Drawsko Pomorskie

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Drawsko Pomorskie
Drawsko Pomorskie coat of arms
Drawsko Pomorskie (Poland)
Drawsko Pomorskie
Drawsko Pomorskie
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : West Pomerania
Powiat : Drawsko Pomorskie
Area : 22.00  km²
Geographic location : 53 ° 32 '  N , 15 ° 48'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 31 '51 "  N , 15 ° 48' 27"  E
Residents : 11,597
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 78-500
Telephone code : (+48) 94
License plate : ZDR
Economy and Transport
Street : DK20 Stargard ↔ Gdynia
Ext. 148 Starogard Łobeski ↔ Drawsko Pomorskie
Ext. 175 Drawsko Pomorskie ↔ Choszczno
Rail route : PKP line No. 210: Chojnice – Runowo Pomorskie railway line
Next international airport : Szczecin-Goleniów
Gmina
Gminatype: Urban and rural municipality
Gmina structure: 32 localities
13 school authorities
Surface: 344.00 km²
Residents: 17,270
(June 30, 2019)
Population density : 50 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 3203023
Administration (as of 2014)
Mayor : Zbigniew Ptak
Address: ul. Gen. Wł. Sikorskiego 41
78-500 Drawsko Pomorskie
Website : www.drawsko.pl



Drawsko Pomorskie ( German : Dramburg ) is a district town and urban and rural municipality in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship with about 12,000 inhabitants.

Geographical location

The city is located in Pomerania in Pomerania Switzerland in the area of ​​the Pomeranian ridge , at an altitude of 97 m above sea level, and is touched by the upper reaches of the Drawa river (Drage) . A large forest area extends to the east. South of the city is the Jezioro Okra (Wuckersee) . Szczecin in the west is about 100 km away.

In the south of the city is Europe's largest military training area, Centrum Szkolenia Wojsk Lądowych Drawsko (Poligon Drawsko), used by Polish and NATO troops. The military training area and the vicinity of Drawsko are also regular venues for the Wroclaw Rally .

  • Jezioro okra

  • Bridge over the Drage River (1930)

City history

Houses on the main street
St. Marien Church (Protestant until 1945)

From the 7th to the 13th century there was a Slavic fortification on the upper reaches of the Drage river, a few kilometers north of the Lübbe lake . After the Brandenburg electors had acquired the territory of Poland in the middle of the 13th century, they commissioned Belbuck monks to found a monastery in 1254 as part of their settlement efforts . The plans failed, however, as the intended location was too far from the parent monastery and the monks found the land unsuitable because of its wilderness. The Brandenburgers stuck to their plans, however, and since a settlement had developed near the castle, the Prenzlau knights Arnold, Konrad and Johann von Golz were commissioned by the margraves to develop the place into a city. By settling German immigrants, they succeeded in expanding the village to such an extent that in 1297 the Brandenburg margraves Otto IV "with the arrow" and Conrad I and his sons were able to grant Magdeburg city rights . In order to further promote the development of the city, Margrave Ludwig I waived all taxes from 1338 to 1350. In 1350 the town was given to the von Wedell family as a fief. On February 13, 1368, Dramburg was the scene of the peace treaty between the Brandenburg margrave Otto the Finner and the Polish king Casimir III. Meanwhile the influx of settlers continued, so that at the end of the 14th century the Dramburger Neustadt developed on the southern bank of the Drage. In 1400, Margrave Sigismund (later Emperor Sigismund ) sold the city together with the entire Neumark to the Teutonic Order , which, however, only ruled until 1455.

The Franciscan order maintained the Dramburg monastery from the 14th to the 16th century.

The former Franciscan Faustinus Schliepe, who converted in 1537, introduced the Reformation in Dramburg in the same year . From 1540 the Order of St. John was the owner of the city and remained so until 1808. A great fire destroyed large parts of the city in 1620, only five houses remained intact. Five years later, numerous residents fell victim to the plague . During the Thirty Years War in 1638 the Swedish Colonel Beer attacked the city with looting and pillage. Despite these catastrophes, Dramburg's economy did not suffer any major damage. The city had the right to staple the Kolberg salt, which was transported on the drage, wool weavers and Schumacher were the determining trades at the end of the Middle Ages.

When, after the end of the Wars of Liberation, Prussia reorganized its territorial administration, Dramburg was elevated to the status of the district town of the district of the same name in the Pomeranian administrative district of Köslin in 1818 . The Pomeranian Central Railway reached the city in 1877, which was also connected to the Saatzig small railway network in 1896 . As a result, several industrial companies in the wood and textile industry settled. The establishment of the main station of the Pomeranian Saatzucht Gesellschaft, which operated its experimental fields in Dramburg, had a positive effect.

