Eduard von Bonin

Eduard von Bonin.

Eduard Wilhelm Ludwig von Bonin (born March 12, 1793 in Stolp , † March 13, 1865 in Koblenz ) was a Prussian infantry general and minister of war .

Life

origin

He was the son of the later Prussian Lieutenant General Ernst Friedrich Otto von Bonin (1761-1822) and his wife Albertine Friederike Sophie, née von Podewils from the Lupow family (1772-1828). His younger brother Otto von Bonin (1795–1862) also became lieutenant general.

Military career

In 1806 Bonin joined the regiment of the Duke of Braunschweig-Oels and attended the campaign in Saxony and Blücher's retreat to Lübeck , where he was captured. Released on his word of honor, he returned to his garrison town of Prenzlau and attended high school there.

In August 1809 he joined the 1st Guards Regiment on foot as an ensign and in July 1810 became second lieutenant . Bonin took part in the battles near Großgörschen , Bautzen and Leipzig as an adjutant in the Guard Brigade during the 1813/14 campaign . For his achievements in the Battle of Paris Bonin received the Iron Cross First Class and the Russian Order of Saint Anne II Class. In 1817 he became a captain , in 1829 a major in the Alexander Regiment . On December 14, 1841 he was promoted to regimental commander and on April 7, 1842 he became a colonel . From March 9, 1848, Bonin commanded the 16th Infantry Brigade .

In the Schleswig-Holstein campaign he took over command of the Prussian Line Brigade on March 26, 1848, and worked at its head with distinction in the battles near Schleswig and Düppel . For this he was awarded the order Pour le Mérite . After the Malmö Armistice was concluded, Bonin was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Schleswig-Holstein Army , which he reorganized and considerably reinforced in the winter of 1848/49. At the head of the same he fought victoriously on April 20 and 22, 1849 at Kolding , but could not take Fredericia and was repulsed on July 6. After the second armistice between Prussia and Denmark , he resigned his command in April 1850 and returned to the Prussian Army .

He became the commandant of Berlin , received the supreme command of the 16th division in Trier and was appointed lieutenant general and war minister in March 1852 . As such, he endeavored to introduce greater tactical mobility into the infantry, pursued a more intimate merger of the Landwehr with the line by setting up mixed line and Landwehr brigades, gave the Landwehr cavalry a more advantageous organization and implemented improved armament of the infantry.

In 1854 he resigned because he had tried to free Prussian politics from Russian influence during the Crimean War , was given command of the 12th Division in Neisse and became vice governor of the Mainz fortress on March 20, 1856 . In 1858 he was again entrusted with the war ministry by the Prince Regent , but in December 1859 he was dismissed again due to differences of opinion in the reorganization of the army and appointed commanding general of the VIII Army Corps in Koblenz. In recognition of the good condition of the corps, Bonin was awarded the Grand Cross for the Order of the Red Eagle with Swords on the Ring on September 20, 1861 . He was also appointed chief of the 28th Infantry Regiment and knighted the Order of the Black Eagle on March 17, 1863 . He died while exercising his service on March 13, 1865 in Koblenz.

family

Bonin was married to Sophie Mathilde Dequer de Jouy (born May 15, 1800, † October 9, 1869). The marriage had seven children:

• Marie (September 28, 1822 - August 26, 1862)
• Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Fürchtegott (born November 14, 1824 - October 11, 1885), Lieutenant General
• Karoline Elise (* July 10, 1826 - January 13, 1896) ⚭ July 15, 1855 Wilhelm Georg von Warburg (* 1820 - June 7, 1885), Lord of Hohenlandin and Augustenhof
• Emma Sophie Luise (1828--15 May 1831)
• Anna Pauline Helene (born August 1, 1831; † April 5, 1896) ⚭ December 28, 1858 Johann (Janko) Aristachi-Bey († 1897), 1860–1876 Turkish ambassador in Berlin
• Rosalie Emilie Ludowike (born January 10, 1834), canon
• Arthur Heinrich Friedrich Maximilian Wedig Bogislaw (* March 15, 1846 - June 17, 1886), royal Prussian major a la Suite ⚭ April 4, 1872 Meta Alwine Adelheid Luise von Hahn (* May 28, 1852) from the house of Spirgen, Courland

Honors

In the 1930s, there was a street in Flensburg that was named after Eduard von Bonin (see list of streets and squares in Flensburg, letter B ).

In Kiel Südfriedhof since 1874 the bonuses road exists.

Works

• Basic features for dispersed combat. Verlag Mittler, Berlin 1839. Digitized

literature

• Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 6, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1938], DNB 367632810 , pp. 254-257, no. 1880.
• German Biographical Encyclopedia . 2nd edition ( Rudolf Vierhaus , ed.), Volume 1, Saur, Munich 2005, p. 823
• Hans Branig:  Bonin, Eduard Wilhelm Ludwig von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 447 ( digitized version ).
• Richard von Meerheimb :  Bonin, Eduard von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, pp. 128-130.
• Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of noble houses, 1902, third year p.132

Web links

• Literature by and about Eduard von Bonin in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Bärbel Holtz (edit.): The protocols of the Prussian State Ministry 1817–1934 / 38. Vol. 4 / II. In: Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): Acta Borussica . New episode. Olms-Weidmann , Hildesheim 2003, ISBN 3-487-11827-0 , p. 550 ( Online ; PDF 1.9 MB).