Hans-Peter Blume

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Hans-Peter Blume

Hans-Peter Heinrich Blume (born April 18, 1933 in Magdeburg ) is a German soil scientist . He taught at the Hohenheim Agricultural University , at the Technical University of Berlin and at the Christian-Albrechts-University in Kiel . The focus of research was the dynamics, development, classification, distribution and ecological evaluation of forest, arable and urban soils in Germany, as well as of soils in arid ecosystems and in Antarctic cold regions.

Stations of his life

Hans-Peter Blume, son of a state official, grew up in Schleswig-Holstein in 1940 , initially in Tating, Eiderstedt district, and attended the Hermann-Tast-Gymnasium in Husum. He later lived with his parents in Kiel and attended the Max Planck School in Kiel from 1949 to 1953 . After graduating from high school, he completed a two-year agricultural apprenticeship on Mohrkirchen in fishing. In 1955 he began a study of agriculture and chemistry at the University of Kiel , where he graduated in 1958 with the exam for agronomist. During this time he became interested in soil science . From 1957 he worked first as a student assistant and later as a research assistant at the Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science at the University of Kiel. Under the aegis of the soil scientist Ernst Schlichting , he wrote an experimental diploma thesis on the shifting of clay as a profile-defining process in soils , which was expanded to a technically and methodologically outstanding dissertation , with which he received his doctorate in 1961.

When Ernst Schlichting accepted a chair for soil science at the Hohenheim Agricultural University in 1961, Blume followed his teacher and sponsor. As a scientific assistant at the Institute for Soil Science in Hohenheim , he completed his habilitation in 1968 with a paper on backwater soils . Until 1971 he worked as a private lecturer at this institute. In 1972 he took over as a full professor of the Department of Soil Science at the Institute of Ecology at the Technical University of Berlin .

In 1982, Blume returned to the University of Kiel . As director and professor of soil science at the Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, he developed a lively interdisciplinary teaching and research activity. From 1988 to 1998 he was also director of the Research and Technology Center West Coast in Büsum and from 1996 to 1998 director of the Ecology Center at Kiel University. In 1998 he retired .

Blume has been married to since 1960 and has four children with his wife.

Research and Teaching

Agricultural University of Hohenheim

In Hohenheim, Blume acquired a broad basic knowledge of all areas of soil science. Together with Ernst Schlichting , he developed a pedological method book for laboratory and field studies, which was published in 1966 under the title Soil Science Practical (second edition in 1995) and was designed for farmers and foresters as well as for ecologists and geographers. The third edition appeared in 2011.

For several years, Blume dealt with the morphology and chemistry of the humus bodies of typical forest soils in northern Germany and Sweden. His research activities in the development of soil-physical measurement methods were groundbreaking. He was one of the first soil scientists in Germany to use neutron probes and tensiometers to study soil dynamic processes in periodic in-situ measurements. In 1966 he was already using tritium as a radioactive marker to determine the soil water and air balance .

In 1968 , Blume completed his habilitation in Hohenheim (since 1968 university) in the field of soil science with a paper on backwater soils , a fundamental thesis on the genetic development of pseudogleyen and stagnogleyen . He was instrumental role in Meliorationsversuchen on agricultural sites in Württemberg. His courses included laboratory internships and soil mapping exercises.

Technical University Berlin

As a professor of soil science, Blume was integrated into the Institute for Ecology, which was newly founded at the Technical University of Berlin, since 1972 . At this interdisciplinary structured study facility, he first had to adapt the teaching content he was responsible for in the subject of soil science to the requirements of geographers , ecologists , biologists and landscape planners. Therefore he dealt intensively with the didactics of soil science and published several articles about it. From 1976 he was one of the co-authors of the Scheffer-Schachtschabel , the leading German-language textbook on soil science. From the 15th edition (1982 to 2002) he was also editor of this standard work. The first English edition was published in 2016.

