Motarzyno

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Motarzyno
Motarzyno does not have a coat of arms
Motarzyno (Poland)
Motarzyno
Motarzyno
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Słupski
Gmina : Dębnica Kaszubska
Geographic location : 54 ° 20 '  N , 17 ° 20'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 19 '34 "  N , 17 ° 20' 15"  E
Residents : 700 (September 30, 2013)
Postal code : 77-112
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GSL
Economy and Transport
Street : DW210 Słupsk - Unichowo (- Bytów )
Rail route : no more rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Motarzyno ( German Muttrin ) is a village in the Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland . It is located in the municipality of Dębnica Kaszubska ( Rathsdamnitz ) and belongs to the powiat Słupski ( Stolp ). Motarzyno is the seat of a Schulzenamt ( sołectwo ), to which the localities Goszczyno, Jamrzyno, Konradowo (Strzegomino), Niemczewo, Ochodza and Spole (Sulin) belong.

Geographical location and transport links

Motarzyno is located in Western Pomerania , about 26 kilometers southeast of Słupsk on the voivodship road 210 Ustka ( Stolpmünde ) –Słupsk – Dębnica Kaszubska – Unichowo ( Wundichow ) (- Bytów ( Bütow )). The village includes the districts Goszczyno ( Goschen ), Jamrzyno ( Jamrin ), Niemczewo ( Roden ), Ochodza ( Waldesruh ), Spole ( Henriettenhof ) and Strzegomino ( Klaushof ).

Until 1945, the 1894 built until 1906 stumbling Light Railway (existed Stolpe Valley Railway - today partly still recognizable as Route - (Polish today Stolp a 38-kilometer route through Labuhn) that Lubuń , Rathsdamnitz (Dębnica Kaszubska) Jamrin (Jamrzyno) ) and Muttrin to Budow ( Budowo ).

Motarzyno is located on the northeastern edge of the Stolpetal Landscape Protection Park (Park Krajobrazowy Dolina Słupi) and is bordered by the Schottow Brook in the north and the Stolpe in the southwest .

history

Muttrin southeast of the city of Stolp (left half of the picture, can be enlarged by clicking) and northwest of the city of Bütow on a map from 1910.

Muttrin was a very old Zitzewitz fief . The associated village was created as an anger village. Jarislaw von Zitzewitz, who was born around 1360 and who also owned numerous other estates in the Stolper Land, is named as the first knight and lord of Muttrin. Its districts Gallensow (now in Polish: Gałęzów ), Nippoglense ( Niepoględzie ) and Little Gansen ( Gałąźnia Mała ) bordered the land of the Order , which led to many disputes and disputes. In such a dispute, Jarislaw and his comrade-in-arms Albert von Puttkamer were killed by the knights of the order in 1410.

Under Martin von Zitzewitz (1425–1485) there was a dispute with the city of Stolp about rafting justice on the Stolpe. The murder of Martin, apparently at the instigation of the city of Stolp, did not end the dispute. It only ended with a decision by the Pomeranian Duke Bogislaw X in 1507.

Jakob von Zitzewitz (around 1507–1572) went down in history as one of the most active statesmen in old Pomerania . As Chancellor of Duke Philip I (after his inauguration , he planted the famous Muttriner linden tree ), he helped Pomerania to gain a great reputation in the Empire and abroad.

Before 1600 Muttrin was the largest estate and the largest village in the Budow parish. During a church visit in 1590, Muttrin had 25 farmers, six cottagers , a shepherd and three desolate farms.

The place suffered a difficult time when Hans von der Linde married in Muttrin and became a pawn owner there. He lived in a quarrel with his neighbors and terrorized them through his "Muttrin soldiers". There was also a new dispute with the town of Stolp over logging. After his death in 1624 the village did not recover and the Thirty Years War led to its ruin: Muttrin became a subsidiary of Budow (Budowo).

