Budowo
| Budowo | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Slupsk | ||
| Gmina : | Dębnica Kaszubska | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 19 ' N , 17 ° 24' E | ||
| Residents : | 767 (September 30, 2013) | ||
| Postal code : | 76-248, 76-249 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 59 | ||
| License plate : | GSL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 210 : Ustka - Słupsk ↔ Unichowo | ||
| Borzytuchom ↔ Jawory | |||
| Rail route : | no train tail | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Budowo (German Budow , Kasch . Bùdowò ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship . It belongs to the municipality of Dębnica Kaszubska ( Rathsdamnitz ) in the powiat Słupski ( Stolp district ).
Geographical location and transport links
Budowo is located in Western Pomerania , 29 kilometers southeast of the district metropolis of Słupsk ( Stolp ) and 18 kilometers northwest of the city of Bytów ( Bütow ) near the voivodship road 210 that goes from Ustka ( Stolpmünde ) on the Baltic Sea via Słupsk to Unichowo ( Wundichow ) on voivodship road 212 (former German Reichsstraße 158 from Berlin to Lauenburg in Pomerania ) runs. A side road crosses near Budowo, which leads from Borzytuchom ( Borntuchen ) via Krosnowo ( Krossnow ) to Jawory ( Gaffert ).
There was a rail link before 1945 when the Stolpe Valley Railway, coming from Stolp, ended after 37.7 kilometers in Budow.
Place name
The following forms of name have been handed down: Budow (1446), Budowe (1466), Budow (1474 to 1945).
history
According to the historical form of the village, the former Budow was a large rural village . It was one of the oldest ancestral seats of the von Zitzewitz family . Jarislaw von Zitzewitz, born around 1360, was mentioned in a document as the lord of Budow and other estates. Around 1240 Budow was the manor house of Peter von Zitzewitz , who is attributed to the extinct first Budow branch of the family. Born around 1460 in Muttrin (now in Polish: Motarzyno), Klaus von Zitzewitz is considered the progenitor of the second Budow branch of the family.
In 1523, Clawes Czitzeuitze tho Budow appeared in a document , and over the centuries until the middle of the 20th century Budow had been passed on from father to son without interruption.
At the beginning of the 16th century, Polish "Heudamaiken" attacked the village, robbed, plundered and set fire, in which the church, the courtyard, the parish and the entire village were destroyed by flames.
Hardly rebuilt, the village was struck by another conflagration in 1550, and the time after the Thirty Years War brought further Polish invasions. But the plague also claimed countless victims.
Around 1784 Budow had two aristocratic farms or farms - Budow A and Budow B -, a preacher, a sexton, ten farmers, a half-farmer, two jugs, a forge, the Mittelfelde colony and a lumberjack's apartment with a total of 50 households. In Budow A, called the old farm , there was a farm at this time, five full farmers , one half farmer and an inn and in Budow B, called the new farm , there was a farm , five farmers, a blacksmith and an inn.
On September 22nd, 1815 Budow sank once again to rubble and ashes. Thanks to help from all over Pomerania and Brandenburg, reconstruction was possible.
In 1910 the community and manor Budow together had 553 inhabitants. Their number rose to 604 by 1933 and was still 574 in 1939. The manor last comprised an area of 1160 hectares out of a total area of 1468 hectares in the municipality of Budow. The last landlord was Hans Adolf von Zitzewitz , the last German mayor was Alwin Halbeck .
The community of Budow with the two districts Forsthaus bei Budow and Mühle belonged to the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin in the Prussian province of Pomerania until 1945 . Budow was the seat of an official and civil registry district named after him , in which Gaffert (now Polish: Jawory), Gallensow (Gałęzów) and Nippoglense (Niepoględzie) were incorporated.
Towards the end of the Second World War , on March 6, 1945, the evacuation of the village was ordered before the approaching Red Army troops . The trek started under the leadership of landowner Hans Adolf von Zitzewitz . He got as far as Wutzkow (Oskowo). Some villagers managed to escape via Gotenhafen (Gdynia), others were overrun by the troops and had to turn back. Budow was occupied by Soviet troops on March 8, 1945 and soon afterwards was placed under Polish administration. The Poles set up an administrative office in the village by mid-June 1945. When the landlord von Zitzewitz returned with his wife on June 14, 1945 , he was shot down. The local population got caught between the Soviet and Polish authorities, for which they had to do forced labor - sometimes for years. Later 310 villagers from Budow were identified in the Federal Republic of Germany and 132 in the GDR .
Budow was renamed Budowo . The village is now part of the Gmina Dębnica Kaszubska in the powiat Słupski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Slupsk Voivodeship ). More than 800 residents now live here.
church
Parish church
According to an old document from around 1600, the church in Budow had existed for 300 years. It burned to the ground several times and was rebuilt again and again. In 1646 it was also given a massive tower to replace the previous wooden bell structure. In 1923 the interior was redesigned.
Until 1945, the church had been a Protestant place of worship since the Reformation . It was then expropriated in favor of the Catholic Church and was consecrated "Mary Queen of Poland" with the name Kościół Najwiętszej Maryi Panny Królowej Polski .
