Kozy (Czarna Dąbrówka)
| Kozy | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Bytów | ||
| Gmina : | Czarna Dąbrówka | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 24 ' N , 17 ° 37' E | ||
| Residents : | 387 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 59 | ||
| License plate : | GBY | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Kozin - Chlewnica | ||
| Rail route : | Railway line Gdańsk – Stargard , railway station: Potęgowo (15 km) | ||
| Next international airport : | Gdansk Lech Walesa Airport | ||
Kozy (German Kose , Kashubian Kozë ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the Gmina Czarna Dąbrówka ( rural community Schwarz Damerkow ) in the Powiat Bytowski ( Bütow district ).
Geographical location and transport links
The village is located 33 kilometers northeast of Bytów ( Bütow ) on a side road that goes from Kozin ( Kosemühl ) on Voivodship Road 212 (former German Reichsstraße 158 ) via Mikorowo ( Mickrow ) to Chlewnica ( Karlshöhe ) on Landesstraße 6 (former German Reichsstraße 2 , today also Europastraße 28 ) leads.
The nearest train station is Potęgowo ( Pottangow ) on the Gdańsk – Stargard railway line . Until 1945, Helenenhof ( Kostroga ) was the next station on the Lauenburg – Bütow railway line, which is now largely closed .
Place name
In 1301 the place name appeared as Cosa , in 1305 as Kosen and in 1601 as Kose . In 1945 the place was given the Polish name Kozy, a place name that occurs several times in Poland.
history
According to the historical form of the village, Kose is a large street village . According to an old document, it belonged to the Burgrave Mathäus in Schlawe in 1301 . In 1499 Kose was owned by the von Pirch family . Since 1685 it was owned by von Münchow , who also owned Kosemühl and Klein Rakitt. In 1717 the Secret Council and Chamber President Christian Ernst von Münchow is named as the owner.
In the second half of the 18th century, Kose, Kosemühl and Klein Rakitt went bankrupt and were bought by Friedrich Wilhelm von Somnitz at an auction in 1766 . It followed changing owners until 1781 it passed to Kaspar Friedrich von Massow .
In 1784 Kose had: 1 Vorwerk , 7 farmers, 4 half-farmers, 13 Kossaten , 1 schoolmaster, 1 further roasting jug called Vorwerk as well as 1 glassworks with 6 Büdner and 1 wood- keeper's apartment with a total of 54 households.
At the end of the 18th century, District Administrator Leopold Nikolaus Georg von Zitzewitz acquired Kose and Kosemühl along with numerous other surrounding properties. In 1856 Kosemühl and Klein Rakitt came to Ernst Benjamin Kratz. The last man on Gut Kose was Oberamtmann Max Klatt until 1945.
A town with its own administrative and civil registry district in Kose before 1945 formed district Stolp in Administrative district Köslin of the Prussian province of Pomerania . The gendarmerie was in Wutzkow , the competent district court in Lauenburg (Pomerania) . In 1939 Kose had 739 inhabitants in 179 households.
On March 8, 1945, all of the villagers went on a trek to flee from the approaching Red Army . The goal was Langeböse at first , but the trek was diverted to the Lauenburg district and came via Roslasin and Lanz to Schweslin , where the Red Army overran it and shot several villagers. The village of Kose itself was occupied by the Red Army on March 9, 1945. The Red Army was immediately followed by Polish citizens and East Prussian refugees; when the villagers returned from their trek to Kose, they were already deprived of their property. The war and displacement losses of the municipality of Kose amount to 34 dead, 11 civilian deaths and 114 missing. All German residents were then expelled by June 29, 1947 . Some refugees from East Prussia, including the estate manager Johannes Trzeczak, stayed until March 1958. Kose was renamed Kozy .
Later 339 villagers displaced from Kose in the Federal Republic of Germany and 171 in the GDR were identified.
Kozy is now a district of Gmina Czarna Dąbrówka in powiat Bytowski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship . Today 387 inhabitants are registered here.
Local division until 1945
Before 1945, the municipality of Kose included the following residential areas in addition to the village of Kose itself:
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Kosemühl
Kosemühl (Polish: Kozin, Kashubian: Kozën), which was incorporated late after Kose, largely shared the fate of Kose. Located in the Lupow Valley at the confluence of the Bukowina ( Buckowin River ) in the Lupow (Łupawa), it already had 1 farm, 1 grain mill, 1 cutting mill, 1 jug, 1 blacksmith and 1 wood-keeper's apartment by 1784. The last owner of the Kosemühl and Klein Rakitt estate was the FA Schlieker trading company in Dülmen in Westphalia until 1945 .
The disused Helenenhof station, which got its name from the Vorwerk belonging to the estate, no longer exists today. Monumental structures on this railway line can be viewed as ruins.
Gloddow
Gloddow was incorporated into the Gutsgemeinde Kosemühl since 1900. The village was an old Puttkamer fiefdom, which remained in the family until the 18th century.
