Łobez

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Łobez
Coat of arms of Łobez
Łobez (Poland)
Łobez
Łobez
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : West Pomerania
Powiat : Łobez
Area : 12.84  km²
Geographic location : 53 ° 38 '  N , 15 ° 37'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 38 '0 "  N , 15 ° 37' 0"  E
Height : 56-94 m npm
Residents : 10,167
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 73-150
Telephone code : (+48) 91
License plate : ZLO
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 147 (Nowogard -) Wierzbięcin ↔ Łobez
Ext. 148 Starogard Łobeski ↔ Drawsko Pomorskie
Ext. 151 Świdwin ↔ Gorzów Wielkopolski
Rail route : PKP line 202: Stargard ↔ Danzig
Next international airport : Szczecin-Goleniów
Gmina
Gminatype: Urban and rural municipality
Gmina structure: 21 school authorities
Surface: 227.68 km²
Residents: 13,974
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 61 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 3218023
Administration (as of 2018)
Mayor : Piotr Ćwikła
Address: ul. Niepodległości 13
73-150 Łobez
Website : www.lobez.pl



Łobez ([ ˈwɔbɛs ] listen ? / I , German Labes ) is a town with about 10,300 inhabitants in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . It is the seat of the Powiat Łobeski and an urban and rural municipality . Audio file / audio sample

Geographical location

The city is located in Western Pomerania on the Rega River at 76 meters above sea level, around 75 km from Szczecin . The distance to the neighboring cities of Nowogard (German Naugard ) and Drawsko Pomorskie (German Dramburg ) is 30 and 18 kilometers respectively. Łobez is located on the Stargard - Gdynia railway line , but can only be reached on the street via secondary streets, five of which meet in town. The surrounding area is characterized by extensive forest areas.

Aerial photo (2005)

City of Łobez

Labes southeast of the city of Regenwalde on a map from 1905
City center with church

history

On the basis of early excavation finds, it can be assumed that the later city of Labes had a Slavic predecessor settlement that was immediately southwest of the later medieval city. In 1271 a document names a Borco dominus de Lobis ("Borko, Lord of Lobis"). This is a reference to the noble von Borcke family who owned the place.

The settlement of the city of Labes probably came from wild roots. The town charter was probably granted before 1295 by the Borcke family. In any case, the city was already referred to as civitas in 1295 under the name Lobese . Later, for the year 1348, the town charter of the city of Lübeck was proven, but this only applied in individual areas of law. A confirmation of the town privileges by the Borcke family took place in 1460, which has been handed down in a copy from 1623. The Borcke remained the lords of Labes until the 19th century.

Until 1637 the dukes of Pomerania were sovereigns. After that, the Pomeranian ruling house of the Griffins died out and Western Pomerania , in which Labes was also located, became part of Brandenburg-Prussia .

In 1637 and 1685 Labes was destroyed by city fires. After the reconstruction, cloth makers and shoemakers dominated economic life. In 1792 a copper hammer went into operation, which existed for almost eighty years. Labes was an agricultural town . In addition to some farmers, there was Gut Zühlsdorf and Gut Labes B. A few kilometers outside the direction of Prütznow was Gut Labes A and D.

Labes also became known for the production of wooden clogs (= Schlurren, hence the nickname Schlurr-Labs ). After the Prussian administrative reform of 1815, Labes became the district town of the Regenwalde district . The district office, the district court and the finance and land registry office were created. When Labes was connected to the Stargard - Köslin railway in 1859 , this was also the beginning of increased industrialization. The Kaiser brothers played a decisive role in this with their machine and wire fence factory. Her father Reinhold Kaiser from Prütznow had already set up the electricity supply for Labes on the basis of a contract concluded with the city of Labes on November 1, 1898, and supplied Labes with electricity from his power station operated by Rega in Prütznow. The establishment of the state stud in Labes, which was initiated by the Prussian government in 1876, was of great importance. It was the only stud in Pomerania and specialized in the breeding of stallions. The starch factory , which processed the potato harvest from the surrounding towns, also had a significance that went beyond Labes. There was also a peeling mill, a grain mill and a sand-lime brick factory .

The positive development of the city can be seen in the number of inhabitants. While it had 5,225 inhabitants in 1885, 7,300 people lived in the city at the beginning of the Second World War .

