Oskovo

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Oskovo
Oskowo does not have a coat of arms
Oskowo (Poland)
Oskovo
Oskovo
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Lębork
Gmina : Cewice
Geographic location : 54 ° 24 '  N , 17 ° 42'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 23 '46 "  N , 17 ° 41' 54"  E
Residents : 227 (March 31, 2011)
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GLE
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 212 : Kamionka - Bytów - Osowo Lęborskie
Rail route : no more train connection
Next international airport : Danzig
Address:
ul.Witosa 16 84-312 Cewice
Tel. (0048/59) 8611495



Oskowo (German Wutzkow , Kashubian Òskowò ) is a village in the northwest of the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the rural municipality of Cewice ( Zewitz ) in the powiat Lęborski ( Lauenburg (Pomerania) ).

Geographical location

Oskowo is located in Western Pomerania , in the valley of the Bukowina ( Buckowin ) in a landscape alternating between fields and forests. The Jezioro Oskowo ( Wutzkower See ) is enclosed by the forest.

Place name

In 1310 the place is mentioned in the border documents of the Teutonic Knight Order Ozkowe , 1313 as Wozkowe and 1379 as Wozkow . In 1717 the name Wutzkow appears .

history

According to the historical village shape, Wutzkow is a small alley village . A border letter from 1313 drew the border to the state between Wutzkow and Schimmerwitz (now in Polish: Siemirowice), whereby Wutzkow remained on the Brandenburg and later the Pomeranian side.

Wutzkow has always been on an important traffic artery, so that merchants came here from the southeast who exchanged precious amber or furs for weapons, jewelry and coins on the Baltic Sea . Later the place was on the great Heerstrasse and Poststrasse between the Hanseatic trading centers of the North and Baltic Seas.

In 1621 Wutzkow was a Lietzen MOORISH fiefdom . In 1710 it went to the Münchow s and in 1766 to the Somnitz .

Under the Great Elector , the postal route was reorganized and a post border office was set up in Wutzkow on the way to West Prussia . King Friedrich Wilhelm also had a "royal house" built for his own use on his travels to East Prussia . The population could often see him here on his travels. The “royal house” was sold to the local post office in 1780.

The Berlin artist Daniel Chodowiecki stopped at the Dorfkrug on June 9, 1773 , where he met a journeyman butcher who was on his way to St. Petersburg . In the picture “ The evening in Wutzkow ” this encounter is recorded in the company of a farmer and the landlord.

In 1784 called for Wutzkow: 1 Vorwerk , 1 water mill, three farmers, 3 Kossäten , one pitcher, one tank and one schoolmaster with a total of 22 fires (homes). After changing owners, the village came into Prussian hands in 1906 . In 1938 the domain was 480 hectares. In 1939, 278 residents lived in 59 households in Wutzkow.

Until 1945 Wutzkow belonged to the district of Stolp , in the extreme southeast corner of which it was located. Thus it was assigned to the administrative district of Köslin of the Prussian province of Pomerania . At the same time the place was in office - and the civil registry district Bochowke (1938-1945 Hohenlinde , today Polish: Bochówko) incorporated. There was a gendarmerie station in Wutzkow and the district court was in Lauenburg (Pomerania) .

On March 8, 1945, the residents of Wustrow began to flee from the approaching Red Army . Some made it to Gdynia (then called Gotenhafen , today in Polish: Gdynia ), others were killed. The majority was overtaken by the Russians in Linde in the Lauenburg district . The place was occupied on March 9th (only one East Prussian family stayed there). Later, the German population, between November 1946 and October 1947 was sold . Wutzkow became Oskowo, which is now a district of Gmina Cewice in the powiat Lęborski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship .

Local division until 1945

Before 1945 the Wutzkow community included the following localities: Alt Friedrichswalde, Neu Friedrichswalde, Wutzkow train station, Wutzkow forest house and Wutzkow forest workers' farm.

church

Protestant church

Before 1945 the population was predominantly Protestant . Wutzkow was a total of 12 neighboring villages in the parish Mickrow (Polish today: Mikorowo) the parish that since 1871 the church district Stolp -Altstadt, previously the parish of Old Kolziglow , the ecclesiastical province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union (based in Szczecin ) belonged. In 1940 the parish had 2499 parishioners. The last German clergyman before 1945 was Pastor Gustav Oehrn .

Protestant parishioners are now part of the Stolp parish of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland , which has a place of worship in nearby Lębork ( Lauenburg (Pomerania) ).

Roman Catholic Church

The Roman Catholic residents belonged to the parish of Stolp until 1945 .

Today the population is almost without exception Catholic and belongs to the - now Catholic - parish Mikorowo ( Mickrow ), which belongs to the deanery Łupawa ( Lupow ) in the diocese of Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland .

school

In the one-class elementary school in 1932, 1 teacher taught 67 children. The children from Bochowke (1938–1945 Hohenlinde , Polish: Bochówko) and Lessaken (Lesiaki) also went to school in Wutzkow. The last German teacher was Paul Voelkner .

traffic

The voivodship road 212 leads through the village from Kamionka ( Steinberg ) via Bytów ( Bütow ) to Osowo Lęborskie ( Wussow ), 7 kilometers south of Lębork ( Lauenburg (Pomerania) ), which runs through Oskowo on the route of the former German Reichsstraße 158 ( Berlin - Lauenburg (Pomerania) ) runs.

There was a rail link from 1902, but has not existed since 1945 after the former Lauenburg – Bütow railway line was shut down and most of it was dismantled.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on June 26, 2017