After the First World War , when many residents moved from the area of ​​the Polish Corridor established by the provisions of the Versailles Treaty in 1920 , Dramburg expanded to include new residential areas in the south of the city. After the dissolution of the Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia province in 1938, Dramburg became part of the Schneidemühl administrative district . During the Second World War , the SS ran a large motorcycle and mechanics school. Soviet and Polish troops captured the city on March 4, 1945, the city center of which was largely destroyed during the fighting.

After the end of the Second World War, Dramburg was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement, together with the Pomerania region. Then began the immigration of Polish migrants, some of whom came from eastern Poland . As far as the native (German) townspeople had not fled, they were expelled from Dramburg by the local Polish administrative authority in the following period .

In 1950 the name was changed to Drawsko Pomorskie. Until 1975 the city was the administrative center of a powiat . After the administrative reform of 1999, this status was restored.

  • Altar of St. Mary

  • Elementary school with a tank memorial

  • Military training area

Demographics

Population development until 1945
year Residents Remarks
1719 757
1750 1.312
1801 1,558 including three Jewish families with 38 individuals
1816 1,808 including eight Catholics and 49 Jews
1831 2,667 including seven Catholics and 87 Jews
1843 3,413 including three Catholics and 121 Jews
1852 4,004 including ten Catholics and 169 Jews
1861 4,847 including ten Catholics, 186 Jews and three members of the Free Congregation or German Catholics
1875 5,626
1880 6,049
1890 5,923 including 38 Catholics and 165 Jews
1900 5,883 mostly evangelicals
1925 6,358
1933 7,314
1939 8.091
Population since 1945
year Residents Remarks
1955 6,300
1987 10,706
2004 11,781
2015 11,454
Population numbers to date

Town twinning

There are partnerships with the cities:

Attractions

Panorama of the city with the parish church as a landmark
Villa in Chopin Park, based on a design by Walter Gropius

The most important architectural monument in the city is the late Gothic Church of the Resurrection ( kościół pw Zmartwychwstania Pańskiego ) from the 15th century, a three-aisled hall church made of brick. The story of the massive front tower is interesting. It has had an onion hood on a simple tent roof since the city fire of 1620 , lost this top in the 19th century and finally received its current pointed spire at the beginning of the 20th century. In the anteroom of the church (tower hall) there are two large stained glass windows with the family coat of arms v. Knebel-Doeberitz, v. Brockhausen, v. Griesheim, v. Zadow, v. Borcke and v. Grünberg. Until 1945, these were the most influential large landowners in the Dramburg district. The windows were donated by the families in 1914 on the occasion of the renovation of the tower hall. They were made in the W. Blaue workshop, Berlin-Dahlem. They were badly damaged by the effects of war. The restoration was carried out by the Polish master of glass painting Krzysztof Mazurkiewicz, Köslin.

In addition, the remains of the city wall from the 14th century, the market square with its partially preserved historical buildings and a half-timbered salt storage facility from around 1700 deserve attention.

traffic

railway station

Drawsko Pomorskie is located at Droga krajowa 20 (former German Reichsstrasse 158 ) Stargard - Gdynia . Furthermore, the provincial roads (DW) DW 148 to Starogard , DW 173 to Połczyn-Zdrój and DW 175 to Choszczno lead from the city .

The city is also connected to the Chojnice – Runowo Pomorskie line of the Polish State Railways (PKP) .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Other personalities associated with the city

Gmina Drawsko Pomorskie

The Municipality and City Office - Drawsko Pomorskie (Dramburg)
Seat of the district administration for the Powiat Drawski

The urban and rural municipality Drawsko Pomorskie covers an area of ​​344 km² and has more than 16,000 inhabitants.

The rural area of ​​the municipality is divided into 18 school authorities , to which other localities are assigned:

literature

  • Gustav Kratz ; The cities of the province of Pomerania - an outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, pp. 125–128 ( full text ).
  • Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Volume 3: Containing the Neumark Brandenburg. Berlin 1809, pp. 223-225 ( books.google.de ).
  • Paul van Niessen : The history of the city of Dramburg - Festschrift for the jubilee of its six hundred year existence . Jancke, Dramburg 1897 (reprint: Microson Reprints, 1994).
  • Our Pommerland , vol. 13, vol. 11–12: District of Dramburg .

Web links

Commons : Drawsko Pomorskie  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Największy poligon w Europie
  3. ^ Heinrich Gottfried Philipp Gengler : Regesta and documents of the constitutional and legal history of the German cities in the Middle Ages , Erlangen 1863, p. 883 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Gustav Kratz ; The cities of the province of Pomerania - an outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1965, pp. 127–128 .
  5. ^ A b Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Volume 3: Containing the Neumark Brandenburg. Berlin 1809, p. 223 ( books.google.de ).
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. dramburg.html # ew39dramadramb. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  7. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 5, Leipzig and Vienna 1906, p. 175.
  8. ↑ Drawsko Pomorskie: Współpraca z zagranicą [1]
  9. ^ Sołtysi i Rady Sołeckie Gminy Drawsko Pomorskie at Biuletyn Informacji Publiczne.