Nożyno

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nożyno
Nożyno does not have a coat of arms
Nożyno (Poland)
Nożyno
Nożyno
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Bytów
Gmina : Czarna Dąbrówka
Geographic location : 54 ° 19 '  N , 17 ° 30'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 18 '53 "  N , 17 ° 29' 35"  E
Residents : 352 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code : 77-115
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GBY
Economy and Transport
Street : DW212 : Lębork / DK 6 ↔ Bytów / DK 20 - Chojnice / DK 22 - Kamionka / DK 25
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Nożyno ( German  Groß Nossin , kasch. Nożëno ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the municipality of Czarna Dąbrówka ( Schwarz Damerkow ) in the Bytowski powiat ( Bütow district ).

Geographical location and transport links

The village is located in Western Pomerania , about 35 kilometers south-east of the town of Słupsk ( Stolp ) and 30 kilometers south-south-west of the town of Lębork ( Lauenburg i. Pom. ) In the area of ​​a terminal moraine on a canal that used to be known as the Trczebitsch lake with the small Schottofske lake. Lake and the Great Schottofske Lake . The north-eastern border of the Stolpetal Landscape Protection Park ( Parl Krajobrazowy Dolina Słupi ) runs in the north of the village.

The place is bypassed by the Voivodship Road 212 (here part of the former German Reichsstraße 158 ), which connects the cities of Lębork ( Lauenburg in Pomerania ), Bytów ( Bütow ) and Chojnice ( Konitz ), each located on an important national road. A rail connection no longer exists since 1945, after the railway Lauenburg-Bütow (Lębork-Bytów) station away with the eight kilometers Black Damerkow (Czarna Dąbrówka) and Stolpe Talbahn Stolp-Budow (Słupsk-Budowo) with seven kilometers distant station Budow ( Budowo) have been shut down and in some cases even dismantled.

Place name

Earlier forms of the name are: Nuszyna , Nasin , Nessow , Noscyn , Noszino and Nossin .

history

Groß Nossin ( Gr. Nossin ) southeast of Stolp on a map from 1910.
Village church (Protestant until 1945)

According to the historical form of the village, the former Gutsdorf Groß Nossin was a large rural village . As early as 1315 it was mentioned in a document in which Margrave Waldemar von Brandenburg confirmed the ownership of the place to Casimir Swenz and his heirs. In 1390 it already belonged to the Puttkamers , and in 1523 Swentze was named putkummer to Nossin .

Groß Nossin A and B belonged to Lieutenant Colonel Christian Gneomar von Puttkamer (* 1706, † 1760) and were sold by his son August Christian Ludwig von Puttkamer in 1780 to Captain Michael Stanislaus von Zeromski from the Zeromski family .

Groß Nossin C was transferred to the Wollin branch of the Puttkamers around 1700 .

Around 1784 Groß Nossin had two outworks , a preacher, a sexton, a preacher's widow's house, a preacher colonus , eight farmers, two Kossäts , a blacksmith, on the Feldmark the Slupp outworks, three Kossäts and some Büdner , called Schidlitz, two wooden kats in the Nackel, a wooden box in the Mallinz, a water mill and a wooden box - for a total of 38 households.

In 1802 the Puttkamer family managed to buy back Nossin A and B, so that the entire estate was again in one hand. Albert von Puttkamer sold Nossin in 1840, which finally left the property in 1847. In 1850 it was bought by a Mr. Elert , after which it was owned by Paul Elert in 1893 and 1910 , Kurt Elert in 1928 and Lotte Hoene in 1939 . In 1938 the 625 hectare manor comprised 300 hectares of arable land and 275 hectares of woodland.

Before 1945, Groß Nossin belonged to the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Stettin in the province of Pomerania . In 1910 there were 430 inhabitants registered in Groß Nossin. Their number rose to 724 by incorporation in 1933 and was already 794 in 1939. The municipality area totaled 4,787 hectares, and Groß Nossin had a total of ten districts by 1945:

The municipality was the seat of an official and registry office district , to which Klein Nossin (Nożynko) also belonged.