The first-named owner of Gloddow is Peter Jürgen von Puttkamer , who hands over the estate to his son, Barthold Richard . After his death in 1731, it was bought by Lieutenant Colonel Christian Gneomar von Puttkamer . After his death in 1780, his son August Christian Ludwig von Puttkamer sold the Gloddow estate, along with the Groß Nossin (a) and (b), Jerskewitz (c) and Saviat estates , to Captain Michael Stanislaus von Zeromski .
Around 1784 the Vorwerk Gloddow had 2 kossaten and 1 wood keeper's cottage with a total of 4 fireplaces. Together with Kosemühl, Gloddow came to the FA Schlieker trading company in Dülmen.
church
Kosemühl village chapel
For a long time there was no church in Kose itself. The evangelical residents' church location was Kosemühl (Kozin), where a simple half-timbered church stood. It was inaugurated on September 15, 1746, by the Chamber President Christian Ernst von Münchow . A wood-carved and painted coat of arms on the organ loft dates from around 1800. The Prussian eagle was to be seen on it as a shield holder.
Today the chapel is a Catholic church and is called Kościół św. Kazimierza (after the Polish saint Casimir ).
Parish
Before 1945, the majority of the inhabitants of Kose were Protestant. In 1925 there were only 59 residents of the Catholic faith (6.6%) who were looked after from Lauenburg (Pomerania) and for whom a separate church was consecrated in 1931.
Kose and its localities belonged to the Protestant parish Mickrow (today in Polish: Mikorowo), but Kosemühl was also considered an independent parish within the parish since 1913. In 1940 the parish had a total of 2499 parishioners, of which 1021 belonged to the Kosemühl parish. It was integrated into the church district of Stolp -Altstadt in the eastern district of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The last German clergyman was Pastor Gustav Oehrn.
Today Kozy belongs to the Catholic parish Mikorowo ( Mickrow ) in the deanery Łupawa ( Lupow ) in the diocese of Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland . Evangelical parishioners living here belong to the parish of the Kreuzkirche parish in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland . The branch church is Lębork ( Lauenburg (Pomerania) ).
school
In 1932 the elementary school in Kose had three levels. Two teachers taught 125 school children here. Some of the Kos children attended school in Klein Rakitt (Rokitki), the children from Kotusow and Priemfelde (Kotuszewo) went to Ludwigshof (Łabędzin) in the Lauenburg district . The last German teacher in Kose before 1945 was Werner Conrad.
literature
- Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 643–648 ( Download location description Kose ) (PDF; 1.3 MB)
Web links
- Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The community of Kose in the former Stolp district. (2011)
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on June 26, 2017
- ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 950-951, No. 18.
- ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 648 ( Kose location description ) (PDF; 1.3 MB)
- ^ The community of Kose in the former Stolp district (Gunthard Stübs and Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2011).
- ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania, Part 2.2. Description of the to the judicial district of the royal. State colleges in Cößlin belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts, Stettin, Effenbart, 1784 pages 966, 975, 989, 1000 [1]
Districts ( Schulzenämter ): Bochowo (Bochow) | Czarna Dąbrówka (Black Damerkow) | Jasień (Jassen) | Jerzkowice (Jerskewitz) | Kartkowo (Kartkow) | Karwno (Karwen) | Kleszczyniec (Kleschinz) | Kłosy (dumplings) | Kotuszewo ( Kutusow , 1938–45 Priemfelde ) | Kozy (Kose) | Mikorowo (Mickrow) | Mydlita (Buchwalde) | Nożynko (Little Nossin) | Nożyno (Great Nossin) | Otnoga ( Wottnogge , 1937–45 Mühlental ) | Rokiciny (Neurakitt) | Rokitki (Little Rakitt) | Rokity (Great Rakitt) | Unichowo (Wundichow) | Wargowo (Vargow)
Other localities: Będzieszyn (Vorwerk Brandstätt) | Bochówko ( Bochowke , 1937–45 Hohenlinde ) | Brzezinka (Bresinke) | Cole | Czarnolesie (Forstkaten) | Dąbie ( Dambee , 1937–45 oaks ) | Dąbrowa Leśna | Dęby | Drążkowo (Neuhof) | Flisów (Flow Yard) | Gliśnica (Gliesnitz) | Jaszewo (Jassewo) | Kostroga (Helenenhof) | Kozin (Kosemühl) | Lipieniec ( Libienz , 1937–45 Liebgen ) | Łupawsko ( Lupowske , 1937–45 Grünenwalde ) | Nowe Karwno (New Karwen) | Obrowo (wobbrow) | Osowskie ( Wussowske , 1937–45 Waldliebe ) | Owsianka (country farm) | Podkomorki | Podkomorzyce ( Niemietzke , 1937–45 Puttkamerhof ) | Połupino (Karlsfelde) | Przybin (Sophienhof) | Przylaski (glassworks) | Rokicki Dwór (Neuhof) | Rudka (Neuhütte) | Sieromino (Zeromin) | Skotawsko ( Schottofske , 1938–45 Schottow ) | Soszyce (Augustfelde) | Święchowo (Friedrichsfelde) | Wargówko (New Vargow) | Zawiaty ( Saviat , 1937–45 view of the lake )