Mustafa I.

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Mustafa I., oil painting, Topkapı Palace , Istanbul

Mustafa I. ( Ottoman مصطفى الأول; * 1592 ; † January 20, 1639 ) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1617 to 1618 and from 1622 to 1623. He was the brother of Ahmed I.

Life

From left to right: Türbe of Mustafa I and his nephew Sultan Ibrahim

At the age of two, Mustafa was put in the so-called “prince's cage” , where he had to spend 14 years during the rule of his brother. Presumably for this reason he was mentally retarded , perhaps also neurotic and therefore a plaything of the power games in Istanbul's Topkapı Palace . Since Sultan Mehmed II (reign from 1441 to 1461) it had been the Ottoman custom to have the remaining brothers of the ascendant of the throne strangled for fear of power struggles. It was only Mustafa's brother Ahmed I who abandoned the power-consolidating custom of fratricide and set up the so-called prince's prison (Turkish ḳafes "cage").

After his brother's death, Mustafa came to the throne in 1617, as Ahmed's son Osman was only 13 years old at the time (Ahmed himself came to power at that age; perhaps his short reign was a warning to contemporaries). However, Mustafa was deposed after only 96 days in 1618 for incapacity to govern, and in his place his underage nephew as Osman II became the new sultan. After his assassination in 1622, Mustafa became sultan again for a year. But since he was still overwhelmed with this task because of his innate mental weakness and called madly after his strangled nephew Osman II, he was deposed by the Janissaries as a result of a fatwa of Sheikhul Islam and imprisoned again. He died 16 years later in the “prince's cage”. His grave is in the former baptistery in front of Hagia Sophia . He was succeeded by Osman's brother Murad IV.

literature

  • Joseph v. Hammer-Purgstall: History of the Ottoman Empire . Volume 4: From the accession of Murad the Third to the second dethronement of Mustafa I (1574–1623) . Volume 5: From the entry into government of Murad the Fourth to the appointment of Mohammed Köprili as Grand Vizier (1623–1656) . A total of ten volumes. CA Hartleben's Verlag, Vienna and Pest 1827–1836.
  • Gabriel Effendi Noradounghian : Recueil d'actes internationaux de l'Empire Ottoman 1300–1789 . Volume I. Paris and Neufchâtel 1897.
  • John Parry Vernon: A history of the Ottoman Empire to 1730. Chapters from the "Cambridge history of Islam" and "New Cambridge modern history" . Volumes 1-5. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976.
  • Ernst Werner, Walter Markov : History of the Turks from the beginning to the present . Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1979.
  • Ernst Werner : The Birth of a Great Power - The Ottomans. A contribution to the genesis of Turkish feudalism . Hermann Böhlaus successor, Vienna 1985.
  • Ferenc Majoros, Bernd Rill: The Ottoman Empire 1300-1922. The story of a great power . Marix Verlag, Wiesbaden 2004.

Web links

Commons : Mustafa I  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b www.tuerkenbeute.de - Mustafa I. ( Memento of the original from February 26, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tuerkenbeute.de
  2. ↑ Josef Matuz : The Ottoman Empire. Baseline of its history. 5th edition. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2008, p. 166.
predecessor Office successor
Ahmed I.
Osman II 		Sultan and Caliph of the Ottoman Empire
1617–1618
1622–1623 		Osman II
Murad IV
personal data
SURNAME Mustafa I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1617–1618, 1622–1623)
DATE OF BIRTH 1592
DATE OF DEATH January 20, 1639