR 95 residents were later identified from Lupow.

For the children of the few German families remaining in Lupow and the surrounding area, whose members had to do work after the end of the war, there was a separate six-class school since 1951/52.

The village is now part of the Gmina Potęgowo in the Powiat Słupski of the Pomeranian Voivodeship , until 1998 Slupsk Voivodeship .

Canitz Castle, a baroque palace, was demolished in the 1980s.

Population numbers

  • 1925: 648, of which 639 were Protestants, six Catholics and three Jews
  • 1933: 691
  • 1939: 738

Lupow District

Before 1945 Lupow formed its own administrative district in the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin in the Prussian province of Pomerania . In addition, the place was the seat of a registry office - and a gendarmerie district . In terms of the local court , the village was oriented towards Stolp .

church

Village church

The brick church in its first form probably dates from the second half of the 13th century and is one of the three oldest churches in East Pomerania , along with the churches in Słupsk and Gardna Wielka . It is mentioned in a document in 1494 as ecclesia parocjialis (parish church) and named as Patron Laurentius Puttkamer in Lossin .

The house of God is rectangular. The mighty square tower has a top with a low helmet above a tent roof . Its massive part dates from the time the church was founded. The church was destroyed by fire during the Thirty Years War . It is not certain whether it was rebuilt in 1772 or whether it was just a renovation. In any case, the shape of the church has been preserved.

The church roof used to be covered with wooden shingles, which were replaced by slate panels in 1873. The inside of the nave has a flat wooden ceiling. Altar and pulpit are connected. The pulpit, in baroque shape, is flanked by two columns and is decorated with figures. The altar dates from 1680. Its wings show the apostles John, Mark, Luke and Peter.

The church has been a Protestant place of worship since the Reformation . After 1945 she was expropriated in favor of the Catholic Church , which rededicated her and gave her the name of the Mother of God of Czestochowa .

Parish

Until 1945 the population of Lupow was almost without exception Protestant denomination. Lupow was parish seat of the parish Lupow, were among the 12 places: Old Jugelow (today Polish: Gogolewo) Darsin (Darżyno) Grumbkow (Grąbkowo) Lupow (Łupawa) Malzkow (Malczkowo), New Jugelow (Gogolewko) Poganitz ( Poganice), Rambow (Rębowo), Schöneichen (Dąbrówno), Sochow (Żochowo), Velsow (Wieliszewo) and Wendisch Karstnitz (1938–45 Ramnitz , today Karznica).

The parish of Lupow was in the parish of Stolp -Altstadt om Ostsprengel of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The patronage of the church was last held by the von Puttkamer manor . In 1940 the parish had 4184 parishioners, of whom 129 belonged to the partially independent chapel community Sochow (Żochowo).

After 1945 the place came to the evangelical parish Słupsk ( Stolp ) within the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Almost without exception, Catholic residents have lived in the Łupawa area since 1945 . The village formerly belonged to the diocese of Köslin-Kolberg in the Archdiocese of Stettin-Cammin of the Catholic Church in Poland . Since 1992, the parish has been integrated into the newly established Pelplin diocese , which is part of the Archdiocese of Danzig .

19 places are integrated into the parish: Darżynko ( New Darsin ), Darżyno ( Darsin ), Dąbrówno ( Schöneichen ), Gogolewko ( New Jugelow ), Gogolewo ( Old Jugelow ), Grąbkowo ( Grumbkow ) with colonies, Karznica ( Wendisch Karstnitz , 1938– 1945 Ramnitz ) Malczkówko ( New Malzkow ) Malczkowo ( Malzkow ), Nowa Dąbrowa ( Neu Damerow ) Poganice ( Poganitz ) Rębowo ( Rambow ) Soszyce ( Augustfelde ) Święchowo ( Friedrichsfelde ) Wieliszewo ( Velsow ) and Zochowo ( Sochow ).

Deanery Łupawa

In 1992 a new diocese was established within the Catholic Church in Poland , the diocese of Pelplin . A total of 30 deaneries were incorporated, from the surrounding dioceses such as Köslin-Kolberg , Danzig , Bydgoszcz and the like. a. were outsourced or newly formed.

These newly formed deaneries also include the Łupawa deanery, to which ten parochial locations belong:

  1. Budowo ( Budow )
  2. Cewice ( Zewitz )
  3. Czarna Dąbrówka ( Black Damerkow )
  4. Dębnica Kaszubska ( Rathsdamnitz )
  5. Dobieszewo ( Groß Dübsow )
  6. Łupawa ( Lupow )
  7. Mikorowo ( Mickro )
  8. Nożyno ( Great Nossin )
  9. Rokity ( Great Rakitt )
  10. Siemirowice ( Schimmerwitz ).

school

In 1932 Lupow had a three-tier elementary school with three classes and two teachers who taught 115 school children. From 1951/52 there was a central six-class German school for the children of the German families who remained behind after the war.

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 980-983, No. 83.
  • Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 715-722. ( Download location description Lupow ) (PDF; 1.7 MB)
  • Johannes Hinz : Pomerania. Signpost through an unforgettable country . Bechtermünz, Augsburg 1996, ISBN 3-86047-181-3 , p. 222 f.
  • Hans Moderow , Ernst Müller: The evangelical clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present. Edited due to the Steinbrück'schen Ms. . Part 2: Ernst Müller: The administrative district of Köslin . Sannier, Stettin 1912.
  • Heinrich Schulz: Pomeranian village churches east of the Oder. A book d. Memories . Beck, Herfort 1963.
  • G. Sellke: Lupow 1806 and 1812, in Ostpommersche Heimat, 1939, Nr.3-3.
  • Heino Kebschull: Home trips to Klein Nossin and Groß Nossin 1976 to 2008 and. . . Lupow 2006, Wennigsen 2011.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Reconstructed in: Early medieval coin finds from Poland . Volume 2. 2017, pp. 319-345.
  2. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 980-983, No. 83.
  3. ↑ a b http://gemeinde.lupow.kreis-stolp.de/
  4. ^ A b Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 715–722 ( Online; PDF)
  5. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. stolp.html # ew39stlplupo. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ a b Website of the Pelplin diocese ( memento of the original from January 10, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pelplin.diecezja.org