Nożynko

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Nożynko
Nożynko does not have a coat of arms
Nożynko (Poland)
Nożynko
Nożynko
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Bytów
Gmina : Czarna Dąbrówka
Geographic location : 54 ° 19 '  N , 17 ° 27'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 18 '38 "  N , 17 ° 27' 21"  E
Residents : 151 (March 31, 2011)
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GBY
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 212 : Lębork ↔ Bytów - Chojnice - Kamionka
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Nożynko ( German  Klein Nossin , Kasch . Nożënko ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship . It belongs to the municipality of Czarna Dąbrówka ( Schwarz Damerkow ) in the powiat Bytowski ( Bütow district ).

Geographical location and transport links

Nożynko is located in Western Pomerania , about 2.5 kilometers west of Nożyno ( Groß Nossin ) and two kilometers north of Unichowo ( Wundichow ) on Voivodeship Road 212 (here section of the former German Reichsstrasse 158 ) in the Skotawa Valley ( Schottow ). It is 16 kilometers to the district town of Bytów ( Bütow ) in the south-southeast, and the central municipality of Czarna Dąbrówka in the northeast is eight kilometers away. There is no train connection.

Place name

Earlier forms of the name are Noßino (1376), Klein Noessinke (1717), Nossincke, Noßienke, Nossienken, Nossien, Noßinko spellings in documents of later times; since the beginning of the 19th century mainly as Klein-Nossin or Klein Nossin. Kleinnossin was also written in the 1930s and 1940s.

history

Klein Nossin ( Kl. Nossin ) southeast of the city of Stolp and north-northwest of the city of Bütow on a map from 1910.

Nożynko was already settled in prehistoric times. Numerous finds such as stone axes from the 4th / 5th centuries testify to this . Millennium before the birth of Christ. In 1928, an urn field was discovered on the elevation that was then called Lindenberg .

Nożynko is considered a Wendish settlement and is said to have been around the year 500 BC. Have been founded. The oldest document dates from 1376, from it it emerges that Jasbo Pirscha was enfeoffed with the place and it was thus a Pirchsches fief.

Around 1784 there was a Vorwerk , a watermill, five farmers, three Kossaten , a schoolmaster and on the Feldmark the Vorwerk Malenz - a total of 26 fireplaces.

In 1787 Georg Lorentz von Pirch sold Klein Nossin to the von der Marwitz family , who owned it until 1945. In 1849 Adalbert took over from the Marwitz Klein Nossin. He married Maria Anna Henrichsdorff from a Danzig patrician family ( Danziger Goldwasser , Der Lachs zu Danzig ) and increased the property by purchasing the Wundichow estate (now in Polish: Unichowo). After his death, the goods were shared among his sons: the future General Georg von der Marwitz received Wundichow and Klein Nossin was owned by the government councilor Friedrich von der Marwitz . The liquor factory fell to both sons and five daughters.

In 1910 the rural community and the Klein Nossin manor district had a total of 279 inhabitants. Their number rose to 296 by 1933 and was still 245 in 1939. In 1925 there were a total of 24 residential buildings on the parish grounds.

To 1945 was small Nossin a municipality in the administrative and civil registry district United Nossin (Nożyno) in the district of Stolp in Administrative district Köslin of Pomerania . The community area was 1,083 hectares. There were only two places of residence on the parish grounds:

  • Little Nossin
  • Malenz

Towards the end of the Second World War , the Klein Nossin community was evacuated on March 7, 1945 before the advancing Soviet army . A trek went via Schwarz Damerkow (Czarna Dąbrówka), Klein Rakitt (Rokitki), Wutzkow (Oskowo) to Groß Massow (Mazsewo Lęborskie), from there to Labuhn (Łebunia) and Linde (Linia), where he was turned away in the evening of March 10th before Tluzewo / Klutschau was overrun by Red Army troops. Before that, some families and individuals had crossed the Leba bridge, which was blown up, and escaped from Gdingen / Gotenhafen by ship across the Baltic Sea to Western Pomerania and Denmark. In the early morning of March 11, the ambulatory inmates were forced to leave their cars and their relatives unable to walk were forced to return to their hometown. Klein Nossin was occupied without a fight on March 8, 1945. The manor went up in flames in the days around March 15th when there were no Soviet troops in the village.