Parish / Parish
Even in the pre-Reformation period, Budow was a church village. Kashubian preaching was still used here until the end of the 18th century . There used to be clashes between German Lutherans and Polish Catholics. Around 1650, the Budow parish only had about 1100 parishioners, in 1802 it was 2062, and around 4000 are mentioned for 1873. In 1940 the parish had 4,357 parishioners (along with 133 Old Lutherans , 30 Catholics and 35 others).
Before 1945 the parish of Budow belonged to:
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Until 1945 the church patronage was on the manor owners von Zitzewitz (Budow A and B), von Zitzewitz (Muttrin and Kottow), von Zitzewitz (Groß Gansen and Goschen), von Zitzewitz (Klein Gansen), von der Marwitz (Wundichow) and von Puttkamer (Nippoglense and Gallensow) divided.
The parish of Budow belonged to the church district of Bütow (Bytów) in the eastern district of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .
A predominantly Catholic population has lived in Budowo since 1945 . The place is still the parish seat. The parish Budowo now belongs to the deanery Łupawa ( Lupow ) in the diocese of Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland . Are eingepfarrt next to the Filialkirche Motarzyno ( Muttrin ) the locations gałąźnia mała ( Klein geese ), gałąźnia wielka ( United geese ), Gałęzów ( Gallensow ) Goszczyno ( Goshen ), Jawory ( Gaffert ) Kotowo ( Kottow ) Niemczewo ( Nimzewe or Roden ), Niepoględzie ( Nippoglense ), Ochodza ( Wocholz or Waldesruh ) and Świelubie ( Friedrichsthal ).
The Protestant church members in Budowo now belong to the Kreuzkirche in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
Pastor until 1945
In the period from the Reformation to 1945, twenty evangelical clergy were in office in Budow:
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school
In 1932 the elementary school in Budow had three stages. In the three classes, two teachers taught 102 school children. Ewald Müller , Alfred Röske and Waldemar Strauss are named as the last German teachers .
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the place
- Leopold Nicolaus George von Zitzewitz (1761–1818), District Administrator of the Stolpescher Kreis
- Georg Gotthilf Jacob Homann (1774–1851), Protestant pastor, botanist and folklorist
Connected to the place
- Johann Jakob Homann (1730–1799), pastor in Budow from 1756 to 1799 and father of Georg Gotthilf Jacob Homann.
literature
- Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 413–419 ( Download location description Budow . PDF, 1.5 MB)
- Ernst Müller: The Protestant clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present . Part 2, Stettin 1912.
- Hans Glaeser-Swantow: The Evangelical Pomerania . Part 2, Stettin 1940.
- Walter Bielenstein: The parish of Budow . In: Heimatbuch des Landkreis Stolp.
- Budow. The village history in brief . In: Die Pommersche Zeitung , January 28, 1967.
- Alfred Dreyfeldt: From Pastor Homann in Budow. How the French herb (Galinsoga parvi-flora) came to Pomerania in 1807 and got its name . In: Ostpommersche Heimat 1932, No. 20.
- From the history of the village of Budow . In: Ostpommersche Heimat 1933, No. 17.
- The great fire in Budow . In: Ostpommersche Heimat 1933, No. 30.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Website of Gmina Dębnica Kaszubska, Gmina w liczbach ( Memento of December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 30, 2014
- ^ Budowo in GeoPostcodes , accessed on July 30, 2014
- ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part 2, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 946-947, No. 12.
- ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 419 ( Description of the location Budow , PDF )
Districts ( Schulzenämter ): Borzęcino (Bornzin) | Budowo (Budow) | Dębnica Kaszubska (Rathsdamnitz) | Dobieszewo (Groß Dübsow) | Dobra (Daber) | Gałęzów (Gallensow) | Gogolewko (New Yugelov) | Gogolewo (Alt Jugelow) | Jawory (Gaffert) | Kotowo (Kottow) | Krzywań - Grabin (Kriwan-Neufeld) | Łabiszewo (Labüssow) | Mielno (Mellin) | Motarzyno (mother) | Niepoględzie (Nippoglense) | Podole Małe (Little Podel) | Podwilczyn (Podewilshausen) | Skarszów Górny (High Scharsow) | Starnice - Troszki (Starnitz-Petersberg) | Żarkowo (Sorkow)
Other localities: Boguszyce (Friedrichsfelde) | Borzęcinko (New Bornzin) | Brzeziniec (Birkhof) | Budówko | Dargacz (Dargatzhof) | Dobieszewko (Klein Dübsow) | Dobrzec (Vorwerk Daber) | Dobrzykowo (Ulrichshof) | Dudzicze (Philippinenhof) | Goszczyno (Goschen) | Grabówko | Jamrzyno (Jamrin) | Konradowo | Krzynia (Krien) | Łabiszewo Kolonia (Labüssow Colony) | Leśnia (Berghof) | Łysomice (Loitz) | Łysomiczki (Loitzer Bridge) | Maleniec (Malenz) | Niemczewo (Nimzewe) | Ochodza (Wocholz) | Rybiec | Skarszów Dolny (Unter Scharsow) | Spole (Henriettenthal) | Starniczki (Starnitz Mill) | Suliszewo (Schwup)