To 1784 Muttrin had a Vorwerk , eleven farmers two , half-peasant , an inn, a blacksmith and a schoolmaster. The so-called peasant regulation took place from 1825 to 1828. At that time Friedrich von Zitzewitz († 1830) was the owner of Muttrin. During his time numerous farm workers' houses were built, which made up about two thirds of the village.

His son Friedrich Karl von Zitzwewitz († 1883) took over his father's property in 1850. In his time Muttrin was given a road connection to Stolp. In 1868 he built a spacious manor house with beautiful parks and gardens in Muttrin. Not far from the Lindenberg, on which the Muttriner linden tree stood, he built a family cemetery. He also renewed the courtyard and the distillery. In 1877 he also bought Groß Gansen ( Gałąźnia Wielka ) and Goschen (Goszczyno) to Kottow (now in Polish: Kotowo) and thus became the founder of the Muttriner rule, which was known until 1945 through the model economy.

Photo-request.svg
 Image wanted 
BW

His eldest son Friedrich-Karl von Zitzewitz (1863–1936) continued his father's work. With the construction of the Stolper Kleinbahn (Stolpetalbahn) in the years 1894 to 1906, Muttriner Wirtschaft received three loading stations in Muttrin, Nimzewo (1938–45 Roden , Polish: Niemczewo) and Jamrin (Jamrzyno). Many new stables, barns, factories, new and modern apartments and a community house were built. The social welfare on the part of the manor was exemplary. Finally, Friedrich-Karl von Zitzewitz expanded the manor house into a palace.

His son Friedrich von Zitzewitz was the last owner of Muttrin, Kottow and Jamrin. During his time, numerous workers' apartments were built with new water pipes. He used roads and telephones to establish connections between the goods and farms so that he could centrally manage the entire business. He was arrested after July 20, 1944 . After the whole of Western Pomerania was placed under Polish administration after the end of the Second World War , its goods were confiscated as part of hasty Polish expropriation measures . Muttrin had previously been owned by the Zitzewitz family for 500 years. The Zitzewitz-Muttrin family archive is partly stored in the Stettin State Archive and in the Greifswald State Archive .

In 1925 there were 85 residential buildings on the parish grounds. On May 17, 1939, 748 inhabitants were counted in Muttrin. There were 30 farms of various sizes. Commerce and trade were well developed in rural conditions at one bakery, one construction business, one distillery and Kartoffeltrockungsbetrieb, 1 Guest house, 1 potato wholesale business, one  grocery store , one seed company, 1  saddlery , 1 tailor, one shoemaker, one carpenter and one Viehhandlung.

Before 1945 Muttrin belonged to the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin in the province of Pomerania . The community area was 2,253 hectares . There were a total of ten places of residence in the municipality:

  1. Jamrin train station
  2. Jamrin
  3. Hunter's House
  4. Klaushof
  5. Kleinpodler forest
  6. Laßhof
  7. Mother
  8. Mill
  9. Nimzewe
  10. Wochotz

The rural community of Muttrin then formed its own official and registry office district in the Stolp district and belonged to the Stolp district court area and the Groß Gansen gendarmerie district (Gałąźnia Wielka).

When the Soviet troops approached in early March 1945 towards the end of World War II , parts of the German 7th Panzer Division took up residence. On March 7, 1945, the villagers began to flee , they moved them via Kottwo (Kotow), Neu Jugelow ( Gogolewko ), Puttkamerhof (until 1937 Niemietzke , Podkomorzyce ), Schwarz Damerkow ( Czarna Dąbrówka ), Helenenhof ( Kostroga ), Kosemühl ( Kozin ), Kose ( Kozy ), Groß Massow ( Maszewo Lęborskie ), Lauenburg ( Lębork ), Goddentow ( Godętowo ) to Lanz ( Łęczyce ), where they were attacked by Soviet fighter planes and disbanded. Some of the trek participants met again in what was then Gotenhafen (= Gdynia, Polish: Gdynia ), some managed to escape by ship to Denmark . The greater part, however, was overtaken by the Soviet troops and returned home.