Towards the end of the Second World War , the villagers of Groß Nossin received the order on March 7, 1945 to evacuate the place. The trek passed via Jerskewitz (Jerzkowice), Helenenhof (Kostroga), Linde (Linia) to Strepsch (Strzepcz), where it was overrun by Soviet troops. While some villagers were able to escape to Neustadt in West Prussia (Wejherowo) and Gotenhafen (Gdynia), the others returned to their home village, where the bridge over the Schottow (Skotawa) had been blown up on March 8, 1945 when the Soviet troops approached . The Russians took the place, and in mid-summer 1945 Poles occupied the farms and houses. Great Nossin was renamed Nożyno . Poles, Ukrainians and Kashubians settled here . The entire village population was displaced .

Later 405 villagers displaced from Groß Nossin were identified in the Federal Republic of Germany and 139 in the GDR .

Today the village has about 350 inhabitants and is the seat of a Schulzenamt and part of the Gmina Czarna Dąbrówka in the Powiat Bytowski of the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Slupsk Voivodeship ). Between 1945 and 1954 Nożyno was an independent rural municipality.

Slupp glassworks

In 1866, the manor owner Elert founded the Slupp glassworks not far from the Taubenberg forestry in the southwest of the municipality of Groß Nossin . It was located directly on the bank of the Stolpe (Słupia), which at that time was the border river between the Stolp district and the Bütow district . Only window glass was manufactured that was sold in Danzig and Königsberg (Prussia) .

The required sand was extracted in Klein Gansen (Gałąźnia Mała), Gallensow (Gałęzów) and Mühlchen (Bylina). Logs were used as heating material. Between six and eight glassblowers from Bohemia were employed in the hut . The Slupp glassworks had to close in 1892 for economic reasons.

church

Parish church

The church in Nożyno ( Great Nossin )

A church was mentioned in Groß Nossin on the occasion of two church visits in 1539 and 1590. In the spring of 1638 the church and all the parish buildings burned down in a conflagration. In 1644 a new wooden building was erected, but it remained without a roof or compartment for a few years. When the roof was finally closed, it was soon damaged and the church became more and more dilapidated.

It was not until 1724 that a new church tower was able to be built, and then the church as well in 1774. But on March 31, 1832 it burned down again, as did the rectory built in 1700.

A new building provided a replacement in 1836. Altar and pulpit were now combined in a simple structure, old furnishings were no longer available. The branch church built in 1936 in Schwarz Damerkow (Czarna Dąbrówka) contributed to the relief of the Groß Nossin parish church.

After 1945 the previously evangelical church was expropriated in favor of the Catholic Church. It received a new consecration and the name “ St. Anthony of Padua Church ”.

Parish / Parish

Groß Nossin already formed its own parish in the pre-Reformation period . With the Reformation in 1538 it adopted Lutheran teaching and was incorporated into the Evangelical Synod of Stolp until 1817 . After that it was part of the Synod Alt Kolziglow (Kołczygłowy) and was reclassified in 1871 to the church district of Bütow , to which it belonged until 1945 - in the church province of Pomerania, the church of the Old Prussian Union .

In 1940 the parish of Groß Nossin had a total of 2760 parishioners who lived in seventeen villages in six parishes:

Since 1945 the Protestant church members living in Nożyno have been a small minority. They now belong to the Kreuzkirche in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Before 1945, the Church in Stolp included the Catholic church members who lived within the parish of Groß Nossin. Today, with a predominantly Catholic population, the local church is the parish church of the Nożyno parish , which is affiliated to the newly formed deanery Łupawa ( Lupow ) in the diocese of Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland . The former branch church in Czarna Dąbrówka ( Schwarz Damerkow ) was separated and raised to its own parish church. The parish Nożyno includes the places Kartkowo ( Kartkow ), Kleszczyniec ( Kleschinz ), Maleniec ( Malenz ), Nożyno ( Groß Nossin ), Nożynko ( Klein Nossin ), Osowskie ( Wussowske or Waldliebe ) and Połupino ( Karlsfelde ), while new the village Unichowo ( Wundichow ) has been moved to Nożyno.