In Berlin, Blume opened up new ecologically oriented research fields. Together with his PhD students and colleagues he worked, partly interdisciplinary within project studies, current problems of urban ecology , including the soil development of inner city from rubble, garbage and waste open spaces, the impact of road salt on the floors and the heavy metal - phosphate - and herbicide load of waste water . Based on the results of this scientific research, he created numerous ecological reports that were used as decision-making aids in urban policy planning projects. From 1976 to 1984 he and his staff mapped desert soils in the central Sahara ( Egypt and Libya ) as part of ecosystem projects , examined their water and salt balance and assessed their suitability for irrigation farming .

University of Kiel

In 1982, when he was appointed to the Chair of Soil Science at the Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science at the University of Kiel , Blume was able to continue working on the research questions he had established in Berlin . Soil- scientific mapping of urban soils in Kiel , Lübeck and Eckernförde was also one of the focal points of the work, as was the experimental studies carried out under his aegis on the dynamics of water, nutrients and pollutants in various landscapes and uses in Schleswig-Holstein.

In 1988, together with colleagues from the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Blume founded the Research and Technology Center in Büsum at Kiel University. There he studied, among other things, in a joint project the effect of global warming on the soils of the mud flats and salt marshes of the North Sea coast . At the same time, between 1983 and 2002, together with doctoral students and specialist colleagues in Sudan , Bangladesh , Israel , Brazil and the Antarctic , he investigated the properties of various soils, their distribution areas and, in some cases, their water and nutrient dynamics in order to derive their genesis and usability.

Because of his expertise, Blume was appointed to numerous national and international committees and working groups. From 1986 to 1993 he was Vice President and from 1994 to 1997 President of the German Soil Science Society . Since 1986 he has been a member of a working group of the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS), which is responsible for the further development of an international soil classification . From 1986 to 1993 he was a representative of the IUSS in the standardization of soil research methods.

From 1982 to 1994, together with his wife , Blume was editor-in-chief in the field of soil science for the journal for plant nutrition and soil science . In 1990, he, together with colleagues a manual soil protection issued, and since 1996 as appears under his authoritative leadership Loseblattsammlung designed Handbook of Soil Science . Since 2000 he has been a member of the editorial team of the loose-leaf editions of the soil investigation manual , which primarily serves to implement the Federal Soil Protection Ordinance .

Activity as emeritus

Even after his retirement in 1998, Blume continues to work scientifically. Until 2005 he was supervising six dissertations, so that he led a total of 48 of his students to doctorate. Thanks to his enormous work and creativity, as emeritus he has added noteworthy contributions to the list of more than 400 publications of his scientific publications.

For the past ten years, Blume has focused on the history of soil science. Since 2002 he has headed the “History of Soil Science” working group of the German Soil Science Society. On the occasion of the 75th anniversary of this scientific society (2001), he published a comprehensively documented, richly illustrated, almost 400 printed-page commemorative publication , which for a long time will be the authoritative reference work on the development history of scientific soil science in Germany.

Among the most recent publications by Blum are to be highlighted: his contribution published in the Handbuch der Bodenkunde ( The Roots of Soil Science) (2003), the paper On the History of Soil Science (2007) written together with Karl Stahr and that together with Rainer Horn in the series of the Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science of the University of Kiel published booklet Personalities of Soil Science I (2008).

As a hobby , Blume collects postage stamps and other postal documents on the subject of soil science - soil use - soil protection , exhibits his collection at specialist soil science conferences and has written the book "A philatelic foray through soil science - bread for the world through soil culture".