On March 8, 1945, Muttrin was occupied by Soviet troops who had advanced from the direction of Groß Gansen (Gałąźnia Wielka). These set up a command post. On July 10, 1946, a Polish administration was established. Between 1945 and 1947 the German residents were expelled.

Later, 465 villagers displaced from Muttrin in the Federal Republic of Germany and 126 in the GDR were identified.

Muttrin became Motarzyno and a district of Gmina Dębnica Kaszubska in the Powiat Słupski. Between 1975 and 1998 the village belonged to the Slupsk Voivodeship until it was incorporated into the Pomeranian Voivodeship in 1999 . In 2010 the place had 746 inhabitants.

church

Parish

In 1925 Muttrin had 26 Catholic residents (3.3%), all of the rest were Protestant .

With Budow (Budowo), Gaffert, Wundichow (Unichowo), Nippoglense (Niepoględzie), large and small goose (Gałąźnia Wielka and Mała) Muttrin was parish until 1945 in the parish of Budow and thus belonged to the parish of Bütow (Bytów) in the church province Pomerania of the Protestant Church of the Old Prussian Union .

The church patronage for Muttrin was exercised in the parish of Budow by the manor families von Zitzewitz auf Muttrin and Kottow.

Today Motarzyno belongs to the parish Słupsk ('Stolp') in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

chapel

The Muttriner Chapel was built in 1485 to commemorate the murder of Bailiff Martin von Zitzewitz (1425–1485). In 1622 it was renovated.

school

The year the Muttriner School was founded is not known, but a school chronicle has been preserved that goes back to the 18th century. The first known schoolmaster was Friedrich Tuchy. He died in 1789. At that time, the children from Goschen (Goszczyno) also attended the school in Muttrin until they were given their own school in 1822. In 1903 Muttrin got a new school building with two classrooms.

Muttrin had two elementary schools as early as 1932: a three-level with three classes, two teachers and 126 school children, and a single-level in the Jamrin district (Jamrzyno) with 28 children.

There was also an advanced training and vocational training school in Muttrin. In 1909 it was established for the period from November to March. It was attended by 20 students.

In 2010 there was a primary school in Motarzyno, which was attended by 91 students.

Muttriner linden tree

Jacob von Zitzewitz, Chancellor of Duke Philipp I von Pommern-Wolgast, planted the linden tree in 1555 to commemorate his appointment to the council of the ducal house for life. At a height of 1.5 meters, the trunk was almost 6 meters in circumference and the crown was about 24 meters in diameter.

The linden was about 18 meters high and was called the Schifferlinde. According to the von Zitzewitz chronicle, a member of the family lit a glowing fire next to the tree on stormy and dark nights. The fishermen rewarded him with salt and herrings. Although the linden tree was more than 40 kilometers from the Baltic Sea , it was marked on the nautical charts as a guide.

In 1931 the Muttriner linden tree was declared a protected natural monument of the Stolp district.

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Website of Gmina Dębnica Kaszubska, Gmina w liczbach ( Memento of December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 31, 2014.
  2. ↑ State Archives Stettin - Guide to the holdings up to 1945 (Federal Institute for Culture and History of Germans in Eastern Europe, Ed.). Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-486-57641-0 , p. 569 ( limited preview ).
  3. ↑ Gunthard Stübs: The community of Muttrin in the former Stolp district . Pomeranian Research Association, 2011.
  4. ^ A b Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 752; Location description Gallensow (PDF; 1.4 MB)
  5. ↑ a b Główny Urząd Statystyczny, Portret miejscowości statystycznych w gminie Dębnica Kaszubska (powiat słupski, województwo pomorskie) w 2010 r. Online query
  6. ↑ Elsbeth Vahlefeld: The Muttriner school chronicle . In: Die Pommersche Zeitung , episode 48/01, December 1, 2001, p. 8.