With the introduction of the Reformation in Labes around 1537, the population became Protestant. The oldest surviving church book in the city of Labes covers the years 1647 to 1764; it could be acquired in 2013 for the church registry of the Evangelical Central Archives. Around 1927 there were two Protestant parishes in the city. A Roman Catholic minority was cared for by the pastor from Köslin in the 19th century . From 1932 to 1937 the pastor and resistance fighter August Froehlich looked after them from Dramburg , and from 1938 the parish in Schivelbein took care of them .

Towards the end of the Second World War , Soviet troops captured Labes in March 1945, started fires and largely destroyed the city center. Soon after the occupation by the Red Army , Labes was placed under Polish administration. Poles now settled, most of whom came from the areas east of the Curzon Line that had fallen to the Soviet Union as part of the “ westward displacement of Poland ” . Unless the German residents of Labes had fled beforehand, they were expelled . After the takeover by the Polish administration, the city was renamed Łobez.

Labes is the origin of the Labes nativity play , which was brought to northern Germany by refugees after 1945 and has been performed there regularly since 1973.

Population numbers

Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (until 1945 Protestant town church of Labes)
  • 1740: 1,191
  • 1782: 1,160, including 15 Jews
  • 1794: 1,339, including 18 Jews
  • 1812: 1,797, including two Catholics and 38 Jews
  • 1816: 1,939, including two Catholics and 62 Jews
  • 1831: 2,443, including seven Catholics and 61 Jews
  • 1843: 3,207, including seven Catholics and 100 Jews
  • 1852: 3,939, including six Catholics and 121 Jews
  • 1861: 4,756, including 19 Catholics, 167 Jews and three members of the free congregation of German Catholics
  • 1875: 5.010
  • 1880: 5.603
  • 1925: 6,088, including 42 Catholics and 43 Jews
  • 1933: 6,947
  • 1939: 7.310
year   Jewish population 
1705 2 families
1753 1 family
1782 15th
1794 18th
1812 38
1816 62
1831 61
1840 90
1843 100
1852 121
1861 167
1867 175
1871 138
1903 105
1925 43
1939 11
1940 0

List of mayors

Mayor from 1632 to 2014:

  • 1632: Carsten Beleke
  • 1670: Bernd Bublich
  • before 1700: Paul Belecke
  • 1702: Theele
  • 1723: JE Hackebeck († 1740)
  • 1734: JW Weinholtz († 1745)
  • 1736: Schultze
  • 1745: MC Fritze († 1749)
  • 1746, 1757: Johann Friedrich Thym
  • 1752, 1775: Johann Gottfried Severin
  • 1753: JF von Flige (?)
  • 1757: lighter
  • 1767: Gottlieb Timm
  • 1790: Jahncke
  • 1809: Johann Georg Falck († 1823)
  • 1823–1840: Johann Friedrich Rosenow
  • 1842–1844: Adolf Ludwig Ritter (interim)
  • 1844–1845: Albert Wilhelm Nitzky
  • 1846–1852: Heinrich Ludwig Gotthilf Hasenjäger
  • 1852–1864: Carl Albert Alexander Schüz
  • 1921: Willi Kieckbusch
  • 1945: Hackelberg, Teofil Fiutowski, Stefan Nowak, Feliks Mielczarek
  • 1946: Władysław Śmiełowski
  • 1948: Tadeusz Klimski
  • 1949: Ignacy Łepkowski
  • 1966: Franciszek Warsiński
  • 1972-1990: Zbigniew Con
  • 1990-1994: Marek Romejko
  • 1994-1998: Jan Szafran
  • 1998–2002: Halina Szymańska
  • 2002-2006: Marek Romejko
  • 2006-2014: Ryszard Sola
  • since 2014: Piotr Ćwikła
Cemetery with lapidarium and cemetery chapel
on the left: Memorial stone for Otto Puchstein
Lapidary in the cemetery
Roland Column - 2013
Roland Column (2018)

Attractions

Sacred Heart Church (Łobez)
German-Polish memorial
Memorial stone for Otto Puchstein
  • A landmark of rennet was the Roland -Denkmal in memory of the 208 fallen Labeser of the First World War . It was financed by donations from the population and built in 1925/1926 in voluntary, free community work on the 100 m high memorial mountain on the Hainholz .
Seven stone pillars, in which the tablets with the names of the fallen and which were connected with heavy oak beams, formed the sacrificial ring. In it stood the Roland column looking down on the city on a pedestal . A thick chain was forged around the base.
The entrance to the monument was artistically designed. A staircase led up through several wall rings on which artificial barrows and rune stones were laid. In 1945 the monument was destroyed.
The monument mountain, which was previously unwooded, is now wooded. The facility has been a legally protected monument since 2013. In 2016 it was decided to revitalize the site.
  • In 1993 a German-Polish memorial was erected in the Łobez cemetery , in which parts of the destroyed Roland monument (e.g. a sun rune stone) were included.
  • A memorial stone ( lapidarium ) for the German archaeologist Otto Puchstein was inaugurated in front of the Łobez cemetery in 1993 . Puchstein (1856-1911) was u. a. Excavation manager in Baalbek .

