Marienwalde Monastery
| Marienwalde Cistercian Abbey | |
|---|---|
|
|
| location |
 Poland West Pomeranian Voivodeship |
| Coordinates: | 53 ° 2 '23 " N , 15 ° 39' 36" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
690 |
| Patronage | St. Mary |
| founding year | 1294 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1539 |
| Mother monastery | Kolbatz Monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Clairvaux Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The monastery Marienwalde (village name since 1945 Bierzwnik , Latin Nemus S. Mariae ) is a former Cistercian abbey in the town Bierzwnik ( Marienwalde ) of the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship .
Geographical location
The monastery complex is located in Neumark , about 22 kilometers southeast of the town of Arnswalde ( Choszczno ) and twelve kilometers northwest of the town of Woldenberg ( Dobiegniew ).
history
The foundation was made in 1286 by the Margrave Otto IV of Brandenburg , the settlement in 1294. In 1300, Margrave Woldemar transferred some neighboring villages to the Marienwalde monastery, including the village of Regenthin .
Marienwalde was a subsidiary of Kolbatz Monastery (Kołbacz) from the filiation of the Clairvaux Primary Abbey via Esrom Monastery in Denmark . In 1539 the monastery was closed by the margrave Johann von Küstrin . In 1607 a glassworks was founded. The current Polish name probably dates back to 1945 and is derived from the Slavic word bierwo (wooden beam).
Buildings and plant
The church is originally a nine-bay brick hall with octagonal pillars without a transept and a polygonal (9/12) choir, it can be dated to around 1330/50. After the fires in 1824 and 1945 and the reconstruction around 1960, the choir and the two eastern nave bays have been preserved. The enclosure was to the right of the church, the east and south wings, built as apartments around 1820, have been preserved. The gable of the brewery building collapsed between 1988 and 1998.
References
literature
- Franz Winter : The Cistercians of north-eastern Germany. A contribution to the church and cultural history of the German Middle Ages . Volume 2: From the appearance of the mendicant orders to the end of the 13th century . Gotha 1871, pp. 288-291.
- Ambrosius Schneider: Lexical overview of the male monasteries of the Cistercians in the German language and cultural area. In: Ambrosius Schneider, Adam Wienand, Wolfgang Bickel, Ernst Coester (eds.): The Cistercians, History - Spirit - Art. 3. Edition. Wienand Verlag, Cologne 1986, ISBN 3-87909-132-3 , p. 676.
- Robert Piotrowski: Marienwalde Monastery - Nemus S. Mariae. In: Ulrich Knefelkamp, Wolfgang F. Reddig: Monasteries and landscapes, Cistercians west and east of the Oder. 2nd Edition. scripvaz Verlag, Frankfurt / O. 1999, ISBN 3-931278-19-0 , pp. 152-156.
- Christian Gahlbeck: Cistercians in the Neumark. (= Publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archives. 47). Berlin Verlag Arno Spitz, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-8305-0291-5 , (Diss. Berlin 1998) esp. Pp. 187–196 (foundation), pp. 262–284 (general and political history of the monastery at a glance), Pp. 332–349 (development of vested interests), pp. 434–446 (secularization), pp. 632–654 (share of land development and land settlement), 680–695 (economic activity), p. 1104 (map 6): The goods of the Cistercians and Cistercian Sisters in Neumark, Part 4: The area around Arnswalde, Marienwalde and Woldenberg, pp. 1116–1117 (Map IV): Pre-colonial and high medieval settlement of Neumark, Part 4: The area around Arnswalde, Marienwalde and Woldenberg.
- Christian Gahlbeck, Blandine Wittkopp : Marienwalde (Bierzwnik). Cistercians. In: Heinz-Dieter Heimann et al. (Hrsg.): Brandenburgisches Klosterbuch. Handbook of the monasteries, pens and commander by the mid-16th century. (= Brandenburg historical studies. 14). 2 volumes. be.bra Wissenschaft Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-937233-26-0 , here: Volume 2, pp. 860–883, with: Maps of monastery property (pp. 878–879), ground plan and elevation of the former Enclosure, 1792 (p. 882), floor plan of the former enclosure, 2003 (p. 883).
- P. Hoffmann: Nordic Cistercian churches with special consideration of brick architecture. Dissertation. Dresden / Essen 1912, pp. 67–77, with a plan of the reconstruction.
- Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Volume 2: Northeast Germany. edited by Julius Kohte. 2nd Edition. Ernst Wasmuth, Berlin 1922, p. 317.
- Hanna Faryna-Paszkiewicz, Małgorzata Omilanowska, Robert Pasieczny: Atlas zabytków architektury w Polsce. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2001, ISBN 83-01-13478-X , p. 74.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Georg Wilhelm von Raumer : The Neumark Brandenburg in the year 1337 or Margrave Ludwig's the elder Neumärkisches Landbuch from this time . Berlin 1837, p. 34.