After Klein Nossin was placed under Polish administration as Nożynko at the end of the war , Poles arrived in the village in September 1945 and took over the houses and farms. All the remaining villagers were expelled by the Poles in July 1947. From then on, Kashubian families , among others, settled permanently in Nożynko.

Later, 129 villagers displaced from Klein Nossin were identified in the Federal Republic of Germany and 54 in the GDR .

The village is now part of the Gmina Czarna Dąbrówka in the powiat Bytowski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Slupsk Voivodeship ).

church

Before 1945, Klein Nossin and its exclusively Protestant population belonged to the parish of Groß Nossin (Nożyno) in the church district of Stolp-Altstadt in the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .

The reference to the previous parish seat remained intact even after 1945, although now an almost exclusively Catholic population lives in Nożynko. However, the parish of Nożyno now belongs to the deanery Łupawa ( Lupow ) in the Pelplin diocese of the Catholic Church in Poland . Evangelical church members are now parish in the Kreuzkirche parish in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

school

In 1736, a school was first recorded for Klein Nossin. In 1848 the school with 61 students in Klein Nossin was held in the classroom of a day laborer's house, in which the teachers' family also lived cramped. The limited space forced the construction of the first school building in 1850, which burned down in 1903. In 1906 a new school building was completed, in which teaching was carried out until 1945. The historically significant school and village chronicles, which were responsibly supervised by the teachers, were lost in the turmoil after the end of the war.

The teacher Ernst Blaurock, who taught in Klein Nossin from 1928 to 1941, wrote several magazine articles on the local history of Klein Nossin. With archaeological excavations Blaurock also intensively investigated questions about the prehistoric settlement of Klein Nossin and in the 13 years of his activity researched the area for prehistoric material and built up an extensive collection in the school and the utility rooms of his official residence.

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania. Evidence of his German past . Lübeck 1989, pp. 619–621, location description Klein Nossin . (PDF)
  • Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 989-990, No. 98.
  • Ernst Blaurock: The rural conditions in Klein Nossin at the time of the reforms of Baron von Stein. In: Ostpommersche Heimat 1931, No. 25, 26.
  • Ernst Blaurock: From the local history of Kleinnossin . In: Ostpommersche Heimat 1931, No. 39, 40.
  • Ernst Blaurock: The field names of Klein Nossin. In: Ostpommersche Heimat 1932, No. 16.
  • Heino Kebschull: Little Nossin. Flight and displacement. Memory . Hanover 2002.
  • Heino Kebschull: From Western Pomerania to somewhere. . . Wennigsen 2009.
  • Heino Kebschull: On the school history of Klein Nossin together with materials on the history of all schools in the parish of Groß Nossin in the 19th century . Wennigsen 2010.
  • Heino Kebschull: On the local history of Klein Nossin, Stolp district - Annotated documents . Wennigsen 2011.
  • Heino Kebschull: Homeland trips in the Stolp district to Klein and Groß Nossin from 1976 to 2008 . Wennigsen 2011.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on June 26, 2017
  2. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, pp. 989-990, No. 98.
  3. ↑ Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The community of Klein Nossin in the former Stolp district. (2011).
  4. ^ Heino Kebschull: Home trips to Klein Nossin and Groß Nossin . Wennigsen 2011, p. 24.
  5. ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 621, location description Klein Nossin . (PDF)
  6. ^ Heino Kebschull: On the school history of Klein Nossin . Wennigsen 2010, p. 26.
  7. ^ Heino Kebschull: On the local history of Klein Nossin. Wennigsen 2011, p. 11.