He is a member of the student union Landsmannschaft Slesvico-Holsatia, united with Landsmannschaft Cheruscia in the Coburg Convent of the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel.

honors and awards

Major works

  • The shifting of clay as a profile-defining process in soils made from Upper Pleistocene boulder clay . Diss. Agricultural Faculty Univ. Kiel 1961.
  • Soil studies in the Pannon Basin and its western fringes . Series of publications by the Faculty of Agriculture at Kiel University, no. 34, 1963.
  • Ernst Schlichting and Hans-Peter Blume: Soil science internship. An introduction to pedological work for ecologists, especially farmers and foresters and for geoscientists . Publishing house Paul Parey Hamburg and Berlin. Second revised edition (Ernst Schlichting, Hans-Peter Blume and Karl Stahr ), Blackwell Wissenschaftsverlag Berlin 1995 = Parey's study texts No. 81. 3rd revised edition (Hans-Peter Blume, Karl Stahr and Peter Leinweber), Spektrum Akademischer Verlag Heidelberg 2011.
  • Backwater bottoms. Comparative studies on the formation and location properties of forest soils with and without water accumulation and at the same time a contribution to the knowledge of the soils of Baden-Württemberg, East Holstein and the Danish Islands . (Habilitation thesis). Verlag Eugen Ulmer Stuttgart 1968 = work of the University of Hohenheim H. 42.
  • Scheffer / Schachtschabel: Textbook of soil science . Co-author or co-editor, 9th edition 1976 to 15th edition 2002. Ferdinand Enke Verlag Stuttgart; 15th edition. Spectrum Academic Publishing House Heidelberg and Berlin.
  • Chemical-ecological studies on the eutrophication of Berlin waters with special consideration of phosphates and borates . G. Fischer Verlag Stuttgart 1979 = series of publications by the Association for Water, Soil and Air Hygiene, Vol. 48.
  • Manual of soil protection . Published by Hans-Peter Blume together with other specialist colleagues. Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft Landsberg 1990; 2nd edition 1992; 3rd edition 2004; 4th edition 2010.
  • Arid Ecosystems . Edited by Hans-Peter Blume and Simon M. Berkowicz. Catena-Verlag Reiskirchen 1995 = Advances in Geoecology Vol. 28.
  • Handbook of Soil Science . Published by Hans-Peter Blume together with other specialist colleagues. Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft Landsberg, later Wiley-VCH Weinheim / Bergstrasse. Loose-leaf edition 1996 ff.
  • Soils of urban-industrial conurbations . In: Handbook of Soil Science. Published by Hans-Peter Blume et al., Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft Landsberg 1996, chap. 3.4.4.9.
  • Soil as a location factor . In: Handbuch des Pflanzenbaues. Edited by ER Keller, H. Hanus and K.-U. Heyland. Verlag Eugen Ulmer Stuttgart, Vol. 1, Fundamentals of Agricultural Production, 1997, pp. 69-105.
  • Towards sustainable land use - furthering cooperation between people and its institutions . Published by Hans-Peter Blume with representatives from the Federal Ministry for the Environment. With lectures at a meeting of the "International Soil Conservation Organization" (ISCO) in 1996 in the German Bundestag in Bonn. Catena-Verlag Reiskirchen 1998 = Advances in Geoecology Vol. 31, pp. I – XXXII u. 1-1560.
  • 75 years of the German Soil Science Society: 1926–2001 . Communications of the German Soil Science Society Vol. 97, 2001. IV u. 382 pp.
  • The roots of soil science . In: Handbook of Soil Science. Edited by Hans-Peter Blume et al., Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft Landsberg 2003, chap. 1.3.1.
  • Hans-Peter Blume & Karl Stahr: On the history of soil science . (Margarete von Wrangell 1877–1931, Willy Laatsch 1905–1997, Ernst Schlichting 1923–1988). Published by the Institute for Soil Science & Geography of the University of Hohenheim = Hohenheimer Soil Science Hefte No. 83, 2007.
  • Personalities of Soil Science I . (Gustav Heyer 1826–1883, Georg Wiegner 1883–1936, Gustav Adolf Kraus 1888–1968, Wilhelm Holstein 1898–1973, Karl Leberecht Krutzsch 1772–1856, Hermann Krutzsch 1819–1896, Julius Stöckhardt 1809–1883, Heinrich Vater 1859-1830Gustaf Adolf Krauß 1888–1968, Hans-Friedrich Sachße 1890–1986, Hans Joachim Fiedler 1927 * 1927), published by Hans-Peter Blume & Rainer Horn = series of publications Institute for Plant Nutrition & Soil Science, University of Kiel No. 78, 2008.
  • Soil Science Personalities II . (Eugen Hilgard 1833–1916, Hans Jenny 1899–1992, Hermann Stremme 1879–1961, Helmut Stremme 1916–2009, Eberhard Ostendorff 1905–1984, Otto Stern 1888–1969, Ernst Ehwald 1913–1986); Published by Hans-Peter Blume & Rainer Horn = series of publications Institute for Plant Nutrition & Soil Science, University of Kiel No. 58, 2010
  • Soil Science Personalities III . (Christian Ehrenberg 1795–1876, Vasilii Dokucaev 1846–1903, Emil Ramann 1851–1926, Selman Waksman 1851–1926, Walter Rotkegel 1874–1959, Heinrich Thiele 1902–1990, Dietrich Kopp 1921–2008, Karl Heinrich Hartge 1926–2009) . Published by Hans-Peter Blume & Rainer Horn = publication series Institute for Plant Nutrition & Soil Science, University of Kiel No. 95, 2012
  • Personalities of Soil Science V . (Emil Wolff 1813–1896, Eilhard Mitscherlich 1874–1957, David Hissink 1874–1956, Herbert Franz 1908–2002, Otto Fränzle 1932–2009, Rudolf Pürckhauer 1901–1993). Published by Hans-Peter Blume & Rainer Horn = publication series Institute for Plant Nutrition & Soil Science, University of Kiel No. 103, 2015.
  • Hans-Peter Blume & Heiner Fleige: Mud flats & beaches - salt marshes & mangrove forests. Section 3.3.3.5 in the Soil Science Handbook - 41st Supplement from 2016 in the Soil Science Handbook (see above).
  • Hans-Peter Blume & Manfred Bölter: Soil landscapes of high latitudes - Antarctica & Arctic. Section 3.4.5.1 in the Soil Science Handbook - 44th Supplement from 2018 in the Soil Science Handbook (see above).
  • Hans-Peter Blume: A philatelic foray into soil science - Bread for the World through Natural Resources , Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 2018.

