Ahmed I.

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Ahmed I.
The tomb of Sultan Ahmed in the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, Istanbul

Ahmed I (born April 18, 1590 in Manisa , † November 22, 1617 in Istanbul ) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 to 1617 .

Life

Ahmed was a son of Mehmed III. , whom he followed on the throne in 1603 at the age of 13. This made him the first Ottoman sultan to rule as a minor. He did not follow the custom of murdering direct competitors for the throne, such as his brother Mustafa . This finally followed him as Sultan. For this he had his grandmother Safiye , who had been in charge of government until his accession to the throne, imprisoned in Maiden's Tower ( Kız Kulesi ).

Ahmed I. had two wives. The first was Mahfiruze Hatice Sultan , mother of Osman II ; his second wife was Kösem Mahpeyker , with whom he is said to have been officially married and had nine children: sons Mehmet, Murad IV , Ibrahim I , Kasim, Süleyman and the daughters Ayşe Sultan, Fatma Sultan , Gevherhan Sultan and Hanzade Sultan.

At the beginning of his reign he gave samples of determination that were not fulfilled in his later behavior. The wars in Hungary (third Austrian Turkish War, called the Long Turkish War ) and in Persia , which accompanied his accession to the throne, ended unfavorably for the Ottoman Empire. Its prestige suffered its first setback with the peace treaty of Zsitvatorok signed in 1606 , which abolished the annual tribute payments by Austria.

Ahmed indulged in pleasure for the remainder of his tenure. Demoralization and corruption in public administration now became as ubiquitous as indiscipline in the ranks of the army . It is said that the use of tobacco was introduced to the Turks under Ahmed I.

Ahmed I is best known today as the builder of the Sultan Ahmed Mosque ( Blue Mosque ). Aynalıkavak Palace was also built during his reign .

death

In 1617 he fell ill with typhus and died of it on the night of November 21-22 at the age of 27. He was buried in an adjacent mausoleum of the Blue Mosque.

literature

  • Nicolae Iorga : History of the Ottoman Empire. Depicted according to the sources. 5 volumes, Verlag Perthes, Gotha 1908–1913, reprinted Frankfurt / Main 1990.
  • Ferenc Majoros, Bernd Rill: The Ottoman Empire 1300-1922. The story of a great power . Marix, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-937715-25-8 .
  • Hans Georg Majer: Ahmed I. In: Biographical Lexicon for the History of Southeast Europe . Volume 1. Munich 1974, p. 16 f.
  • Josef Matuz: The Ottoman Empire. Baseline of its history . 4th edition. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2006, ISBN 3-534-20020-9 .
  • Gabriel Effendi Noradounghian : Recueil d'actes internationaux de l'Empire Ottoman 1300-1789. Tome I. Paris, Neufchâtel 1897. Reprint: Kraus, Nendeln 1978, ISBN 3-262-00527-4 .

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Commons : Ahmed I  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files
predecessor Office successor
Mehmed III. Sultan and Caliph of the Ottoman Empire
1603–1617 		Mustafa I.
personal data
SURNAME Ahmed I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ottoman sultan
DATE OF BIRTH April 18, 1590
PLACE OF BIRTH Manisa
DATE OF DEATH November 22, 1617
Place of death Istanbul