Kolbatz Monastery

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Kolbatz Cistercian Abbey
Kolbatz Monastery
Kolbatz Monastery
location Poland
West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Coordinates: 53 ° 18 '2 "  N , 14 ° 48' 48"  E Coordinates: 53 ° 18 '2 "  N , 14 ° 48' 48"  E
Serial number
according to Janauschek
437
founding year 1174
Year of dissolution /
annulment
1535
Mother monastery Esrom Monastery
Primary Abbey Clairvaux Monastery

Daughter monasteries

Kloster Oliva
Kloster Marienwalde
Kloster Himmelstädt

The Kolbatz Monastery (formerly Colbaz or Colbatz , Latin Mera Vallis ) was a Cistercian abbey in Pomerania . The monastery complex is located in the village of the same name Kołbacz (Kolbatz), 22 km southeast of Stettin , and is now part of the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . The monastery was an important cultural and colonization center in Pomerania.

history

The Kolbatz monastery was founded in 1173 by the castellan Wartislaw II of Stettin and settled in 1174 by the Danish monastery Esrom (Esrum) from the filiation of the Clairvaux primary abbey . Duke Bogislaw I confirmed all privileges and possessions granted to the monastery by Wartislaw II. The monastery was granted the right to settle colonists on its land at its own discretion.

Kolbatz Monastery was an important center for Christianization and the economic redesign of the area east of the Oder . Daughter monasteries of Kolbatz were monastery Oliva , monastery Marienwalde (Bierzwnik) and monastery sky Städt (Miro Nice).

The monks moved the bed of the Plone in 1183 in order to obtain a convenient access to the Dammschen lake . The lands of the monastery were expanded through donations. There were conflicts over land ownership with the Johannitern in the second half of the 13th century. In the first half of the 14th century there was a dispute with Stargard over the Gollnower Heide. In 1535 the monastery was abolished and converted into a ducal office. In 1811 the associated Kolbatz domain was sold to the district councilor Gaede, who later passed it on to the Swinemünde merchant and ship owner Friedrich Wilhelm Krause .

Buildings and plant

The brick Romanesque church and an outbuilding are still preserved from the monastery complex . Construction of the church began before 1201. The church was completed around 1300. It was a three-aisled cruciform brick basilica . The floor plan corresponds to the Fontenay type . The oldest parts are vaulted with barrels and stitch caps. There is an old yoke in the choir , two in the cross arms and eight in the nave. On the east side of the cross arms there are two rectangular chapels . The high Gothic new building of the polygonal choir head was consecrated in 1347. The star vaults over the crossing date to 1500. The west facade with large tracery rose windows was built around 1265/70. After a fire in 1682, the chapels of the south transept and both nave aisles were demolished.

The cloister is to the right of the church. The west wing of the monastery buildings is partially preserved and modernized. A Gothic barn has also been preserved.

literature

swell
  • Hertzog Bugislaus I confirms his cousin Wartislai II's first foundation of the Colbaz monastery and the 4th Dörffer given at the beginning, with the addition of the freedom of customs duties and allowances etc. (1173). In: Friedrich von Dreger : Codex Pomeraniae diplomaticus. Volume I except for the year 1269 including Haude and Spener, Berlin 1768, pp. 17-18, no. IX.
Monographs and treatises
  • Franz Winter : The Cistercians of north-eastern Germany. A contribution to the church and cultural history of the German Middle Ages . Volume 2: From the appearance of the mendicant orders to the end of the 13th century . Gotha 1871, pp. 249-253 and pp. 286-288.
  • Ernst Bahr, Klaus Conrad: Kolbatz. In: Helge bei der Wieden , Roderich Schmidt (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 12: Mecklenburg / Pomerania (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 315). Kröner, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-520-31501-7 , pp. 219-220.
  • Günther Binding , Matthias Untermann: Small art history of medieval order architecture in Germany . 3. Edition. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2001, p. 264.
  • Hanna Faryna-Paszkiewicz, Małgorzata Omilanowska, Robert Pasieczny: Atlas Zabytków Architektury w Polsce . Warszawa 2001, ISBN 83-01-13478-X , p. 82.
  • Justyna Gralak: The Kolbatz Monastery . In: Ulrich Knefelkamp, ​​Wolfgang F. Reddig: Monasteries and landscapes, Cistercians west and east of the Oder . 2nd Edition. scripvaz-Verlag, Frankfurt / Oder 1999, ISBN 3-931278-19-0 , pp. 131-137.
  • Hermann Hoogeweg: The landowner acquisitions of the Kolbatz monastery. In: Baltic Studies . New episode Volume 14. Leon Saunier, Stettin 1916 ( PDF ; 41 MB).
  • Julius Kohte (arrangement): In: Georg Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, second volume Northeast Germany . 2nd Edition. Ernst Wasmuth AG, Berlin 1922, p. 230.
  • Ambrosius Schneider: Lexical overview of the male monasteries of the Cistercians in the German language and cultural area . In: Ambrosius Schneider, Adam Wienand, Wolfgang Bickel, Ernst Coester (eds.): The Cistercians, History - Spirit - Art . 3. Edition. Wienand Verlag, Cologne 1986, ISBN 3-87909-132-3 , p. 668.
  • Marcini Wisock: Kolbatz and his Filiations, an overview of art history . In: Ulrich Knefelkamp, ​​Wolfgang F. Reddig: Monasteries and landscapes, Cistercians west and east of the Oder . 2nd Edition. scripvaz-Verlag, Frankfurt / Oder 1999, ISBN 3-931278-19-0 , pp. 137-145.
  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . Part II, Volume 3, Anklam 1868, pp. 38-161.

Web links

Commons : Kolbatz Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files