literature

  • 50 years of the Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science at the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel. Chronicle of the institute 1948–1998 . Edited by H.-P. Blume, A. Finck, R. Horn, B. Sattelmacher, L. Beyer and J. Lamp. Publication series Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science University of Kiel No. 44, 1998 (with numerous illustrations and list of publications).
  • K. Stahr: laudation. Prof. Dr. Dr. hc H.-P. 65th birthday flower . In: Journal for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Vol. 161, 1998, pp. 187–188 (with picture).
  • Monika Frielinghaus: Awarding honorary membership to Prof. Dr. Dr. hc Hans-Peter Blume, Kiel, on the occasion of the annual conference of the German Soil Science Society in Frankfurt / Oder, September 2003 . In: Journal for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Vol. 166, 2003, p. 668 (with picture).
  • Rainer Horn: Honoring his 70th birthday: Prof. Dr. Dr. hc Hans-Peter Blume . In: Christiana Albertina. Research and reports from the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel H. 57, November 2003, p. 80 (with picture).
  • IUSS Honorary member - Hans Peter Blume . In: Bulletin of the International Union of Soil Sciences No. 109, 2006, pp. 37-38.
  • Scientist, teacher, citizen (Prof. Dr. H.-P. Blume - 75) . In: Annals of Agrarian Science (Tblisi, Georgia) Vol. 6, No. 4, 2008, pp. 124-126. Internet edition in Russian and English (with picture).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Blume, Hans-Peter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Blume, Hans-Peter Heinrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German soil scientist
DATE OF BIRTH April 18, 1933
PLACE OF BIRTH Magdeburg