Kotowo (Dębnica Kaszubska)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kotowo
Kotowo does not have a coat of arms
Kotowo (Poland)
Kotowo
Kotowo
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Slupsk
Gmina : Dębnica Kaszubska
Geographic location : 54 ° 20 '  N , 17 ° 21'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 20 '9 "  N , 17 ° 21' 4"  E
Residents : 171 (September 30, 2013)
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GSL
Economy and Transport
Next international airport : Danzig



Kotowo (German Kottow ) is a village in the powiat Słupski ( Stolp district ) in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship .

Geographical location

Kotowo is located in Western Pomerania , about 27 kilometers south-southeast of the town of Słupsk ( Stolp ), 20 kilometers northwest of the town of Bytów ( Bütow ) and two kilometers northeast of the parish village of Motarzyno ( Muttrin ).

history

For a time Kotowo was a fief of the Zitzewitz family . Jarislaw von Zitzewitz is mentioned as the owner of Kottow as early as 1360. The estate remained in the possession of this family in uninterrupted order until 1945. In 1768 there were 23 landlords in Kottow. To 1784, there were Kottow a Vorwerk, eight full-farmers a , half-peasant , on the field Mark of the village, the Vorwerk Wochorz with two Büdnern and two forester apartments, one of which Dumbrow was called, and four Kossäten a total of 22 households. At that time, the estate was owned by Lieutenant Otto George Valentin von Zitzewitz. It was temporarily administered from Gut Budow and then again from Gut Muttrin . At the end of the 19th century, the Kottow estate was owned by the landscape director Friedrich von Zitzewitz. His son Friedrich-Karl von Zitzewitz (1863-1936) had a 4.5 kilometer long water pipe laid for Muttrin and Kottow and built a modern manor house in Kottow, where his son, Friedrich von Zitzewitz , moved in 1921. After his father's death in 1936, the latter took over the Muttrin, Kottow and Jamrin estates. He was the last owner of the goods before 1945.

After the First World War, the place was due to the new demarcation in the border region to the newly established state of Poland . In 1925 there were 36 residential buildings in Kottow. In 1939 there were 87 households and 375 residents. In addition to the estate, there were 33 other farms in the village. Until 1945 the village of Kottow belonged to the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin in the Pomeranian province . The parish area was 931 hectares. There were a total of three places of residence in the municipality of Kottow:

  • Mountain country
  • Kottow
  • Wilhelminenhof

Towards the end of the Second World War , after an eviction order was issued, the villagers fled from the approaching Red Army . The farm workers set out on March 7, 1945 at 2 p.m., the farmers, artisans and evacuees from West Germany only at 2 a.m. on the night of March 8. Kottow was occupied by Soviet troops on March 8, 1945 . The trek with the villagers went via Neu Jugelow, Puttkamerhof (Niemietzke), Schwarz Damerkow to Kosemühl and on the second day via Groß Massow to Lauenburg, where it arrived in the evening. A large part of Gotenhafen ( Gdynia ) was able to reach Gotenhafen ( Gdynia ) with units of the Wehrmacht , from where many managed to escape by ship to Denmark . 220 people are said to have escaped, 120 to have returned.

The Soviet troops had taken possession of the Kottow estate and around March 20, 1945 established a command post in the village. On May 12, 1945, twelve villagers were shot to death in the neck. Then the building in question, including the stables, was burned down. On the same day, probably the same perpetrators shot two women in Wilhelminenhof. A Soviet general promised to punish those responsible. Immediately afterwards the first Polish settlers appeared in the village. At the end of May Kottow was placed under Polish administration. Kottow was renamed Kotowo . More Poles arrived and took over the houses and farms. The villagers were from the poles gradually from Kottow sold . The first to be deported were the evacuees from West Germany in November 1945. Further transports took place on November 8, 1946 and in 1947. When the soldiers handed the estate over to the Polish administration in August 1948, the farm workers were also expelled.

Later, 212 villagers from Kottow were identified in the Federal Republic of Germany and 118 in the GDR .

Today the village has about 175 inhabitants.

school

Before 1945 the village of Kottow had a single-stage elementary school. In 1932 there was a single teacher teaching 56 school children.

church

The villagers present in Kottow before 1945 were Protestant . In 1925 the village had a resident of Catholic faith. Kottow belonged to the parish of Budow and thus to the church district of Bütow.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Website of Gmina Dębnica Kaszubska, Gmina w liczbach ( Memento of December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 31, 2014
  2. ↑ Road map PL 003: Western Pomerania. Stolp - Köslin - Gdansk. 9th edition, Höfer Verlag, Dietzenbach 2005, ISBN 978-3-931103-14-9 , grid square H5.
  3. ^ Anton Friedrich Büsching : Magazine for the new history and geography . Part 12, Halle 1778, p. 585, bottom left column.
  4. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 975, no.71 .
  5. ↑ The Kottow community in the former Stolp district. (Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association, 2011)
  6. ^ A b Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania. Evidence of his German past . Lübeck 1989, p. 650 ( Online, PDF)