Pastor until 1945

From the Reformation to 1945, 23 Protestant clergymen officiated in Groß Nossin:

  • Michael Quandt, 1558-1560
  • Jakob Krampe, from 1566
  • Paul Starost, from 1605
  • Peter Ehler, 1612-1642
  • Thomas Schwichtenberg, 1643–1651
  • Johann Uhlmann, 1651–1652
  • Johann Junge, 1653–1658
  • Johann Piscator (Fischer), from 1658
  • Ernst Bock, until 1699
  • Christoph Vizichius, 1700–1705
  • Christian Dreisow, 1706–1753
  • Samuel Friedrich Nalentz, 1753–1759
  • Samuel Andreas Kummer,
    1759–1766
  • Samuel Friedrich Alexius, 1766–1790
  • Martin Christian Messerschmidt, 1790–1804
  • August Theodor Kummer, 1805–1808
  • Johann Friedrich Seefisch, 1809-1853
  • Hermann Dröse, 1853–1888
  • Gustav Hermann Adloff, 1889–1911
  • Julius Albert Fürer, 1912–1919
  • Johannes Hermann, 1919–1926
  • Fritz Adloff, 1926–1931
  • Winfried Behling, 1933–1945

Groß Nossin was next to 15 other parishes until 1817 assigned to the Kashubian district of the Stolper Synod, whose pastors preached in German and Kashubian . In any case, the pastor Samuel Andreas Kummer, who was in office in Groß Nossin until 1766, may still have spoken Kashubian. This can be concluded from the fact that he later taught both German and Kashubian-speaking confirmands in the Groß Garde .

school

In 1932 the elementary school in Groß Nossin had three levels. Two teachers taught 83 school children in three classes. There was a second school in Kartkow . It was built in the middle of the 19th century about 2 kilometers from Kartkow on the left on the road towards Piaschen See for the then Groß Nossin districts of Kartkow, Schottofske, Zemee, Slupp, Groß Nakel and Stromkathen.

In the winter of 1848/49, a dispute arose up to the district government in Köslin about the equipment and material supply of the schools in Groß Nossin and Kartkow between the teachers Soyck in Groß Nossin, Misch in Kartkow and Pastor Seefisch on the one hand and the manor owner Elert as patron the schools on the other hand, which the district government in Köslin considered to be historically significant, documented and handed down.

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 533-538 ( description of the location Groß Nossin ; PDF, 1.27 MB)
  • Ernst Blaurock: From the local history of Klein Nossin . In: Ostpommersche Heimat . 1932, no. 39 f.
  • Hans Glaeser-Swantow: The Evangelical Pomerania . Part 2. Szczecin 1940.
  • Heino Kebschull: Klein Nossin - Flight and Expulsion, Memory . Hanover 2002.
  • Heino Kebschull: On the school history of Klein Nossin, Stolp district, parish Groß Nossin - together with materials on the history of all schools in the parish in the 19th century. Wennigsen 2011.
  • Heino Kebschull: On the local history of Klein Nossin - Annotated documents. Wennigsen 2011.
  • Kurt Knorr: Disappeared glass industry in the Stolp district . In: Ostpommersche Heimat . 1932, no.22.
  • Ernst Müller: The Protestant clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present . Part 2. Szczecin 1912.
  • Haunted church in Nossin . In: Ostpommersche Heimat . 1937, no.8.

Web links

Commons : Nożyno  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on June 26, 2017
  2. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2: Description of the court district of the royal. State colleges in Coesslin belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts . Effenbart, Stettin 1784, p. 966 , p. 975 , p. 989 and p. 1000 .
  3. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part 2, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 989, No. 97.
  4. ^ Heino Kebschull: Home trips to small and large Nossin . Pp. 64-67
  5. ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 538 ( Description of the place Groß Nossin ; PDF )
  6. ^ Heino Kebschull: On the local history of Klein Nossin , p. 96
  7. ↑ In the Mes Tischblatt 1770 of the Prussian Land Survey of 1875 it is clearly listed in the edition of 1877 as the Kartkow School.
  8. ↑ Heino Kebschull: On the school history of Klein Nossin, Stolp district together with materials on the history of all schools in the parish of Groß Nossin in the 19th century . Wennigsen 2010, p. 31 ff.