sons and daughters of the town

Gmina Łobez

The Office of the Municipality and City of Łobez (Labes)

The Gmina (urban and rural municipality) Łobez covers an area of ​​227 km³. More than 14,000 people live here.

Community structure

Gmina Kamień Łobez is an urban-and-rural municipality . Belong to her

  • a city:
    • Łobez (Labes)

Partner communities

Reconciliation Cross in Aulzhausen (Bavaria)

Partner communities are:

literature

  • Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania. Outline of their history, mostly based on documents. Bath, Berlin 1865, pp. 240-242. (E-copy)
  • Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 1: Description of the court district of the Royal. State colleges in Stettin belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts . Stettin 1784, pp. 321-324.
  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania - description of the conditions of this country in the second half of the 19th century . Part II: Land book of the Duchy of Stettin, of Kamin and Western Pomerania; or the administrative district of the Königl. Government to Szczecin . Volume 7: The rainforest district, and news of the spread of the Roman Catholic. Church in Pomerania. Berlin and Wriezen 1874, pp. 42-139 and pp. 759-765.
  • Ernst Zernickow: History of the town of Labes in Pomerania from its foundation to the middle of the 19th century. Labes 1922.
  • Adam Kogut, Anna Dargiewicz, Barbara Smolska Nazarek: Gmina i miasto Łobez. przewodnik turystyczny. (= Municipality and town of Łobez. Travel guide .; Łobez commune and town. Tourist guidebook. ). Wydawnictwo Tekst, Bydgoszcz 2001, ISBN 83-7208-020-8 . (Polish - German - English)
  • Peter Johanek , Franz-Joseph Post (ed.); Thomas Tippach, Roland Lesniak (edit.): City book of Hinterpommern. (German City Book, Vol. 3, 2). Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-17-018152-1 , pp. 135-138.
  • City Office of the City of Łobez (Ed.): Łobez. Urzędu Miejskiego et al., Łobez et al. 2004, ISBN 83-917628-5-8 . (Photos from the past and present; Polish - German - English)
  • Zbigniew Harbuz: Calendar ziemi i powiatu łobeskiego . Łabuź, Łobez 2007, ISSN  1509-6378 , pp. 1–60.
  • Friends of the hometown of the district town of Labes in Pomerania (ed.): Labes - our dear hometown. Google Books , self-published .

Web links

Commons : Łobez  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Labes in the Topographia Electoratus Brandenburgici et Ducatus Pomeraniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mapa wysokości i głębokości Info.pl, Poland
  2. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Website of the municipality, Ogólne dane Urzędu , accessed on December 6, 2018
  4. ↑ Horst Kaiser: Prütznow - labes / Regenwalde - Pomeranian
  5. ^ Klaus Granzow : Pomerania in 1440 pictures
  6. ^ Siegfried Hannemann, Inger Buchard, Dieter Wallschläger : Das Labeser Kirchenbuch. Happy ending after an odyssey . In: The Pommersche Zeitung . No. 1/2014, pp. 12-13.
  7. ↑ biografie.pisz.pl  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / biografie.pisz.pl  
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Kratz (1965), p. 242.
  9. ^ A b c d Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. regenwalde.html # ew39rgnwhlabes. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  10. ↑ http://stadt.labes.kreis-regenwalde.de/
  11. ↑ Zbigniew Harbuz - Łabuź - Calendar (PDF; 592 kB)
  12. ↑ Lobez - ( Virtual Shtetl )
  13. ↑ Zbigniew Harbuz - Calendar
  14. ^ Gustav Kratz: The cities .., p. 242.
  15. ↑ Wili Kieckbusch - Pomerania - Labes [1]
  16. ↑ Roland Memorial for those who fell in World War I - ( Wiki.Genealogy )
  17. ↑ Rejestr zabytków
  18. ↑ Rewitalizacja
  19. ↑ Sołectwa at www.lobez.pl.
  20. ↑ Łobez - współpraca zagraniczna [2]